diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index e7e789d..8bcead3 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ module "label" {
 }
 
 module "example1" {
-  source                  = "github.com/obytes/terraform-aws-vpc.git?ref=v1.0.9"
+  source                  = "github.com/obytes/terraform-aws-vpc.git?ref=v1.0.10"
   enabled                 = true
   prefix                  = module.label.id
   name                    = "vpc"
diff --git a/examples/example.tf b/examples/example.tf
index 6197572..c532d3f 100644
--- a/examples/example.tf
+++ b/examples/example.tf
@@ -17,11 +17,15 @@ module "example1" {
   additional_tags         = module.label.tags
   cidr_block              = "172.16.0.0/18"
   enable_dns_hostnames    = true
-  enable_nat_gateway      = true
+  enable_nat_gateway      = false
+  nat_instance_enabled    = true
   enable_internet_gateway = true
   create_public_subnets   = true
   max_subnet_count        = 3
   single_nat_gateway      = true
+  private_subnets_enabled = true
+  ipv4_enabled            = true
+
   additional_default_route_table_tags = {
     Managed = "Terraform"
     Default = "Yes"
diff --git a/nat-gw.tf b/nat-gw.tf
index fee1fb4..572155f 100644
--- a/nat-gw.tf
+++ b/nat-gw.tf
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ locals {
 
 
 resource "aws_eip" "_" {
-  count = local.enabled ? local.nat_gateway_eip_count : 0
+  count = local.enabled && var.enable_nat_gateway ? 1 : local.enabled && local.nat_instance_enabled ? 1 : 0
   vpc   = true
   tags  = merge(var.additional_tags, tomap({ "Name" = join(local.delimiter, [local.name, count.index]) }))
 }
diff --git a/nat_instance.tf b/nat_instance.tf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d26d23b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nat_instance.tf
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+locals {
+  private_enabled  = local.enabled && var.private_subnets_enabled
+  private4_enabled = local.private_enabled && local.ipv4_enabled
+  ipv4_enabled     = local.enabled && var.ipv4_enabled
+  nat_gateway_setting = var.nat_instance_enabled == true ? var.enable_nat_gateway == true : !(
+    var.enable_nat_gateway == false # not true or null
+  )
+  nat_instance_setting = local.nat_gateway_setting ? false : var.nat_instance_enabled == true # not false or null
+  nat_instance_useful  = local.private4_enabled
+  nat_instance_enabled = local.nat_instance_useful && local.nat_instance_setting
+  need_nat_ami_id      = local.nat_instance_enabled && length(var.nat_instance_ami_id) == 0
+  nat_instance_ami_id  = local.need_nat_ami_id ? data.aws_ami.nat_instance[0].id : try(var.nat_instance_ami_id[0], "")
+}
+
+resource "aws_security_group" "nat_instance" {
+  count       = local.nat_instance_enabled ? 1 : 0
+  description = "Security Group for NAT Instance"
+  vpc_id      = join("", aws_vpc._.*.id)
+  tags = merge(var.additional_tags, var.additional_private_subnet_tags, tomap({ "VPC" = join("", aws_vpc._.*.id),
+    "Availability Zone" = length(var.azs_list_names) > 0 ? element(var.azs_list_names, count.index) : element(data.aws_availability_zones.azs.names, count.index),
+    "Name" = join(local.delimiter, [local.name, local.az_map_list_short[local.availability_zones[count.index]]]) }
+  ))
+}
+
+resource "aws_security_group_rule" "nat_instance_egress" {
+  count = local.nat_instance_enabled ? 1 : 0
+
+  description       = "Allow all egress traffic"
+  from_port         = 0
+  to_port           = 0
+  protocol          = "-1"
+  cidr_blocks       = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
+  security_group_id = join("", aws_security_group.nat_instance.*.id)
+  type              = "egress"
+}
+
+resource "aws_security_group_rule" "nat_instance_ingress" {
+  count = local.nat_instance_enabled ? 1 : 0
+
+  description       = "Allow ingress traffic from the VPC CIDR block"
+  from_port         = 0
+  to_port           = 0
+  protocol          = "-1"
+  cidr_blocks       = [var.cidr_block]
+  security_group_id = join("", aws_security_group.nat_instance.*.id)
+  type              = "ingress"
+}
+
+# aws --region us-west-2 ec2 describe-images --owners amazon --filters Name="name",Values="amzn-ami-vpc-nat*" Name="virtualization-type",Values="hvm"
+data "aws_ami" "nat_instance" {
+  count = local.need_nat_ami_id ? 1 : 0
+
+  most_recent = true
+
+  filter {
+    name   = "name"
+    values = ["amzn-ami-vpc-nat*"]
+  }
+
+  filter {
+    name   = "virtualization-type"
+    values = ["hvm"]
+  }
+
+  owners = ["amazon"]
+}
+
+# https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/userguide/vpc-nat-comparison.html
+# https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/userguide/VPC_NAT_Instance.html
+# https://dzone.com/articles/nat-instance-vs-nat-gateway
+resource "aws_instance" "nat_instance" {
+  count = local.nat_instance_enabled ? 1 : 0
+
+  ami                    = local.nat_instance_ami_id
+  instance_type          = var.nat_instance_type
+  subnet_id              = aws_subnet.public[count.index].id
+  vpc_security_group_ids = [aws_security_group.nat_instance[0].id]
+
+  tags = merge(
+    var.additional_tags,
+    {
+      "Name" = join(local.delimiter, [local.name, count.index]),
+      "VPC"  = join("", aws_vpc._.*.id)
+    }
+  )
+
+  # Required by NAT
+  # https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/userguide/VPC_NAT_Instance.html#EIP_Disable_SrcDestCheck
+  source_dest_check           = false
+  associate_public_ip_address = true
+
+  ebs_optimized = true
+  key_name      = join("-", [local.name, "key"])
+}
+
+resource "aws_eip_association" "nat_instance" {
+  count = local.nat_instance_enabled ? 1 : 0
+
+  instance_id   = aws_instance.nat_instance[count.index].id
+  allocation_id = aws_eip._[count.index].id
+}
+
+# If private IPv4 subnets and NAT Instance are both enabled, create a
+# default route from private subnet to NAT Instance in each subnet
+
+resource "aws_route" "nat_instance" {
+  count = local.enabled && var.nat_instance_enabled ? 1 : 0
+
+  route_table_id         = element(aws_route_table.private.*.id, count.index)
+  network_interface_id   = element(aws_instance.nat_instance.*.primary_network_interface_id, count.index)
+  destination_cidr_block = "0.0.0.0/0"
+  depends_on             = [aws_route_table.private]
+
+  timeouts {
+    create = var.route_create_timeout
+    delete = var.route_delete_timeout
+  }
+}
diff --git a/private-subnets.tf b/private-subnets.tf
index 51eec6b..698b6a9 100644
--- a/private-subnets.tf
+++ b/private-subnets.tf
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ resource "aws_subnet" "private" {
 
