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Cirrus-CI

Similar to other integrated github CI/CD services, Cirrus utilizes a simple YAML-based configuration/description file: .cirrus.yml. Ref: https://cirrus-ci.org/

Workflow

All tasks execute in parallel, unless there are conditions or dependencies which alter this behavior. Within each task, each script executes in sequence, so long as any previous script exited successfully. The overall state of each task (pass or fail) is set based on the exit status of the last script to execute.

gating Task

N/B: Steps below are performed by automation

  1. Launch a purpose-built container in Cirrus's community cluster. For container image details, please see the contributors guide.

  2. validate: Perform standard make validate source verification, Should run for less than a minute or two.

  3. lint: Execute regular make lint to check for any code cruft. Should also run for less than a few minutes.

  4. vendor: runs make vendor followed by ./hack/tree_status.sh to check whether the git tree is clean. The reasoning for that is to make sure that the vendor.conf, the code and the vendored packages in ./vendor are in sync at all times.

meta Task

N/B: Steps below are performed by automation

  1. Launch a container built from definition in ./contrib/imgts.

  2. Update VM Image metadata to help track usage across all automation.

  3. Always exits successfully unless there's a major problem.

testing Task

N/B: Steps below are performed by automation

  1. After gating passes, spin up one VM per matrix: image_name item. Once accessible, ssh into each VM as the root user.

  2. setup_environment.sh: Configure root's .bash_profile for all subsequent scripts (each run in a new shell). Any distribution-specific environment variables are also defined here. For example, setting tags/flags to use compiling.

  3. integration_test.sh: Execute integration-testing. This is much more involved, and relies on access to external resources like container images and code from other repositories. Total execution time is capped at 2-hours (includes all the above) but this script normally completes in less than an hour.

test_build_cache_images_task Task

Modifying the contents of cache-images is tested by making changes to one or more of the ./contrib/cirrus/packer/*_setup.sh files. Then in the PR description, add the magic string: ***CIRRUS: TEST IMAGES***

N/B: Steps below are performed by automation

  1. setup_environment.sh: Same as for other tasks.

  2. build_vm_images.sh: Utilize the packer tool to produce new VM images. Create a new VM from each base-image, connect to them with ssh, and perform the steps as defined by the $PACKER_BASE/libpod_images.yml file:

    1. On a base-image VM, as root, copy the current state of the repository into /tmp/libpod.
    2. Execute distribution-specific scripts to prepare the image for use. For example, fedora_setup.sh.
    3. If successful, shut down each VM and record the names, and dates into a json manifest file.
    4. Move the manifest file, into a google storage bucket object. This is a retained as a secondary method for tracking/auditing creation of VM images, should it ever be needed.

verify_test_built_images Task

Only runs following successful test_build_cache_images_task task. Uses images following the standard naming format; however, only runs a limited sub-set of automated tests. Validating newly built images fully, requires updating .cirrus.yml.

Manual Steps: Assuming verify_test_built_images passes, then you'll find the new image names displayed at the end of the test_build_cache_images_task in the build_vm_images output. For example:

...cut...
==> Builds finished. The artifacts of successful builds are:
--> ubuntu-18: A disk image was created: ubuntu-18-libpod-5699523102900224
--> ubuntu-18:
--> fedora-29: A disk image was created: fedora-29-libpod-5699523102900224
--> fedora-29:
--> fedora-28: A disk image was created: fedora-28-libpod-5699523102900224

Now edit .cirrus.yml, updating the *_IMAGE_NAME lines to reflect the images from above:

env:
    ...cut...
    ####
    #### Cache-image names to test with
    ###
    FEDORA_CACHE_IMAGE_NAME: "fedora-29-libpod-5699523102900224"
    PRIOR_FEDORA_CACHE_IMAGE_NAME: "fedora-28-libpod-5699523102900224"
    UBUNTU_CACHE_IMAGE_NAME: "ubuntu-18-libpod-5699523102900224"
    ...cut...

