pdu.c

/*
   Copyright (C) 2010 bg <bg_one@mail.ru>
*/
#include "ast_config.h"

#include <errno.h>			/* EINVAL ENOMEM E2BIG */

#include "pdu.h"
#include "helpers.h"			/* dial_digit_code() */
#include "char_conv.h"			/* utf8_to_hexstr_ucs2() */

/* SMS-SUBMIT format
	SCA		1..12 octet(s)		Service Center Address information element
	  octets
	        1		Length of Address (minimal 0)
	        2		Type of Address
	    3  12		Address

	PDU-type	1 octet			Protocol Data Unit Type
	  bits
	      1 0 MTI	Message Type Indicator Parameter describing the message type 00 means SMS-DELIVER 01 means SMS-SUBMIT
				0 0	SMS-DELIVER (SMSC ==> MS)
						or
					SMS-DELIVER REPORT (MS ==> SMSC, is generated automatically by the MOBILE, after receiving a SMS-DELIVER)

				0 1	SMS-SUBMIT (MS ==> SMSC)
						or
					SMS-SUBMIT REPORT (SMSC ==> MS)

				1 0	SMS-STATUS REPORT (SMSC ==> MS)
						or
					SMS-COMMAND (MS ==> SMSC)
				1 1	Reserved

		2 RD	Reject Duplicate
				0    Instruct the SMSC to accept an SMS-SUBMIT for an short message still
					held in the SMSC which has the same MR and
				1    Instruct the SMSC to reject an SMS-SUBMIT for an short message still
					held in the SMSC which has the same MR and DA as a previosly
					submitted short message from the same OA.

	      4 3 VPF	Validity Period Format	Parameter indicating whether or not the VP field is present
	      			0 0	VP field is not present
	      			0 1	Reserved
	      			1 0	VP field present an integer represented (relative)
	      			1 1	VP field present an semi-octet represented (absolute)

		5 SRR	Status Report Request Parameter indicating if the MS has requested a status report
				0	A status report is not requested
				1	A status report is requested

		6 UDHI	User Data Header Indicator Parameter indicating that the UD field contains a header
				0	The UD field contains only the short message
				1	The beginning of the UD field contains a header in addition of the short message
		7 RP	Reply Path Parameter indicating that Reply Path exists
				0	Reply Path parameter is not set in this PDU
				1	Reply Path parameter is set in this PDU

	MR		1 octet		Message Reference
						The MR field gives an integer (0..255) representation of a reference number of the SMSSUBMIT submitted to the SMSC by the MS.
						! notice: at the MOBILE the MR is generated automatically, -anyway you have to generate it a possible entry is for example ”00H” !
	DA		2-12 octets	Destination Address
	  octets
		1	Length of Address (of BCD digits!)
		2	Type of Address
	     3 12	Address
	PID		1 octet		Protocol Identifier
						The PID is the information element by which the Transport Layer either refers to the higher
						layer protocol being used, or indicates interworking with a certain type of telematic device.
						here are some examples of PID codings:
		00H: The PDU has to be treat as a short message
		41H: Replace Short Message Type1
		  ....
		47H: Replace Short Message Type7
					Another description:

		Bit7 bit6 (bit 7 = 0, bit 6 = 0)
		l 0 0 Assign bits 0..5, the values are defined as follows.
		l 1 0 Assign bits 0..5, the values are defined as follows.
		l 0 1 Retain
		l 1 1 Assign bits 0..5 for special use of SC
		Bit5 values:
		l 0: No interworking, but SME-to-SME protocol
		l 1: Telematic interworking (in this situation , value of bits4...0 is
		valid)
		Interface Description for HUAWEI EV-DO Data Card AT Commands
		All rights reserved Page 73 , Total 140
		Bit4...Bit0: telematic devices type identifier. If the value is 1 0 0 1 0, it
		indicates email. Other values are not supported currently.


	DCS		1 octet			Data Coding Scheme

	VP		0,1,7 octet(s)		Validity Period
	UDL		1 octet			User Data Length
	UD		0-140 octets		User Data
*/

/* SMS-DELIVER format
	SCA		1..12 octet(s)		Service Center Address information element
	  octets
	        1		Length of Address (minimal 0)
	        2		Type of Address
	    3  12		Address

	PDU-type	1 octet			Protocol Data Unit Type
	  bits
	      1 0 MTI	Message Type Indicator Parameter describing the message type 00 means SMS-DELIVER 01 means SMS-SUBMIT
				0 0	SMS-DELIVER (SMSC ==> MS)
						or
					SMS-DELIVER REPORT (MS ==> SMSC, is generated automatically by the MOBILE, after receiving a SMS-DELIVER)

