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<h4>Cool Down Activity</h4>
<p>For each pair of variables, decide whether there is:</p>
<ul>
<li>a very weak or no relationship</li>
<li>a strong relationship that is not a causal relationship</li>
<li>a causal relationship</li>
</ul>
<p>Be prepared to show your reasoning.</p>
<!-- BEGIN ACTIVITY DROP DOWN 1 TRY -->
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset" data-button-text="Check" data-content-id="5593800f-df95-4c03-a639-f34814d2b92f" data-fire-learning-opportunity-event="eventnameY" data-fire-success-event="eventnameX" data-retry-limit="0" data-schema-version="1.0">
<!--Q#1-->
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-problem" data-content-id="009163c1-dca7-4df5-a147-e94b89826df8" data-problem-type="dropdown" data-solution="a strong relationship that is not a causal relationship" data-solution-options='["a very weak or no relationship", "a strong relationship that is not a causal relationship", "a causal relationship"]'>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-problem-content">
<ol class="os-raise-noindent">
<li>Number of snow plows owned by a city and mitten sales in the city</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-correct-response">
<p>Correct! A strong relationship that is not a causal relationship.</p>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-attempts-exhausted-response">
<p>Nice try! The correct answer is a strong relationship that is not a causal relationship.</p>
</div>
</div>
<!--END QUESTION.-->
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<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-correct-response">
<!-- INSERT ANY VALID HTML HERE -->
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-encourage-response">
<!-- INSERT ANY VALID HTML HERE -->
</div>
</div>
<!--END ACTIVITY DROP DOWN 1 TRY -->
<!-- Begin Question2-->
<div class="os-raise-ib-input" data-button-text="Solution" data-content-id="27eeceda-e877-4f97-b228-d36b5a8b63bb" data-schema-version="1.0">
<div class="os-raise-ib-input-content">
<p>2. Explain the reasoning for your answer to question 1.<br></p>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-input-prompt">
<p>Enter your answer here:</p>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-input-ack">
<p>Compare your answer:</p>
<p>Your answer may vary, but here is a sample.</p>
<p>A strong relationship that is not a causal relationship. The variables are related since cities with more snow plows will probably also have high sales of mittens compared to places with fewer snow plows. The climate, number of people living in the city, and amount of snow all affect both of these variables. A city having extra snow plows would not cause people to buy more mittens, nor would the reverse happen.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- End Question 2-->
<!-- BEGIN ACTIVITY DROP DOWN 1 TRY -->
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset" data-button-text="Check" data-content-id="f771311f-e454-4fbb-8959-1390f10e5c79" data-fire-learning-opportunity-event="eventnameY" data-fire-success-event="eventnameX" data-retry-limit="0" data-schema-version="1.0">
<!--Q#3-->
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-problem" data-content-id="99be64f6-87ae-433c-a08f-d81c15dc048a" data-problem-type="dropdown" data-solution="a very weak or no relationship" data-solution-options='["a very weak or no relationship", "a strong relationship that is not a causal relationship", "a causal relationship"]'>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-problem-content">
<ol class="os-raise-noindent" start="3">
<li>Number of text messages sent per day by a person and number of shirts owned by the person.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-correct-response">
<p>Correct! A very weak or no relationship.</p>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-attempts-exhausted-response">
<p>Nice try! The correct answer is a very weak or no relationship</p>
</div>
</div>
<!--END QUESTION.-->
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<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-correct-response">
<!-- INSERT ANY VALID HTML HERE -->
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-encourage-response">
<!-- INSERT ANY VALID HTML HERE -->
</div>
</div>
<!--END ACTIVITY DROP DOWN 1 TRY -->
<!-- Begin Question4-->
<div class="os-raise-ib-input" data-button-text="Solution" data-content-id="5c3d08a7-56eb-44c1-886d-abce3411287f" data-schema-version="1.0">
<div class="os-raise-ib-input-content">
<p>4. Explain the reasoning for your answer to question 3.<br></p>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-input-prompt">
<p>Enter your answer here:</p>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-input-ack">
<p>Compare your answer:</p>
<p>Your answer may vary, but here is a sample.</p>
<p>A very weak or no relationship. These variables seem unrelated, and there is not another variable like age or wealth that would seem to be related to both of these variables consistently.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- End Question 4-->
