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week1-speaker.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head>
<script src="site_libs/clipboard/clipboard.min.js"></script>
<script src="site_libs/quarto-html/tabby.min.js"></script>
<script src="site_libs/quarto-html/popper.min.js"></script>
<script src="site_libs/quarto-html/tippy.umd.min.js"></script>
<link href="site_libs/quarto-html/tippy.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="site_libs/quarto-html/light-border.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="site_libs/quarto-html/quarto-html.min.css" rel="stylesheet" data-mode="light">
<link href="site_libs/quarto-html/quarto-syntax-highlighting.css" rel="stylesheet" id="quarto-text-highlighting-styles"><meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="generator" content="quarto-1.4.551">
<meta name="author" content="謝舒凱">
<meta name="dcterms.date" content="2024-03-28">
<title>語言的邏輯分析 - Week1 Orientation</title>
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no, minimal-ui">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="site_libs/revealjs/dist/reset.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="site_libs/revealjs/dist/reveal.css">
<style>
code{white-space: pre-wrap;}
span.smallcaps{font-variant: small-caps;}
div.columns{display: flex; gap: min(4vw, 1.5em);}
div.column{flex: auto; overflow-x: auto;}
div.hanging-indent{margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent: -1.5em;}
ul.task-list{list-style: none;}
ul.task-list li input[type="checkbox"] {
width: 0.8em;
margin: 0 0.8em 0.2em -1em; /* quarto-specific, see https://github.com/quarto-dev/quarto-cli/issues/4556 */
vertical-align: middle;
}
</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="site_libs/revealjs/dist/theme/quarto.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
<link href="site_libs/revealjs/plugin/quarto-line-highlight/line-highlight.css" rel="stylesheet">
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<link href="site_libs/revealjs/plugin/reveal-menu/quarto-menu.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="site_libs/revealjs/plugin/reveal-chalkboard/font-awesome/css/all.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="site_libs/revealjs/plugin/reveal-chalkboard/style.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="site_libs/revealjs/plugin/quarto-support/footer.css" rel="stylesheet">
<style type="text/css">
.callout {
margin-top: 1em;
margin-bottom: 1em;
border-radius: .25rem;
}
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padding: 0em 0.5em;
border-left: solid #acacac .3rem;
border-right: solid 1px silver;
border-top: solid 1px silver;
border-bottom: solid 1px silver;
display: flex;
}
.callout.callout-style-default {
border-left: solid #acacac .3rem;
border-right: solid 1px silver;
border-top: solid 1px silver;
border-bottom: solid 1px silver;
}
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flex-grow: 1;
}
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font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: 400;
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font-size: 0.9rem;
font-weight: 400;
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margin-bottom: -0.2em;
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margin-top: 0.5em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
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margin-top: 0.7em;
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font-weight: 600;
opacity: 75%;
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margin-top: 1rem;
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</head>
<body class="quarto-light">
<div class="reveal">
<div class="slides">
<section id="title-slide" class="quarto-title-block center">
<h1 class="title">Week1 Orientation</h1>
<div class="quarto-title-authors">
<div class="quarto-title-author">
<div class="quarto-title-author-name">
謝舒凱