				0 1	SMS-SUBMIT (MS ==> SMSC)
						or
					SMS-SUBMIT REPORT (SMSC ==> MS)

				1 0	SMS-STATUS REPORT (SMSC ==> MS)
						or
					SMS-COMMAND (MS ==> SMSC)
				1 1	Reserved

		2 MMS	More Messages to Send	Parameter indicating whether or not there are more messages to send
				0 More messages are waiting for the MS in the SMSC
				1 No more messages are waiting for the MS in the SMSC
	      4 3 Reserved

		5 SRI	Status Report Indication	Parameter indicating if the SME has requested a status report
				0 A status report will not be returned to the SME
				1 A status report will be returned to the SME

		6 UDHI	User Data Header Indicator Parameter indicating that the UD field contains a header
				0	The UD field contains only the short message
				1	The beginning of the UD field contains a header in addition of the short message
		7 RP	Reply Path Parameter indicating that Reply Path exists
				0	Reply Path parameter is not set in this PDU
				1	Reply Path parameter is set in this PDU

	OA		2-12 octets	Originator Address
	  octets
		1	Length of Address (of BCD digits!)
		2	Type of Address
	     3 12	Address
	PID		1 octet		Protocol Identifier
						The PID is the information element by which the Transport Layer either refers to the higher
						layer protocol being used, or indicates interworking with a certain type of telematic device.
						here are some examples of PID codings:
		00H: The PDU has to be treat as a short message
		41H: Replace Short Message Type1
		  ....
		47H: Replace Short Message Type7
					Another description:

		Bit7 bit6 (bit 7 = 0, bit 6 = 0)
		l 0 0 Assign bits 0..5, the values are defined as follows.
		l 1 0 Assign bits 0..5, the values are defined as follows.
		l 0 1 Retain
		l 1 1 Assign bits 0..5 for special use of SC
		Bit5 values:
		l 0: No interworking, but SME-to-SME protocol
		l 1: Telematic interworking (in this situation , value of bits4...0 is
		valid)
		Interface Description for HUAWEI EV-DO Data Card AT Commands
		All rights reserved Page 73 , Total 140
		Bit4...Bit0: telematic devices type identifier. If the value is 1 0 0 1 0, it
		indicates email. Other values are not supported currently.


	DCS		1 octet			Data Coding Scheme

	SCTS		7 octets		Service Center Time Stamp
	UDL		1 octet			User Data Length
	UD		0-140 octets		User Data, may be prepended by User Data Header see UDHI flag
	    octets
	    	1 opt UDHL	Total number of Octets in UDH
	    	? IEIa
	    	? IEIDLa
	    	? IEIDa
	    	? IEIb
		  ...
*/

/* Address octets: 0=length_in_nibbles, 1=EXT/TON/NPI, 2..11=address
 * (destination address (TP-DA), originator address (TP-OA) and recipient address (TP-RA))
 * EXT: bit7: 1 "no extension"
 * TON: bit6..4: see below
 * NPI: bit3..0: see below
 * Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSM_03.40 */
#define TP_A_EXT		(1 << 7)
#define TP_A_EXT_NOEXT		(1 << 7)
#define TP_A_TON		(7 << 4)
#define TP_A_TON_UNKNOWN	(0 << 4)
#define TP_A_TON_INTERNATIONAL	(1 << 4)
#define TP_A_TON_NATIONAL	(2 << 4)
#define TP_A_TON_NETSPECIFIC	(3 << 4)
#define TP_A_TON_SUBSCRIBERNUM	(4 << 4)
#define TP_A_TON_ALPHANUMERIC	(5 << 4)
#define TP_A_TON_ABBREVIATEDNUM	(6 << 4)
#define TP_A_TON_RESERVED	(7 << 4)
#define TP_A_NPI		(15 << 0)
#define TP_A_NPI_UNKNOWN	(0 << 0)
#define TP_A_NPI_TEL_E164_E163	(1 << 0)
#define TP_A_NPI_TELEX		(3 << 0)
#define TP_A_NPI_SVCCENTR_SPEC1	(4 << 0)
#define TP_A_NPI_SVCCENTR_SPEC2	(5 << 0)
#define TP_A_NPI_NATIONALNUM	(8 << 0)
#define TP_A_NPI_PRIVATENUM	(9 << 0)
#define TP_A_NPI_ERMESNUM	(10 << 0)
#define TP_A_NPI_RESERVED	(15 << 0)
#define NUMBER_TYPE_INTERNATIONAL	(TP_A_EXT_NOEXT | TP_A_TON_INTERNATIONAL | TP_A_NPI_TEL_E164_E163) /* 0x91 */
#define NUMBER_TYPE_NATIONAL		(TP_A_EXT_NOEXT | TP_A_TON_SUBSCRIBERNUM | TP_A_NPI_NATIONALNUM) /* 0xC8 */
#define NUMBER_TYPE_ALPHANUMERIC	(TP_A_EXT_NOEXT | TP_A_TON_ALPHANUMERIC | TP_A_NPI_UNKNOWN) /* 0xD0 */

