diff --git a/app/objects/c_ability.py b/app/objects/c_ability.py
index 1a90daff3..a26da0dad 100644
--- a/app/objects/c_ability.py
+++ b/app/objects/c_ability.py
@@ -13,21 +13,21 @@
 
 class AbilitySchema(ma.Schema):
     ability_id = ma.fields.String()
-    tactic = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
-    technique_name = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
-    technique_id = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
-    name = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
-    description = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
+    tactic = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
+    technique_name = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
+    technique_id = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
+    name = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
+    description = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
     executors = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.Nested(ExecutorSchema))
-    requirements = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.Nested(RequirementSchema), missing=None)
-    privilege = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
-    repeatable = ma.fields.Bool(missing=None)
-    buckets = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.String(), missing=None)
+    requirements = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.Nested(RequirementSchema), load_default=None)
+    privilege = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
+    repeatable = ma.fields.Bool(load_default=None)
+    buckets = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.String(), load_default=None)
     additional_info = ma.fields.Dict(keys=ma.fields.String(), values=ma.fields.String())
-    access = ma.fields.Nested(AccessSchema, missing=None)
-    singleton = ma.fields.Bool(missing=None)
-    plugin = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
-    delete_payload = ma.fields.Bool(missing=None)
+    access = ma.fields.Nested(AccessSchema, load_default=None)
+    singleton = ma.fields.Bool(load_default=None)
+    plugin = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
+    delete_payload = ma.fields.Bool(load_default=None)
 
     @ma.pre_load
     def fix_id(self, data, **_):
diff --git a/app/objects/c_adversary.py b/app/objects/c_adversary.py
index 32c5114b5..e2c4ccd6f 100644
--- a/app/objects/c_adversary.py
+++ b/app/objects/c_adversary.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ class AdversarySchema(ma.Schema):
     objective = ma.fields.String()
     tags = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.String(), allow_none=True)
     has_repeatable_abilities = ma.fields.Boolean(dump_only=True)
-    plugin = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
+    plugin = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
 
     @ma.pre_load
     def fix_id(self, adversary, **_):
diff --git a/app/objects/c_operation.py b/app/objects/c_operation.py
index 647a3437e..99e981164 100644
--- a/app/objects/c_operation.py
+++ b/app/objects/c_operation.py
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class OperationSchema(ma.Schema):
     visibility = ma.fields.Integer()
     objective = ma.fields.Nested(ObjectiveSchema())
     use_learning_parsers = ma.fields.Boolean()
-    group = ma.fields.String(missing='')
+    group = ma.fields.String(load_default='')
     source = ma.fields.Nested(SourceSchema())
 
     @ma.pre_load()
diff --git a/app/objects/c_planner.py b/app/objects/c_planner.py
index 15d6e062f..010c08752 100644
--- a/app/objects/c_planner.py
+++ b/app/objects/c_planner.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class PlannerSchema(ma.Schema):
     stopping_conditions = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.Nested(FactSchema()))
     ignore_enforcement_modules = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.String())
     allow_repeatable_abilities = ma.fields.Boolean()
-    plugin = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
+    plugin = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
 
     @ma.post_load()
     def build_planner(self, data, **kwargs):
diff --git a/app/objects/c_source.py b/app/objects/c_source.py
index f0df44a0e..bcbcb451d 100644
--- a/app/objects/c_source.py
+++ b/app/objects/c_source.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class SourceSchema(ma.Schema):
     rules = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.Nested(RuleSchema))
     adjustments = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.Nested(AdjustmentSchema))
     relationships = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.Nested(RelationshipSchema))
-    plugin = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
+    plugin = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
 
     @ma.pre_load
     def fix_adjustments(self, in_data, **_):
diff --git a/app/objects/secondclass/c_executor.py b/app/objects/secondclass/c_executor.py
index f31d3d289..870a921d2 100644
--- a/app/objects/secondclass/c_executor.py
+++ b/app/objects/secondclass/c_executor.py
@@ -7,15 +7,15 @@
 