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="date">2024-03-28</p>
</section>
<section>
<section id="歡迎加入語言解謎的世界" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>歡迎加入語言解謎的世界</h1>
<p>Decipher the World with Linguistics</p>
</section>
<section id="我是" class="slide level2">
<h2>我是</h2>
<!-- ---
測試 -->
<img data-src="pics/me.png" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="語言的邏輯分析" class="slide level2">
<h2>語言的邏輯分析</h2>
<ul>
<li><p>語言？</p></li>
<li><p>邏輯？</p></li>
<li><p>分析？</p></li>
<li><p>[語言的邏輯]分析？ [語言]的[邏輯分析]？ <!-- 課名的語言邏輯分析 --></p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="語言與語言學" class="slide level2">
<h2>語言與語言學</h2>
<p>Languages and Linguistics</p>
<div>
<ul>
<li class="fragment"><p>To uncover and describe what you know, and how you learned</p></li>
<li class="fragment"><p>Form (sound and script) and Meaning</p>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Phonetics/Phonology; Morphology/Syntax; Semantics/Pragmatics</li>
<li class="fragment">Psycho-neuro-social-historical-cultural dimensions</li>
<li class="fragment">various applications : language pedagogy, natural language processing/understanding, language, speech therapy (language-speech-pathology)</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section id="語言與語言科學" class="slide level2">
<h2>語言與語言科學</h2>
<p>Linguistics and Language Science(s) <strong>Language Modalities</strong></p>
<div>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Every language must have a mode of communication / modality
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Auditory-vocal</li>
<li class="fragment">visual-gestural</li>
</ul></li>
<li class="fragment">Importance of studying different modalities > toward <strong>Language Science(s)</strong></li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section id="world-languages" class="slide level2">
<h2>World Languages</h2>
<p>我們<font color="red">會</font>的語言，只是七千多種的幾個。(對臺灣最具意義的南島語族約 1200+ 種，不斷流失中）</p>
<div class="callout callout-tip callout-titled callout-style-simple">
<div class="callout-body">
<div class="callout-title">
<div class="callout-icon-container">
<i class="callout-icon"></i>
</div>
<p><strong>我就問：會是什麼意思？</strong></p>
</div>
<div class="callout-content">
<p>What do you know when you (say) you know a language? (BTW, Language is not Writing System) 5000-7000/1000－2000）</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="all-languages-matter" class="slide level2">
<h2>All Languages matter!</h2>
<p><code>自然語言、動物語言、星際語言、人造語言、電腦語言、以及其他書寫文字溝通系統</code></p>
<ul>
<li><p>【人造語言/constructed languages】</p></li>
<li><p>【外星語言學 Xenolinguistics】</p></li>
<li><p>【Linguistic Steganography 語言隱寫術】／ 【Algorithmic Deciperment (Voynich; Rovash), etc】</p>
<ul>
<li>non-verbal, non-symbolic communication system, ever possible? (electrocardiogram etc )</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="邏輯" class="slide level2">
<h2>邏輯</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>語言與邏輯是彼此密切相關的，語言就是由一系列符號（詞語、標記、符號）和它們之間的規則組成的系統，可以用來表達思想或溝通。邏輯是一門對推理進行分析和評估的科學，它提供了一個框架，用來檢查推理的合理性，以及推理中涉及的假設的清楚性和有效性。因此，語言的邏輯分析就是對語言的結構和語言中推理的合理性進行分析和評估的過程。它是利用邏輯的原則對語言表達的概念及其關系進行分析的過程，以探索語言的正確性和有效性，并確定語言表達中的推理是否符合邏輯規則。</p>
</blockquote>
<div>
<p>(這段是 AI 生成的)</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="邏輯有很多意義" class="slide level2">
<h2>邏輯有很多意義</h2>
<ul>
<li>邏輯是一個涵義很廣的概念，涵蓋的並不局限于形式邏輯或數理邏輯所表達的範圍 （參見康德【純理性批判】Critique of Pure Reason）</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="這門課不這樣談語言-可惜慶幸" class="slide level2">
<h2>這門課不這樣談語言 (可惜？慶幸？ 😄)</h2>
<p><img data-src="pics/logic1.webp" width="500"> <img data-src="pics/logic2.png" width="500"></p>
</section>
<section id="語言文化與邏輯" class="slide level2">
<h2>語言文化與邏輯</h2>
<ul>
<li>我們來看一個例子：巴拉圭的 <code>Toba</code> 語言中的數字表達</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="section" class="slide level2">
<h2></h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr class="header">
<th>阿拉伯數字</th>
