tutor-cairn codebase Python 3.12 upgrade

[DawoudSheraz]

• Ensure tutor-cairn codebase is compatible with Python 3.12
• Update Python to 3.12 in Dockerfile for nightly and ensure the image builds as expected. The changes would be merged to nightly

See overhangio/tutor#1004 for the context.

[FahadKhalid210]

@DawoudSheraz CI checks are added. We won't attempt to install Python 3.12 in clickhouse image. We'll wait for the upstream upgrade to Ubuntu 24.04.

For more details, click here.

[DawoudSheraz]

Alright, thanks. Let's create a followup for Python upgrade and close this one out (because this is part of larger 3.12 upgrade initiative).

[FahadKhalid210]

#37