/* Message Type Indicator Parameter */
#define PDUTYPE_MTI_SHIFT			0
#define PDUTYPE_MTI_SMS_DELIVER			(0x00 << PDUTYPE_MTI_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_MTI_SMS_DELIVER_REPORT		(0x00 << PDUTYPE_MTI_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_MTI_SMS_SUBMIT			(0x01 << PDUTYPE_MTI_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_MTI_SMS_SUBMIT_REPORT		(0x01 << PDUTYPE_MTI_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_MTI_SMS_STATUS_REPORT		(0x02 << PDUTYPE_MTI_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_MTI_SMS_COMMAND			(0x02 << PDUTYPE_MTI_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_MTI_RESERVED			(0x03 << PDUTYPE_MTI_SHIFT)

#define PDUTYPE_MTI_MASK			(0x03 << PDUTYPE_MTI_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_MTI(pdutype)			((pdutype) & PDUTYPE_MTI_MASK)

/* Reject Duplicate */
#define PDUTYPE_RD_SHIFT			2
#define PDUTYPE_RD_ACCEPT			(0x00 << PDUTYPE_RD_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_RD_REJECT			(0x01 << PDUTYPE_RD_SHIFT)

/* Validity Period Format */
#define PDUTYPE_VPF_SHIFT			3
#define PDUTYPE_VPF_NOT_PRESENT			(0x00 << PDUTYPE_VPF_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_VPF_RESERVED			(0x01 << PDUTYPE_VPF_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_VPF_RELATIVE			(0x02 << PDUTYPE_VPF_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_VPF_ABSOLUTE			(0x03 << PDUTYPE_VPF_SHIFT)

/* Status Report Request */
#define PDUTYPE_SRR_SHIFT			5
#define PDUTYPE_SRR_NOT_REQUESTED		(0x00 << PDUTYPE_SRR_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_SRR_REQUESTED			(0x01 << PDUTYPE_SRR_SHIFT)

/* User Data Header Indicator */
#define PDUTYPE_UDHI_SHIFT			6
#define PDUTYPE_UDHI_NO_HEADER			(0x00 << PDUTYPE_UDHI_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_UDHI_HAS_HEADER			(0x01 << PDUTYPE_UDHI_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_UDHI_MASK			(0x01 << PDUTYPE_UDHI_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_UDHI(pdutype)			((pdutype) & PDUTYPE_UDHI_MASK)

/* eply Path Parameter */
#define PDUTYPE_RP_SHIFT			7
#define PDUTYPE_RP_IS_NOT_SET			(0x00 << PDUTYPE_RP_SHIFT)
#define PDUTYPE_RP_IS_SET			(0x01 << PDUTYPE_RP_SHIFT)

#define PDU_MESSAGE_REFERENCE			0x00		/* assigned by MS */

#define PDU_PID_SMS				0x00		/* bit5 No interworking, but SME-to-SME protocol = SMS */
#define PDU_PID_EMAIL				0x32		/* bit5 Telematic interworking, bits 4..0 0x 12  = email */
#define PDU_PID_SMS_REPLACE_MASK		0x40		/* bit7 Replace Short Message function activated (TP-PID = 0x41 to 0x47) */

/*   bits 3..2  */
#define PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_SHIFT			2
#define PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_7BIT			(0x00 << PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_SHIFT)
#define PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_8BIT			(0x01 << PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_SHIFT)
#define PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_UCS2			(0x02 << PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_SHIFT)
#define PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_MASK			(0x03 << PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_SHIFT)
#define PDU_DCS_ALPHABET(dcs)			((dcs) & PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_MASK)

#define ROUND_UP2(x)				(((x) + 1) & (0xFFFFFFFF << 1))
#define LENGTH2OCTETS(x)			(((x) + 1)/2)