<th>表達</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td>1</td>
<td>nathedac</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>2</td>
<td>cacayni 或 nivoca</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>3</td>
<td>cacaynilia</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>4</td>
<td>nalotapegat</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>5</td>
<td>nivoca cacaynilia</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>6</td>
<td>cacayni cacaynilia</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>7</td>
<td>nathedac cacayni cacaynilia</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>8</td>
<td>nivoca nalotapegat</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>9</td>
<td>nivoca nalotapegat nathedac</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>10</td>
<td>cacayni nivoca nalotapegat</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</section>
<section class="slide level2">
<p><code>僅使用 1-4 的數字，其餘數字則需要大量重複使用這四個數字</code></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr class="header">
<th>阿拉伯數字</th>
<th>表達</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td>1</td>
<td>nathedac</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>2</td>
<td>cacayni 或 nivoca</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>3</td>
<td>cacaynilia</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>4</td>
<td>nalotapegat</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>5 = 2+3</td>
<td>nivoca cacaynilia</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>6 = 2*3</td>
<td>cacayni cacaynilia</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>7 = 1+2*3</td>
<td>nathedac cacayni cacaynilia</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>8 = 2*4</td>
<td>nivoca nalotapegat</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>9 = 2*4 + 1</td>
<td>nivoca nalotapegat nathedac</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>10 = 2 + 2*4</td>
<td>cacayni nivoca nalotapegat</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</section>
<section id="原初邏輯與文化" class="slide level2">
<h2>原初邏輯與文化</h2>
<div>
<blockquote>
<p>對抽象沒有興趣；矛盾也沒有關係。</p>
</blockquote>
<pre><code>- `Tasmanians` 沒有「樹」這個詞，但對於每一種灌木、橡膠樹都有專門的語詞；沒有抽象的方式表達硬的、軟的、圓的。會說「像石頭一樣」(硬)，「像大腿一樣」(長)，「像月亮一樣」(圓)。</code></pre>
<div class="callout callout-tip callout-titled callout-style-simple">
<div class="callout-body">
<div class="callout-title">
<div class="callout-icon-container">
<i class="callout-icon"></i>
</div>
<p><strong>世界觀</strong></p>
</div>
<div class="callout-content">
<p>不去描寫感知者的主題所獲得之印象，而去描寫客體在生活空間中的 形狀、輪廓、位置、運動、作用方式等等。</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="affordance" class="slide level2">
<h2>Affordance</h2>
<p>從生態心理學來的這個概念也很有幫助理解語言的邏輯分析。</p>
<ul>
<li><p>任何對環境或物體的知覺，都提供了知覺者某種行動的可能。如: 可以用來支撐的地面、可以食用的物質等。</p></li>
<li><p>語言通常也透過物體的名稱來反映了這種 affordance 的關係。</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="affordance-in-language" class="slide level2">
<h2>Affordance in Language</h2>
<img data-src="./pics/affordance.png" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="小總結" class="slide level2">
<h2>小總結</h2>
<ul>
<li><p>語言：世界語言與人造語言，只要是人類用來溝通的符碼系統，形意結合的符號系統，都是語言。</p></li>
<li><p>邏輯分析：不帶文化偏見的規則與模型探究與推導。</p></li>
</ul>
</section></section>
<section id="那學習語言的邏輯分析能幹什麼" class="title-slide slide level1 center" data-background-color="blue">
<h1>那，學習語言的邏輯分析能幹什麼？</h1>
</section>
<section>
<section id="好玩" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>好玩！</h1>
</section>
<section id="娛樂語言學" class="slide level2">
<h2>娛樂語言學</h2>
<p>[<code>Recreational linguistics</code>](https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Logology_(linguistics)</p>
<blockquote>
<p>a discipline which stimulates language learning through word games and lexical combinations. The method includes acrostics, mesostichs, tongue twisters, crossword puzzles, word searches, riddles, which Mollica advocates to teach language (vocabulary and grammar) as well as culture.</p>
