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lab_09.html
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<title>Lab 9 - Build a Hypermedia-Driven RESTful Web Service with Spring Data REST</title>
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</head>
<body class="article">
<div id="header">
<h1>Lab 9 - Build a Hypermedia-Driven RESTful Web Service with Spring Data REST</h1>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>In this lab we’ll utilize Spring Boot, Spring Data, and Spring Data REST to create a fully-functional hypermedia-driven RESTful web service. We’ll then deploy it to Cloud Foundry (using Pivotal Web Services).</p>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock note">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<div class="title">Note</div>
</td>
<td class="content">
The completed code for this lab can be found at <code>$COURSE_HOME/day_01/session_03/lab_09/complete/cities</code>.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_initializing_the_application">Initializing the Application</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>Change to the lab directory:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ cd $COURSE_HOME/day_01/session_03/lab_09/initial/cities</pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Optionally generate project files for your favorite IDE by running <code>./gradlew idea</code> or <code>./gradlew eclipse</code>. Then open the project in your editor or IDE of choice.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Add a runtime dependency on the <a href="http://hsqldb.org/">HyperSQL in-memory database</a> to <code>build.gradle</code>:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-groovy" data-lang="groovy">dependencies {
// ...
runtime("org.hsqldb:hsqldb")
}</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Create the package <code>org.example.cities.domain</code> and in that package create the class <code>City</code>. Into that file you can paste the following source code, which represents cities based on postal codes, global coordinates, etc:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java">@Entity
@Table(name="city")
public class City implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private long id;
@Column(nullable = false)
private String name;
@Column(nullable = false)
private String county;
@Column(nullable = false)
private String stateCode;
@Column(nullable = false)
private String postalCode;
@Column
private String latitude;
@Column
private String longitude;
public String getName() { return name; }
public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }
public String getPostalCode() { return postalCode; }
public void setPostalCode(String postalCode) { this.postalCode = postalCode; }
public long getId() { return id; }
public void setId(long id) { this.id = id; }
public String getStateCode() { return stateCode; }
public void setStateCode(String stateCode) { this.stateCode = stateCode; }
public String getCounty() { return county; }
public void setCounty(String county) { this.county = county; }
public String getLatitude() { return latitude; }
public void setLatitude(String latitude) { this.latitude = latitude; }
public String getLongitude() { return longitude; }
public void setLongitude(String longitude) { this.longitude = longitude; }
}</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Notice that we’re using JPA annotations on the class and its fields. You’ll need to use your IDE’s features to add the appropriate import statements.</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Create the package <code>org.example.cities.repositories</code> and in that package create the interface <code>CityRepository</code>. Paste the following code and add appropriate imports:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java">@RepositoryRestResource(collectionResourceRel = "cities", path = "cities")
public interface CityRepository extends PagingAndSortingRepository<City, Long> {
}</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Add JPA and REST Repository support to the <code>org.example.cities.Application</code> class that was generated by Spring Initializr.</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java">@SpringBootApplication
@EnableJpaRepositories // <---- Add this
@Import(RepositoryRestMvcConfiguration.class) // <---- And this
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Build the application:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">$ ./gradlew assemble</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Run the application:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">$ java -jar build/libs/cities-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Access the application using <code>curl</code>. You’ll see that the primary endpoint automatically exposes the ability to page, size, and sort the response JSON.</p>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>So what have you done? Created four small classes and one build file, resulting in a fully-functional REST microservice. The application’s <code>DataSource</code> is created automatically by Spring Boot using the in-memory database because no other <code>DataSource</code> was detected in the project.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">$ curl -i localhost:8080/cities
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
X-Application-Context: application
Content-Type: application/hal+json
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Date: Tue, 27 May 2014 19:34:45 GMT
{
"_links" : {
"self" : {
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/cities{?page,size,sort}",
"templated" : true
}
},
"page" : {
"size" : 20,
"totalElements" : 0,
"totalPages" : 0,
"number" : 0
}
}</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Next we’ll import some data.</p>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_importing_data">Importing Data</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>Add this <a href="https://github.com/cf-platform-eng/spring-boot-cities/blob/master/cities-service/src/main/resources/import.sql">import.sql file</a> to <code>src/main/resources</code>. This is a rather large dataset containing all of the postal codes in the United States and its territories. This file will automatically be picked up by Hibernate and imported into the in-memory database.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Build the application:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">$ ./gradlew assemble</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Run the application:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">$ java -jar build/libs/cities-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Access the application again using <code>curl</code>. Notice the appropriate hypermedia is included for <code>next</code>, <code>previous</code>, and <code>self</code>. You can also select pages and page size by utilizing <code>?size=n&page=n</code> on the URL string. Finally, you can sort the data utilizing <code>?sort=fieldName</code>.</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">$ curl -i localhost:8080/cities
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
X-Application-Context: application
Content-Type: application/hal+json
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Date: Tue, 27 May 2014 19:59:58 GMT
{
"_links" : {
"next" : {
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/cities?page=1&size=20"
},
"self" : {
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/cities{?page,size,sort}",
"templated" : true
}
},
"_embedded" : {
"cities" : [ {
"name" : "HOLTSVILLE",
"county" : "SUFFOLK",
"stateCode" : "NY",
"postalCode" : "00501",
"latitude" : "+40.922326",
"longitude" : "-072.637078",
"_links" : {
"self" : {
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/cities/1"
}
}
},
// ...