NOTE: If re-using the same PR with new images in .cirrus.yml, take care to also update the PR description to remove the magic ***CIRRUS: TEST IMAGES*** string. Keeping it and --force pushing would needlessly cause Cirrus-CI to build and test images again.

build_cache_images Task (Deprecated)

Exactly the same as test_build_cache_images_task task, but only runs on the master branch. Requires a magic string to be in the HEAD commit message: ***CIRRUS: BUILD IMAGES***

When successful, the manifest file along with all VM disks, are moved into a dedicated google storage bucket, separate from the one used by test_build_cache_images_task. These may be used to create new cache-images for PR testing by manually importing them as described above.

Base-images

Base-images are VM disk-images specially prepared for executing as GCE VMs. In particular, they run services on startup similar in purpose/function as the standard 'cloud-init' services.

  • The google services are required for full support of ssh-key management and GCE OAuth capabilities. Google provides native images in GCE with services pre-installed, for many platforms. For example, RHEL, CentOS, and Ubuntu.

  • Google does not provide any images for Fedora or Fedora Atomic Host (as of 11/2018), nor do they provide a base-image prepared to run packer for creating other images in the build_vm_images Task (above).

  • Base images do not need to be produced often, but doing so completely manually would be time-consuming and error-prone. Therefor a special semi-automatic Makefile target is provided to assist with producing all the base-images: libpod_base_images

To produce new base-images, including an image-builder-image (used by the cache_images Task) some input parameters are required:

  • GCP_PROJECT_ID: The complete GCP project ID string e.g. foobar-12345 identifying where the images will be stored.

  • GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS: A JSON file containing credentials for a GCE service account. This can be a service account or end-user credentials

  • Optionally, CSV's may be specified to PACKER_BUILDS to limit the base-images produced. For example, PACKER_BUILDS=fedora,image-builder-image.

If there is an existing 'image-builder-image' within GCE, it may be utilized to produce base-images (in addition to cache-images). However it must be created with support for nested-virtualization, and with elevated cloud privileges (to access GCE, from within the GCE VM). For example:

$ alias pgcloud='sudo podman run -it --rm -e AS_ID=$UID
    -e AS_USER=$USER -v $HOME:$HOME:z quay.io/cevich/gcloud_centos:latest'

$ URL=https://www.googleapis.com/auth
$ SCOPES=$URL/userinfo.email,$URL/compute,$URL/devstorage.full_control

# The --min-cpu-platform is critical for nested-virt.
$ pgcloud compute instances create $USER-making-images \
    --image-family image-builder-image \
    --boot-disk-size "200GB" \
    --min-cpu-platform "Intel Haswell" \
    --machine-type n1-standard-2 \
    --scopes $SCOPES

Alternatively, if there is no image-builder-image available yet, a bare-metal CentOS 7 machine with network access to GCE is required. Software dependencies can be obtained from the packer/image-builder-image_base_setup.sh script.

In both cases, the following can be used to setup and build base-images.

$ IP_ADDRESS=1.2.3.4  # EXTERNAL_IP from command output above
$ rsync -av $PWD centos@$IP_ADDRESS:.
$ scp $GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS centos@$IP_ADDRESS:.
$ ssh centos@$IP_ADDRESS
...

When ready, change to the packer sub-directory, and build the images:

$ cd libpod/contrib/cirrus/packer
$ make libpod_base_images GCP_PROJECT_ID=<VALUE> \
    GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=<VALUE> \
    PACKER_BUILDS=<OPTIONAL>

Assuming this is successful (hence the semi-automatic part), packer will produce a packer-manifest.json output file. This contains the base-image names suitable for updating in .cirrus.yml, env keys *_BASE_IMAGE.

On failure, it should be possible to determine the problem from the packer output. Sometimes that means setting PACKER_LOG=1 and troubleshooting the nested virt calls. It's also possible to observe the (nested) qemu-kvm console output. Simply set the TTYDEV parameter, for example:

$ make libpod_base_images ... TTYDEV=$(tty)
  ...