</blockquote>
</section>
<section id="遊戲與人生" class="slide level2">
<h2>遊戲與人生</h2>
<ul>
<li>寓教於樂的 AI 世代</li>
</ul>
<div class="callout callout-tip callout-style-simple">
<div class="callout-body">
<div class="callout-icon-container">
<i class="callout-icon"></i>
</div>
<div class="callout-content">
<p>想像一個大部分的人都不需要為生活操心的世界，遊戲與娛樂將成為人類 (或AI 希望人類)的主要活動。這樣的世界將會是怎樣的呢？</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section></section>
<section>
<section id="好用" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>好用！</h1>
</section>
<section id="linguistics-in-the-real-world" class="slide level2">
<h2>Linguistics in the real World</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.linguisticsociety.org/content/linguistics-everyday-life">Linguistics in Everyday Life</a></li>
<li>Linguistics in the real world: Multi-modal and Multi-channel communication Revisiting Semiotics</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="linguistics-in-the-irreal-world" class="slide level2">
<h2>Linguistics in the irreal World</h2>
<p>Heptapods in <code>Arrival</code> <img data-src="./pics/logogram.jpeg"></p>
<p><img data-src="./pics/arrival_plan.jpeg"></p>
</section>
<section id="post-ai-skills" class="slide level2">
<h2>post-AI skills</h2>
<p><font color="blue">unplugged computational-linguistic (algorithmic) thinking</font></p>
<p>大型語言模型下的時代意義</p>
<ul>
<li><p>(Language) Game with a purpose</p></li>
<li><p>in-context learning and <font color="red">(anthropomorphized) prompt engineering</font></p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="謝老師神預言" class="slide level2">
<h2>謝老師神預言 😄</h2>
<img data-src="./pics/ai-pred.png" class="r-stretch"></section></section>
<section id="linguistic-analytics" class="title-slide slide level1 smaller center">
<h1>Linguistic Analytics</h1>
<p>Linguistic Education, Flipped</p>
<div>
<ul>
<li class="fragment"><p>任何與語言有關的問題，都是語言分析的範疇。Linguistic analysis as an essential Problem Solving Skill ( used to be a mental process in psychology and a computerized process in computer science)</p></li>
<li class="fragment"><p>Core competence to <strong>reasoning with small and unseen data</strong></p>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">人類的強項不是大數據與統計計算</li>
<li class="fragment">而是基於小/厚數據的知識推理、直觀、解決問題、與文化想像的能力、情緒、多元價值與同理溝通</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<section id="linguistics-olympiad" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Linguistics Olympiad</h1>
<p>關聯到本課程的教育活動</p>
</section>
<section id="我們怎麼實作這門課" class="slide level2">
<h2>我們怎麼實作這門課？</h2>
<p>Linguistic problem solving with small data</p>
<div>
<ul>
<li class="fragment"><p>用少量的知識當基礎</p></li>
<li class="fragment"><p>用自然語言與人造語言的例子來練習</p></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>從解碼、辨識與推導 (Decoding, Recognition and Inference) 到編碼 (Encoding) 能力學習</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
</section>
<section id="提醒" class="slide level2">
<h2>提醒</h2>
<ul>
<li><p>記得帶筆記本、筆電或平板之類。</p></li>
<li><p>這門課也是<code>台大計算語言學領域專長</code>的核心必修課程。 (程式設計與資料科學導論、語言的邏輯分析、計算語言學與語言理論、計算語言學專題)</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="暫時課綱" class="slide level2">
<h2>暫時課綱</h2>
<img data-src="./pics/syllabus.png" width="100" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="課堂練習" class="slide level2">
<h2>課堂練習</h2>
<img data-src="./pics/manx.png" class="r-stretch quarto-figure-center"><p class="caption">語奧初試</p></section>
<section id="section-1" class="slide level2">
<h2></h2>
<img data-src="pics/manx1.png" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="section-2" class="slide level2">
<h2></h2>
<img data-src="pics/m2.png" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="section-3" class="slide level2">
<h2></h2>
<img data-src="pics/m3.png" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="section-4" class="slide level2">
<h2></h2>
<p><img data-src="pics/m4.png" width="600"></p>
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