#/* get digit code, 0 if invalid  */
EXPORT_DEF char pdu_digit2code(char digit)
{
	switch(digit)
	{
		case '0':
		case '1':
		case '2':
		case '3':
		case '4':
		case '5':
		case '6':
		case '7':
		case '8':
		case '9':
			break;
		case '*':
			digit = 'A';
			break;
		case '#':
			digit = 'B';
			break;
		case 'a':
		case 'A':
			digit = 'C';
			break;
		case 'b':
		case 'B':
			digit = 'D';
			break;
		case 'c':
		case 'C':
			digit = 'E';
			break;
		default:
			return 0;
	}
	return digit;
}

#/* */
static char pdu_code2digit(char code)
{
	switch(code)
	{
		case '0':
		case '1':
		case '2':
		case '3':
		case '4':
		case '5':
		case '6':
		case '7':
		case '8':
		case '9':
			break;
		case 'a':
		case 'A':
			code = '*';
			break;
		case 'b':
		case 'B':
			code = '#';
			break;
		case 'c':
		case 'C':
			code = 'A';
			break;
		case 'd':
		case 'D':
			code = 'B';
			break;
		case 'e':
		case 'E':
			code = 'C';
			break;
		case 'f':
		case 'F':
			code = 0;
			break;
		default:
			return -1;
	}
	return code;
}

#/* convert minutes to relative VP value */
static int pdu_relative_validity(unsigned minutes)
{
#define DIV_UP(x,y)	(((x)+(y)-1)/(y))
/*
	0 ... 143  (vp + 1) * 5 minutes				   5  ...   720		m = (vp + 1) * 5		m / 5 - 1 = vp
	144...167  12 hours + (vp - 143) * 30 minutes		 750  ...  1440		m = 720 + (vp - 143) * 30	(m - 720) / 30 + 143 = m / 30 + 119
	168...196  (vp - 166) * 1 day				2880  ... 43200		m = (vp - 166) * 1440		(m / 1440) + 166
	197...255  (vp - 192) * 1 week			       50400  ...635040		m = (vp - 192) * 10080		(m / 10080) + 192
*/
	int validity;
	if(minutes <= 720)
		validity = DIV_UP(minutes, 5) - 1;
	else if(minutes <= 1440)
		validity = DIV_UP(minutes, 30) + 119;
	else if(minutes <= 43200)
		validity = DIV_UP(minutes, 1440) + 166;
	else if(minutes <= 635040)
		validity = DIV_UP(minutes, 10080) + 192;
	else
		validity = 0xFF;
	return validity;
#undef DIV_UP
}

#/* convert 2 hex digits of PDU to byte, return < 0 on error */
static int pdu_parse_byte(char ** digits2hex, size_t * length)
{
	int res = -1;
	int res2;

	if(*length >= 2)
	{
		res = parse_hexdigit(*digits2hex[0]);
		if(res >= 0)
		{
			(*digits2hex)++;
			(*length)--;
			res2 = parse_hexdigit(*digits2hex[0]);
			if(res2 >= 0)
			{
				(*digits2hex)++;
				(*length)--;
				return (res << 4) | res2;
			}
		}
	}
	return res;
}

/*!
 * \brief Store number in PDU
 * \param buffer -- pointer to place where number will be stored, CALLER MUST be provide length + 2 bytes of buffer
 * \param number -- phone number w/o leading '+'
 * \param length -- length of number
 * \return number of bytes written to buffer
 */
static int pdu_store_number(char* buffer, const char* number, unsigned length)
{
	int i;
	for(i = 0; length > 1; length -=2, i +=2)
	{
		buffer[i] = pdu_digit2code(number[i + 1]);
		buffer[i + 1] = pdu_digit2code(number[i]);
	}

	if(length)
	{
		buffer[i] = 'F';
		buffer[i+1] = pdu_digit2code(number[i]);
		i += 2;
	}
	return i;
}

/*
failed parse 07 91  97 62 02 00 01 F9  44  14 D0 F7 FB DD D5 2E 9F C3 E6 B7 1B  0008117050815073618C0500037A020100680066006C0067006800200066006800670020006800640066006A006C006700680066006400680067000A002F00200415043604350434043D04350432043D044B04390020043B04380447043D044B043900200433043E0440043E0441043A043E043F003A0020002A003500300035002300360023002000200028003300200440002F0441