 # There are as many route_table as local.nat_gateway_count
 resource "aws_route_table" "private" {
-  count  = local.enabled && local.private_subnet_count > 0 ? local.nat_gateway_count : 0
+  count  = local.enabled && local.private_subnet_count > 0 ? 1 : 0
   vpc_id = aws_vpc._[count.index].id
 
   tags = merge(var.additional_tags, tomap({ "Name" = join(local.delimiter, [local.name, "prv-route", count.index]) }),
diff --git a/variables.tf b/variables.tf
index b82bfb7..d921fb6 100644
--- a/variables.tf
+++ b/variables.tf
@@ -59,8 +59,54 @@ variable "azs_list_names" {
 
 variable "enable_nat_gateway" {
   type        = bool
+  description = <<-EOT
+    Set `true` to create NAT Gateways to perform IPv4 NAT and NAT64 as needed.
+    Defaults to `true` unless `nat_instance_enabled` is `true`.
+    EOT
+  default     = null
+}
+
+############## NAT instance configuration ###################
+variable "nat_instance_type" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "NAT Instance type"
+  default     = "t3.micro"
+}
+
+variable "nat_instance_enabled" {
+  type        = bool
+  description = <<-EOT
+    Set `true` to create NAT Instances to perform IPv4 NAT.
+    Defaults to `false`.
+    EOT
+  default     = null
+}
+
+variable "private_subnets_enabled" {
+  type        = bool
+  description = "If false, do not create private subnets (or NAT gateways or instances)"
   default     = true
-  description = "Should be true if you want to provision NAT Gateways for each of your private networks"
+}
+
+variable "ipv4_enabled" {
+  type        = bool
+  description = "Set `true` to enable IPv4 addresses in the subnets"
+  default     = true
+}
+
+variable "nat_instance_ami_id" {
+  type        = list(string)
+  description = <<-EOT
+    A list optionally containing the ID of the AMI to use for the NAT instance.
+    If the list is empty (the default), the latest official AWS NAT instance AMI
+    will be used. NOTE: The Official NAT instance AMI is being phased out and
+    does not support NAT64. Use of a NAT gateway is recommended instead.
+    EOT
+  default     = []
+  validation {
+    condition     = length(var.nat_instance_ami_id) < 2
+    error_message = "Only 1 NAT Instance AMI ID can be provided."
+  }
 }
 
 variable "single_nat_gateway" {