{
"name" : "CASTANER",
"county" : "LARES",
"stateCode" : "PR",
"postalCode" : "00631",
"latitude" : "+18.269187",
"longitude" : "-066.864993",
"_links" : {
"self" : {
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/cities/20"
}
}
} ]
},
"page" : {
"size" : 20,
"totalElements" : 42741,
"totalPages" : 2138,
"number" : 0
}
}</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Try the following <code>curl</code> statements to see how the application behaves:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">$ curl -i "localhost:8080/cities?size=5"
$ curl -i "localhost:8080/cities?size=5&page=3"
$ curl -i "localhost:8080/cities?sort=postalCode,desc"</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Next we’ll add searching capabilities.</p>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_adding_search">Adding Search</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>Let’s add some additional finder methods to <code>CityRepository</code>:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-java" data-lang="java">@RestResource(path = "name", rel = "name")
Page<City> findByNameIgnoreCase(@Param("q") String name, Pageable pageable);
@RestResource(path = "nameContains", rel = "nameContains")
Page<City> findByNameContainsIgnoreCase(@Param("q") String name, Pageable pageable);
@RestResource(path = "state", rel = "state")
Page<City> findByStateCodeIgnoreCase(@Param("q") String stateCode, Pageable pageable);
@RestResource(path = "postalCode", rel = "postalCode")
Page<City> findByPostalCode(@Param("q") String postalCode, Pageable pageable);</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Build the application:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">$ ./gradlew assemble</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Run the application:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">$ java -jar build/libs/cities-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Access the application again using <code>curl</code>. Notice that hypermedia for a new <code>search</code> endpoint has appeared.</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">$ curl -i "localhost:8080/cities"
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
X-Application-Context: application
Content-Type: application/hal+json
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Date: Tue, 27 May 2014 20:33:52 GMT
{
"_links" : {
"next" : {
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/cities?page=1&size=20"
},
"self" : {
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/cities{?page,size,sort}",
"templated" : true
},
"search" : {
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/cities/search"
}
},
// (Remainder omitted...)</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Access the new <code>search</code> endpoint using <code>curl</code>:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">$ curl -i "localhost:8080/cities/search"
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
X-Application-Context: application
Content-Type: application/hal+json
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Date: Tue, 27 May 2014 20:38:32 GMT
{
"_links" : {
"postalCode" : {
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/cities/search/postalCode{?q,page,size,sort}",
"templated" : true
},
"state" : {
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/cities/search/state{?q,page,size,sort}",
"templated" : true
},
"name" : {
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/cities/search/name{?q,page,size,sort}",
"templated" : true
},
"nameContains" : {
"href" : "http://localhost:8080/cities/search/nameContains{?q,page,size,sort}",
"templated" : true
}
}
}</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Note that we now have new search endpoints for each of the finders that we added.</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Try a few of these endpoints. Feel free to substitute your own values for the parameters.</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">$ curl -i "http://localhost:8080/cities/search/postalCode?q=75202"
$ curl -i "http://localhost:8080/cities/search/name?q=Boston"
$ curl -i "http://localhost:8080/cities/search/nameContains?q=Fort&size=1"</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_pushing_to_cloud_foundry">Pushing to Cloud Foundry</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>Create an application manifest in <code>manifest.yml</code>:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-yml" data-lang="yml">---
applications:
- name: cities
host: cities-${random-word}
memory: 512M
instances: 1
path: build/libs/cities-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
timeout: 180 # to give time for the data to import</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Push to Cloud Foundry:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">$ cf push
...
1 of 1 instances running
App started
Showing health and status for app cities...
OK
requested state: started
instances: 1/1
usage: 512M x 1 instances
urls: cities-undeliverable-iatrochemistry.cf.mycloud.com
state since cpu memory disk
#0 running 2014-05-27 04:15:05 PM 0.0% 433M of 512M 128.9M of 1G</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Access the application at the random route provided by CF:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">$ curl -i cities-undeliverable-iatrochemistry.cf.mycloud.com/cities</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<div id="footer-text">
Last updated 2015-06-13 15:39:17 EDT
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