                                              ^^  not a international format
failed parse 07 91  97 30 07 11 11 F1  04  14 D0 D9B09B5CC637DFEE721E0008117020616444617E041A043E04340020043F043E04340442043204350440043604340435043D0438044F003A00200036003900320037002E0020041D0438043A043E043C04430020043D043500200441043E043E043104490430043904420435002C002004320432043504340438044204350020043D0430002004410430043904420435002E
                                              ^^  not a international format
*/
#/* reverse of pdu_store_number() */
static int pdu_parse_number(char ** pdu, size_t * pdu_length, unsigned digits, int * toa, char * number, size_t num_len)
{
	const char * begin;
	unsigned syms;
	char digit;

	if (num_len < digits + 1) {
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	begin = *pdu;
	*toa = pdu_parse_byte(pdu, pdu_length);
	if (*toa < 0) {
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	syms = ROUND_UP2(digits);
	if (syms > *pdu_length) {
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	if ((*toa & TP_A_TON) == TP_A_TON_ALPHANUMERIC) {
		/* NPI should be TP_A_NPI_UNKNOWN but has also been
		 * seen as TP_A_NPI_TEL_E164_E163 */
		for(; syms > 0; syms--, *pdu += 1, *pdu_length -= 1)
			*number++ = pdu[0][0];
		return *pdu - begin;
	}

	if ((*toa & TP_A_TON) == TP_A_TON_INTERNATIONAL) {
		*number++ = '+';
	}
	for (; syms > 0; syms -= 2, *pdu += 2, *pdu_length -= 2) {
		digit = pdu_code2digit(pdu[0][1]);
		if (digit <= 0) {
			return -1;
		}
		*number++ = digit;

		digit = pdu_code2digit(pdu[0][0]);
		if ((signed char)digit < 0 || (digit == 0 && (syms != 2 || (digits & 0x1) == 0))) {
			return -1;
		}

		*number++ = digit;
	}
	if ((digits & 0x1) == 0) {
		*number = 0;
	}

	return *pdu - begin;
}


#/* return bytes (not octets!) of pdu occupied by SCA or <0 on errors */
EXPORT_DEF int pdu_parse_sca(char ** pdu, size_t * length)
{
	/* get length of SCA field */
	int sca_len = pdu_parse_byte(pdu, length);

	if(sca_len >= 0)
	{
		sca_len *= 2;
		if((size_t)sca_len <= *length)
		{
			*pdu += sca_len;
			*length -= sca_len;

			/* TODO: Parse SCA Address */
			return sca_len + 2;
		}
	}
	return -EINVAL;
}

#/* TODO: implement */
static int pdu_parse_timestamp(char ** pdu, size_t * length)
{
	if(*length >= 14)
	{
		*pdu += 14;
		*length -= 14;
		return 14;
	}
	return -EINVAL;
}

#/* TODO: remove / TODO: append 8 bit */
static int check_encoding(const char* msg, unsigned length)
{
	str_encoding_t possible_enc = get_encoding(RECODE_ENCODE, msg, length);
	if(possible_enc == STR_ENCODING_7BIT_HEX_PAD_0)
		return PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_7BIT;
	return PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_UCS2;
}

/*!
 * \brief Build PDU text for SMS
 * \param buffer -- pointer to place where PDU will be stored
 * \param length -- length of buffer
 * \param sca -- number of SMS center may be with leading '+' in International format
 * \param dst -- destination number for SMS may be with leading '+' in International format
 * \param msg -- SMS message in utf-8
 * \param valid_minutes -- Validity period
 * \param srr -- Status Report Request
 * \param sca_len -- pointer where length of SCA header (in bytes) will be stored
 * \return number of bytes written to buffer w/o trailing 0x1A or 0, -ENOMEM if buffer too short, -EINVAL on iconv recode errors, -E2BIG if message too long
 */
#/* */
EXPORT_DEF int pdu_build(char* buffer, size_t length, const char* sca, const char* dst, const char* msg, unsigned valid_minutes, int srr)
{
	char tmp;
	int len = 0;
	int data_len;

	int sca_toa = NUMBER_TYPE_INTERNATIONAL;
	int dst_toa = NUMBER_TYPE_INTERNATIONAL;
	int pdutype = PDUTYPE_MTI_SMS_SUBMIT | PDUTYPE_RD_ACCEPT | PDUTYPE_VPF_RELATIVE | PDUTYPE_SRR_NOT_REQUESTED | PDUTYPE_UDHI_NO_HEADER | PDUTYPE_RP_IS_NOT_SET;
	int dcs;

	unsigned dst_len;
	unsigned sca_len;
	unsigned msg_len;

	/* detect msg encoding and use 7Bit or UCS-2, not use 8Bit */
	msg_len = strlen(msg);
	dcs = check_encoding(msg, msg_len);

