According to Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary, pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis is a pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of very fine silicate or quartz dust.
I'd also assume that it's the longest english word.
getrusage() returns resource usage measures for who, which can be one of the following.
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Why do you think we pass before and after by reference (instead of by value) to calculate, even though we're not changing their contents?
It appears that the rusage struct takes considerable chunk of memory so we better avoid making extraneous copies.
Explain as precisely as possible, in a paragraph or more, how main goes about reading words from a file. In other words, convince us that you indeed understand how that function's for loop works.
It reads characters one-by-one into the word buffer until it reaches EOF. Words can only contain alphabetical characters and apostrophes. Words that are longer than LENGTH and thus wouldn't fit into the buffer are dropped entirely. Words which contain numbers are ignored completely as well. Whole words are then terminated with a NUL character and checked against the dictionary of valid words.
Why do you think we used fgetc to read each word's characters one at a time rather than use fscanf with a format string like "%s" to read whole words at a time? Put another way, what problems might arise by relying on fscanf alone?
Because %s would treat words containing numbers and other disallowed characters as valid which based on our definition of the word is not.
To declare that the data that the pointer points to must not be changed.