 
 class ExecutorSchema(ma.Schema):
-    name = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
-    platform = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
-    command = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
-    code = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
-    language = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
-    build_target = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
+    name = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
+    platform = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
+    command = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
+    code = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
+    language = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
+    build_target = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
     payloads = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.String())
     uploads = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.String())
-    timeout = ma.fields.Int(missing=60)
+    timeout = ma.fields.Int(load_default=60)
     parsers = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.Nested(ParserSchema()))
     cleanup = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.String())
     variations = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.Nested(VariationSchema()))
diff --git a/app/objects/secondclass/c_instruction.py b/app/objects/secondclass/c_instruction.py
index 342d618a5..c2121b48d 100644
--- a/app/objects/secondclass/c_instruction.py
+++ b/app/objects/secondclass/c_instruction.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ class InstructionSchema(ma.Schema):
     payloads = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.String())
     deadman = ma.fields.Boolean()
     uploads = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.Dict(keys=ma.fields.String(), values=ma.fields.String()))
-    delete_payload = ma.fields.Bool(missing=None)
+    delete_payload = ma.fields.Bool(load_default=None)
 
     @ma.post_load
     def build_instruction(self, data, **_):
diff --git a/app/objects/secondclass/c_link.py b/app/objects/secondclass/c_link.py
index 6b8218241..793dc34a0 100644
--- a/app/objects/secondclass/c_link.py
+++ b/app/objects/secondclass/c_link.py
@@ -25,15 +25,15 @@ class LinkSchema(ma.Schema):
     class Meta:
         unknown = ma.EXCLUDE
 
-    id = ma.fields.String(missing='')
+    id = ma.fields.String(load_default='')
     paw = ma.fields.String()
     command = ma.fields.String()
     plaintext_command = ma.fields.String()
-    status = ma.fields.Integer(missing=-3)
-    score = ma.fields.Integer(missing=0)
-    jitter = ma.fields.Integer(missing=0)
+    status = ma.fields.Integer(load_default=-3)
+    score = ma.fields.Integer(load_default=0)
+    jitter = ma.fields.Integer(load_default=0)
     decide = ma.fields.DateTime(format=BaseObject.TIME_FORMAT)
-    pin = ma.fields.Integer(missing=0)
+    pin = ma.fields.Integer(load_default=0)
     pid = ma.fields.String()
     facts = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.Nested(FactSchema()))
     relationships = ma.fields.List(ma.fields.Nested(RelationshipSchema()))
@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ class Meta:
     finish = ma.fields.String()
     ability = ma.fields.Nested(AbilitySchema())
     executor = ma.fields.Nested(ExecutorSchema())
-    cleanup = ma.fields.Integer(missing=0)
+    cleanup = ma.fields.Integer(load_default=0)
     visibility = ma.fields.Nested(VisibilitySchema())
-    host = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
+    host = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
     output = ma.fields.String()
     deadman = ma.fields.Boolean()
-    agent_reported_time = ma.fields.DateTime(format=BaseObject.TIME_FORMAT, missing=None)
+    agent_reported_time = ma.fields.DateTime(format=BaseObject.TIME_FORMAT, load_default=None)
 
     @ma.pre_load()
     def fix_ability(self, link, **_):
diff --git a/app/objects/secondclass/c_parserconfig.py b/app/objects/secondclass/c_parserconfig.py
index b67c5086e..030948b03 100644
--- a/app/objects/secondclass/c_parserconfig.py
+++ b/app/objects/secondclass/c_parserconfig.py
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ class Meta:
         unknown = ma.INCLUDE
 
     source = ma.fields.String()
-    edge = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
-    target = ma.fields.String(missing=None)
+    edge = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
+    target = ma.fields.String(load_default=None)
     custom_parser_vals = ma.fields.Dict(keys=ma.fields.String(), values=ma.fields.String())
 
     @ma.pre_load
diff --git a/app/objects/secondclass/c_result.py b/app/objects/secondclass/c_result.py
index b0790e42b..fa5b73bd3 100644
--- a/app/objects/secondclass/c_result.py
+++ b/app/objects/secondclass/c_result.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class ResultSchema(ma.Schema):
     exit_code = ma.fields.String()
     pid = ma.fields.String()
     status = ma.fields.String()
-    agent_reported_time = ma.fields.DateTime(format=BaseObject.TIME_FORMAT, missing=None)
+    agent_reported_time = ma.fields.DateTime(format=BaseObject.TIME_FORMAT, load_default=None)
 
     @ma.post_load
     def build_result(self, data, **_):