	/* cannot exceed 140 octets for not compressed or cannot exceed 160 septets for compressed */
#if 0
	if (((PDU_DCS_ALPHABET(dcs) == PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_UCS2) && msg_len > 70) ||
			(PDU_DCS_ALPHABET(dcs) == PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_8BIT && msg_len > 140) ||
			msg_len > 160) {
		return -E2BIG;
	}
#endif
	if(sca[0] == '+')
		sca++;

	if(dst[0] == '+')
		dst++;

	/* count length of strings */
	sca_len = strlen(sca);
	dst_len = strlen(dst);

	/* check buffer has enougth space */
	if(length < ((sca_len == 0 ? 2 : 4 + ROUND_UP2(sca_len)) + 8 + ROUND_UP2(dst_len) + 8 + msg_len * 4 + 4))
		return -ENOMEM;

	/* SCA Length */
	/* Type-of-address of the SMSC */
	/* Address of SMSC */
	if(sca_len)
	{
		len += snprintf(buffer + len, length - len, "%02X%02X", 1 + LENGTH2OCTETS(sca_len), sca_toa);
		len += pdu_store_number(buffer + len, sca, sca_len);
	}
	else
	{
		buffer[len++] = '0';
		buffer[len++] = '0';
	}
	sca_len = len;

	if(srr)
		pdutype |= PDUTYPE_SRR_REQUESTED;

	/* PDU-type */
	/* TP-Message-Reference. The "00" value here lets the phone set the message reference number itself */
	/* Address-Length */
	/* Type-of-address of the sender number */
	len += snprintf(buffer + len, length - len, "%02X%02X%02X%02X", pdutype, PDU_MESSAGE_REFERENCE, dst_len, dst_toa);

	/*  Destination address */
	len += pdu_store_number(buffer + len, dst, dst_len);

	/* forward TP-User-Data */
	data_len = str_recode(
		RECODE_ENCODE,
		(dcs == PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_UCS2 ? STR_ENCODING_UCS2_HEX : STR_ENCODING_7BIT_HEX_PAD_0),
		msg, msg_len, buffer + len + 8, length - len - 11);
	if(data_len < 0)
	{
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	else if(data_len > 160 * 2)
	{
		return -E2BIG;
	}

	/* calc UDL */
	if(dcs == PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_UCS2)
		msg_len = data_len / 2;

	/* TP-PID. Protocol identifier  */
	/* TP-DCS. Data coding scheme */
	/* TP-Validity-Period */
	/* TP-User-Data-Length */
	tmp = buffer[len + 8];
	len += snprintf(buffer + len, length - len, "%02X%02X%02X%02X", PDU_PID_SMS, dcs, pdu_relative_validity(valid_minutes), msg_len);
	buffer[len] = tmp;

	len += data_len;

	/* also check message limit in 178 octets of TPDU (w/o SCA) */
	if(len - sca_len > 178 * 2)
	{
		return -E2BIG;
	}

	return len;
}


#/* */
static str_encoding_t pdu_dcs_alphabet2encoding(int alphabet)
{
	str_encoding_t rv = STR_ENCODING_UNKNOWN;

	alphabet >>= PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_SHIFT;
	switch(alphabet)
	{
		case (PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_7BIT >> PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_SHIFT):
			rv = STR_ENCODING_7BIT_HEX_PAD_0;
			break;
		case (PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_8BIT >> PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_SHIFT):
			rv = STR_ENCODING_8BIT_HEX;
			break;
		case (PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_UCS2 >> PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_SHIFT):
			rv = STR_ENCODING_UCS2_HEX;
			break;
	}

	return rv;
}

/*!
 * \brief Parse PDU
 * \param pdu -- SCA + TPDU
 * \param tpdu_length -- length of TPDU in octets
 * \return 0 on success
 */
/* TODO: split long function */
EXPORT_DEF const char * pdu_parse(char ** pdu, size_t tpdu_length, char * oa, size_t oa_len, str_encoding_t * oa_enc, char ** msg, str_encoding_t * msg_enc)
{
	size_t pdu_length = strlen(*pdu);
	int field_len, pdu_type, oa_digits, oa_toa, pid, dcs, alphabet, ts, udl, udhl;

	/* set msg as NULL until the end */
	*msg = NULL;

	/* decode SCA */
	field_len = pdu_parse_sca(pdu, &pdu_length);
	if (field_len <= 0) {
		return "Can't parse SCA";
	}

	if (tpdu_length * 2 > pdu_length) {
		return "TPDU length not matched with actual length";
	}

