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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Ladies Learning Code - JavaScript March 18, 2012</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=1280">
<!-- CoderDeck core and extension CSS files -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="src/deck.js/core/deck.core.css" type="text/css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="src/deck.js/extensions/navigation/deck.navigation.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="src/deck.js/extensions/status/deck.status.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="src/deck.js/extensions/hash/deck.hash.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="src/deck.js/extensions/menu/deck.menu.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="src/css/prettify.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="src/css/deck.coder.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="src/codemirror/lib/codemirror.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="src/codemirror/theme/default.css">
<!-- Custom for LLC -->
<link href='http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Istok+Web' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
<link href='http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Podkova' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
<link rel="stylesheet" id='style-theme-link' href="src/css/coderdeck.css" type="text/css" >
<style type="text/css"></style>
</head>
<body class="deck-container">
<script type='text/coderdeck' id='coderdeck-default'>
<html>
<head>
<script src='src/jquery.min.js'>SCRIPTEND</head>
<body>CODE</body>
</html>
</script>
<script type='text/coderdeck' id='coderdeck-style-example'>
<html>
<title>test</title>
<style>CODE</style>
<body>
</body>
</html>
</script>
<div id="presentation">
<!-- **************************************** -->
<article class='slide slide-subhead'>
<h1>JavaScript Part 5</h1>
<p>The DOM and manipulating objects on a HTML page</p>
</article>
<!-- SLIDE: -->
<article class='slide slide-list'>
<h2>The Components of a Web Page</h2>
<p>Think about your HTML web page (your "browser <span class="keyword">document</span>") as being made up of many blocks.</p>
<p class="centered"><img src="assets/browser-blocks.jpg" width="590" height="365" alt="Blocks" /></p>
</article>
<!-- SLIDE: -->
<article class='slide slide-list'>
<h2>Pre-defined Blocks</h2>
<p>Some blocks are defined by the browser, such as the browser <span class="keyword">window</span>.</p>
<p class="centered"><img src="assets/browser-window.jpg" width="590" height="365" alt="Window" /></p>
</article>
<!-- SLIDE: -->
<article class='slide slide-list'>
<h2>User-defined Blocks</h2>
<p>And some blocks we make ourselves via HTML<br>
(e.g. <code><fieldset></code>, <code><div></code>, and <code><img></code> HTML tags).</p>
<p class="centered"><img src="assets/browser-fieldset-div.jpg" width="590" height="365" alt="Blocks" /></p>
</article>
<!-- SLIDE: -->
<article class='slide slide-list'>
<h2>Document Objects</h2>
<p>All of these blocks are <span class="keyword">objects</span> -- just like the ones we covered earlier! And all these objects have pre-written functions/methods you can use.</p>
<p>Does the line of code below make more sense now? <code>document</code> is one of the main objects of a web page and it has a method named <code>write</code> that accepts a string as a parameter. <code>document</code> has lots of other properties and methods too: <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/document" target="_blank">check out this list</a>.</p>
<textarea class='coder-editor'><script>
document.write("Hello!");
</script></textarea>
<script type="coder-solution">SCRIPT
//document.write("Hello!");
var browserLocation = document.location;
document.write("URL is: <br>" + browserLocation);
SCRIPTEND</script>
</article>
<!-- SLIDE: -->
<article class='slide slide-list'>
<h2>HTML Element Objects</h2>
<p>The most common thing you'll do with JavaScript is get <span class="keyword">references</span> to your HTML tags ("<span class="keyword">elements</span>") via <code>document.getElementById()</code>.</p>
<p><strong>Important!</strong> Your HTML tag must have an <code>id</code> attribute in order to do this!</p>
<pre style="prettyprint">
<div <strong>id="status"</strong>>
<p>Loading...>/p>
<p><img src="assets/loading.gif"></p>
</div>
</pre>
</article>
<!-- SLIDE: -->
<article class='slide slide-list'>
<h2>HTML Element Objects</h2>