<!-- BEGIN ACTIVITY DROP DOWN 1 TRY -->
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset" data-button-text="Check" data-content-id="191bef43-d2d1-4088-bd74-d57e7203ade5" data-fire-learning-opportunity-event="eventnameY" data-fire-success-event="eventnameX" data-retry-limit="0" data-schema-version="1.0">
<!--Q#1-->
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-problem" data-content-id="b389207b-d16c-43f7-bc6e-109ee712f4dc" data-problem-type="dropdown" data-solution="a strong relationship that is not a causal relationship" data-solution-options='["a very weak or no relationship", "a strong relationship that is not a causal relationship", "a causal relationship"]'>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-problem-content">
<ol class="os-raise-noindent" start="5">
<li>Price of a pizza and number of calories in the pizza</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-correct-response">
<p>Correct! A strong relationship that is not a causal relationship.</p>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-attempts-exhausted-response">
<p>Nice try! The correct answer is a strong relationship that is not a causal relationship.</p>
</div>
</div>
<!--END QUESTION.-->
<!--Do not edit below line.-->
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-correct-response">
<!-- INSERT ANY VALID HTML HERE -->
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-encourage-response">
<!-- INSERT ANY VALID HTML HERE -->
</div>
</div>
<!--END ACTIVITY DROP DOWN 1 TRY -->
<!-- Begin Question4-->
<div class="os-raise-ib-input" data-button-text="Solution" data-content-id="bfe4b982-6fc5-4832-8326-06241bb669f4" data-schema-version="1.0">
<div class="os-raise-ib-input-content">
<p>6. Explain the reasoning for your answer to question 5.<br></p>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-input-prompt">
<p>Enter your answer here:</p>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-input-ack">
<p>Compare your answer:</p>
<p>Your answer may vary, but here is a sample.</p>
<p>A strong relationship that is not a causal relationship. The variables are related since a more expensive pizza will generally be larger or have more toppings, leading to more calories, but it is the size or number of toppings that is the cause for the increase in both variables.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- End Question 4-->
<!-- BEGIN ACTIVITY DROP DOWN 1 TRY -->
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset" data-button-text="Check" data-content-id="64736e16-c56b-469a-84c2-f191e3263b88" data-fire-learning-opportunity-event="eventnameY" data-fire-success-event="eventnameX" data-retry-limit="0" data-schema-version="1.0">
<!--Q#1-->
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-problem" data-content-id="8bc0fe8a-cd1a-401f-be8b-b1f295072d03" data-problem-type="dropdown" data-solution="a causal relationship" data-solution-options='["a very weak or no relationship", "a strong relationship that is not a causal relationship", "a causal relationship"]'>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-problem-content">
<ol class="os-raise-noindent" start="7">
<li>Amount of gas used on a trip and number of miles driven on the trip</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-correct-response">
<p>Correct! A causal relationship.</p>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-attempts-exhausted-response">
<p>Nice try! The correct answer a causal relationship.</p>
</div>
</div>
<!--END QUESTION.-->
<!--Do not edit below line.-->
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-correct-response">
<!-- INSERT ANY VALID HTML HERE -->
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-pset-encourage-response">
<!-- INSERT ANY VALID HTML HERE -->
</div>
</div>
<!--END ACTIVITY DROP DOWN 1 TRY -->
<!-- Begin Question4-->
<div class="os-raise-ib-input" data-button-text="Solution" data-content-id="602b17f1-69cd-482e-ac0d-9d979b77311b" data-schema-version="1.0">
<div class="os-raise-ib-input-content">
<p>8. Explain the reasoning for your answer to question 7.<br></p>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-input-prompt">
<p>Enter your answer here:</p>
</div>
<div class="os-raise-ib-input-ack">
<p>Compare your answer:</p>
<p>Your answer may vary, but here is a sample.</p>
<p>Causal relationship. Longer trips will cause greater gas consumption, and shorter trips will require less gas.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- End Question 4-->
<br><br>
<h4>Video: Determining the Type of Relationship </h4>
<p>Watch the following video to learn more about using the term causal relationship.</p>
<div class="os-raise-d-flex-nowrap os-raise-justify-content-center">
<div class="os-raise-video-container"><video controls="true" crossorigin="anonymous">
<source src="https://k12.openstax.org/contents/raise/resources/33beb4056ec93ebd2d3fefebbd426ccc48c4a0ef">
<track default="true" kind="captions" label="On" src="https://k12.openstax.org/contents/raise/resources/4d09c6e246d160a47c2b2b4fdcb598318bf177c8" srclang="en_us">https://k12.openstax.org/contents/raise/resources/33beb4056ec93ebd2d3fefebbd426ccc48c4a0ef
</video></div>
</div>