	/* update length, if any */
	(*pdu)[pdu_length = (tpdu_length * 2)] = 0;

	pdu_type = pdu_parse_byte(pdu, &pdu_length);
	if (pdu_type < 0) {
		return "Can't parse PDU Type";
	}

	/* TODO: also handle PDUTYPE_MTI_SMS_SUBMIT_REPORT and PDUTYPE_MTI_SMS_STATUS_REPORT */
	if (PDUTYPE_MTI(pdu_type) == PDUTYPE_MTI_SMS_STATUS_REPORT)
	{
		const char *ret = NULL;
		int reference = pdu_parse_byte(pdu, &pdu_length);
		/* Skip over 8 bytes TP-DA */
		if (reference >= 0 && pdu_length >= 8) {
			(*pdu) += 8;
			pdu_length -= 8;
			/* Skip over 7 bytes timestamp TP-SCTS */
			if (pdu_parse_timestamp(pdu, &pdu_length) >= 0 &&
					/* Skip over 7 bytes timestamp TP-DT */
					pdu_parse_timestamp(pdu, &pdu_length) >= 0) {
				int tp_status = pdu_parse_byte(pdu, &pdu_length);
				if ((tp_status & 0xf) == 0) {
					ret = (void*)0x1; /* HACK! */
					*msg = (char*)(ssize_t)reference; /* HACK! */
				} else {
					ret = "Good report, but delivery failed";
				}
			} else {
				ret = "FIXME error 1";
			}
		} else {
			ret = "FIXME error 2";
		}
		return ret;
	}
	if (PDUTYPE_MTI(pdu_type) != PDUTYPE_MTI_SMS_DELIVER) {
		*pdu -= 2;
		return "Unhandled PDU Type MTI only SMS-DELIVER/SMS-STATUS-REPORT supported";
	}

	oa_digits = pdu_parse_byte(pdu, &pdu_length);
	if (oa_digits <= 0) {
		return "Can't parse length of OA";
	}

	field_len = pdu_parse_number(pdu, &pdu_length, oa_digits, &oa_toa, oa, oa_len);
	if (field_len < 0) {
		return "Can't parse OA";
	}

	pid = pdu_parse_byte(pdu, &pdu_length);
	*oa_enc = STR_ENCODING_7BIT;
	if ((oa_toa & TP_A_TON) == TP_A_TON_ALPHANUMERIC) {
		*oa_enc = STR_ENCODING_7BIT_HEX_PAD_0;
	}

	if (pid < 0) {
		return "Can't parse PID";
	}

	if (pid != PDU_PID_SMS && !(0x41 <= pid && pid <= 0x47) /* PDU_PID_SMS_REPLACE_MASK */) {
		/* 3GPP TSS 23.040 v14.0.0 (2017-013) */
		/* """The MS (Mobile Station, _we_) shall interpret
		 * reserved, obsolete, or unsupported values as the
		 * value 00000000 but shall store them exactly as
		 * received.""" */
		/* Lots of small variations in interpretations, but none
		 * really useful to us. We'll just go with accepting
		 * everything. */
		/* A handfull from the list: */
		/* 0x20..0x3E: different "telematic" devices */
		/* 0x32: e-mail */
		/* 0x38..0x3E: various Service Center specific codes */
		/* 0x3F: gsm/umts station */
		/* 0x40: silent sms; ME should ack but not tell the user */
		/* 0x41..0x47: sms updates (replacing the previous sms #N) */
		ast_log(LOG_NOTICE, "Treating TP-PID value 0x%hhx as regular SMS\n",
			(unsigned char)pid);
	}

	dcs = pdu_parse_byte(pdu, &pdu_length);
	if (dcs < 0) {
		return "Can't parse DSC";
	}
	/* http://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_gts/03/0338/05.00.00_60/gsmts_0338v050000p.pdf */
	/* The TP-Data-Coding-Scheme field, defined in GSM 03.40,
	 * indicates the data coding scheme of the TP-UD field, and may
	 * indicate a message class. The octet is used according to a
	 * coding group which is indicated in bits 7..4. The octet is
	 * then coded as follows: */
	{
		int dcs_hi = dcs >> 4;
		int dcs_lo = dcs & 0xF;
		int reserved = 0;
		alphabet = -1; /* 7bit, 8bit, ucs2 */

		switch (dcs_hi) {
		case 0x0: /* HIGH 0000: Regular message */
		case 0x1: /* HIGH 0001: Regular message with class */
		case 0x4: /* HIGH 0100: Marked for self-destruct */
		case 0x5: /* HIGH 0101: Marked for self-destruct with class */
		case 0xF: /* HIGH 1111: Data coding/message class */
			/* Apparently bits 0..3 are not reserved anymore:
			 * bits 3..2: {7bit, 8bit, ucs2, undef} */
			alphabet = PDU_DCS_ALPHABET(dcs);
			/* Bits 3..2 set to 11 is reserved, but
			 * according to 3GPP TS 23.038 v14.0.0 (2017-03)
			 * for HIGH 1111 bit 3 (regardless of bit 2) is
			 * reserved. */
			if (alphabet == PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_MASK) {
				reserved = 1;
			}
			/* if 0x1 || 0xF then (dsc_lo & 3): {
			 *     class0, class1-ME-specific,
			 *     class2-SIM-specific,
			 *     class3-TE-specific (3GPP TS 27.005)} */
			break;
		case 0x2: /* HIGH 0010: Compressed regular message */
		case 0x3: /* HIGH 0011: Compressed regular with class */
		case 0x6: /* HIGH 0110: Compressed, marked for self-destruct */
		case 0x7: /* HIGH 0111: Compressed, marked for self-destruct with class */
			return "Compression not implemented";
		case 0xC: /* HIGH 1100: "Discard" MWI */
		case 0xD: /* HIGH 1101: "Store" MWI */
			/* if 0xC then the recipient may discard message
			 * contents, and only show notification */
			/*inactive_active = (dcs_lo & 8);*/
			reserved = (dcs_lo & 4); /* bit 2 reserved */
			/* (dsc_lo & 3): {VM, Fax, E-mail, Other} */
			break;
		default:
			reserved = 1;
			break;
		}
		if (reserved) {
			*pdu -= 2;
			return "Reserved DCS value";
		}
	}
	if (alphabet == -1) {
		*pdu -= 2;
		return "Unsupported DCS value";
	}

	ts = pdu_parse_timestamp(pdu, &pdu_length);
	*msg_enc = pdu_dcs_alphabet2encoding(alphabet);
	if (ts < 0) {
		return "Can't parse Timestamp";
	}

	udl = pdu_parse_byte(pdu, &pdu_length);
	if (udl < 0) {
		return "Can't parse UDL";
	}

	/* calculate number of octets in UD */
	if (alphabet == PDU_DCS_ALPHABET_7BIT) {
		udl = ((udl + 1) * 7) >> 3;
	}
	if ((size_t)udl * 2 != pdu_length) {
		*pdu -= 2;
		return "UDL not match with UD length";
	}

	if (PDUTYPE_UDHI(pdu_type) != PDUTYPE_UDHI_HAS_HEADER) {
		/* save message */
		*msg = *pdu;
		return NULL;
	}

	udhl = pdu_parse_byte(pdu, &pdu_length);
	if (udhl < 0) {
		return "Can't parse UDHL";
	}

	/* adjust 7-bit padding */
	if (*msg_enc == STR_ENCODING_7BIT_HEX_PAD_0) {
		switch (6 - (udhl % 7)) {
		case 1:
			*msg_enc = STR_ENCODING_7BIT_HEX_PAD_1;
			break;
		case 2:
			*msg_enc = STR_ENCODING_7BIT_HEX_PAD_2;
			break;
		case 3:
			*msg_enc = STR_ENCODING_7BIT_HEX_PAD_3;
			break;
		case 4:
			*msg_enc = STR_ENCODING_7BIT_HEX_PAD_4;
			break;
		case 5:
			*msg_enc = STR_ENCODING_7BIT_HEX_PAD_5;
			break;
		case 6:
			*msg_enc = STR_ENCODING_7BIT_HEX_PAD_6;
			break;
		default:
			/* no change */
			break;
		}
	}

	/* NOTE: UDHL count octets no need calculation */
	if (pdu_length < (size_t)(udhl * 2)) {
		return "Invalid UDH";
	}

	while (udhl >= 2) {
		int iei_len;

		/* get type byte */
		(void)pdu_parse_byte(pdu, &pdu_length); /* iei_type */
		

		/* get length byte */
		iei_len = pdu_parse_byte(pdu, &pdu_length);

		/* subtract bytes */
		udhl -= 2;

		/* skip data, if any */
		if (iei_len >= 0 && iei_len <= udhl) {
			/* skip rest of IEI */
			*pdu += iei_len * 2;
			pdu_length -= iei_len * 2;
			udhl -= iei_len;
		}
		else
		{
			return "Invalid IEI len";
		}
	}

	/* skip rest of UDH, if any */
	*pdu += udhl * 2;
	pdu_length -= udhl * 2;

	/* save message */
	*msg = *pdu;

	return NULL;
}