<p>For example, let's get a reference to the "status" <code>div</code> element by using <code>document.getElementById()</code>. Then confirm this by dynamically reading all the HTML in it using the <code>innerHTML</code> property.</p>
<p class="sidenote">(You can find all the things you can do with elements <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/element" target="_blank">here</a>.)</p>
<textarea class='coder-editor coder-editor-full'>
<div id="status">
<p>Loading...</p>
<p><img src="assets/loading.gif"></p>
</div>
<script>
// 1. Use document.getElementById()
// 2. Use innerHTML
</script>
<style>
#status {
border: 1px solid #666;
-webkit-border-radius: 10px;
-moz-border-radius: 10px;
border-radius: 10px;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 10px;
width: 200px;
text-align: center;
font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style></textarea>
<script type="coder-solution"><div id="status">
<p>Loading...</p>
<p><img src="assets/loading.gif"></p>
</div>
SCRIPT
// 1. Use document.getElementById()
var statusDiv = document.getElementById("status");
// 2. Use innerHTML
var statusHTML = statusDiv.innerHTML;
document.write( "<hr>The HTML inside the div was: <br>");
document.write( "<textarea>" + statusHTML + "</textarea>");
SCRIPTEND
<style>
#status {
border: 1px solid #666;
-webkit-border-radius: 10px;
-moz-border-radius: 10px;
border-radius: 10px;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 10px;
width: 200px;
text-align: center;
font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style></script>
</article>
<!-- SLIDE: -->
<article class='slide slide-list'>
<h2>HTML Element Objects (cont'd)</h2>
<p>You can also use <code>innerHTML</code> to replace what's already in an element.</p>
<textarea class='coder-editor coder-editor-full'>
<div id="status">
<p>Loading...</p>
<p><img src="assets/loading.gif"></p>
</div>
<script>
// 1. Use document.getElementById()
var statusDiv = document.getElementById("status");
// 2. Use innerHTML
</script>
<style>
#status {
border: 1px solid #666;
-webkit-border-radius: 10px;
-moz-border-radius: 10px;
border-radius: 10px;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 10px;
width: 200px;
text-align: center;
font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style></textarea>
<script type="coder-solution"><div id="status">
<p>Loading...</p>
<p><img src="assets/loading.gif"></p>
</div>
SCRIPT
// 1. Use document.getElementById()
var statusDiv = document.getElementById("status");
// 2. Use innerHTML
statusDiv.innerHTML = "Page fully loaded!"
SCRIPTEND
<style>
#status {
border: 1px solid #666;
-webkit-border-radius: 10px;
-moz-border-radius: 10px;
border-radius: 10px;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 10px;
width: 200px;
text-align: center;
font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style></script>
</article>
<!-- SLIDE: -->
<article class='slide slide-list'>
<h2>HTML Element Objects (cont'd)</h2>
<p>Or let's dynamically swap out one image for another by updating the <code>src</code> attribute of an image tag.</p>
<textarea class='coder-editor coder-editor-full'>
<img id="robot"
src="exercises/assets/nesting-dolls.jpg" />
<script>
// 1. Use document.getElementById()
// 2. Set src to be "exercises/assets/salt-pepper-shakers.jpg"
</script></textarea>
<script type="coder-solution"><img id="robot"
src="exercises/assets/nesting-dolls.jpg" />
SCRIPT
// 1. Use document.getElementById()
var imageElement = document.getElementById("robot");
// 2. Set src to be "exercises/assets/salt-pepper-shakers.jpg"
imageElement.src = "exercises/assets/salt-pepper-shakers.jpg";
SCRIPTEND</script>
</article>
<!--
<article class='slide slide-list'>
<h2>Updating CSS Styles</h2>
<p>You can even update a HTML element's CSS styles dynamically using it's <code>style</code> attribute.</p>
<p>Consider how you might program a button toggle effect to show the difference between "selected" or "deselected" states.</p>
<p class="sidenote">(Note the differences between how properties are written in CSS to how they appear in JavaScript: <code>background-color</code> versus <code>backgroundColor</code>.</p>
<textarea class='coder-editor coder-editor-full'>
<style>
#clickme {
text-align: center;
width: 100px;
padding: 5px 10px;
border: 1px solid #999;
cursor: pointer;
background-color: white;
color: black;
}
</style>
<div id="clickme" onclick="restyle();">
Click me!
</div>
<script>
var button = document.getElementById("clickme");
function restyle() {
if ( button.style.backgroundColor == "white" ) {
// use style.backgroundColor
// and style.color
}else{
// inverse
}
}
</script></textarea>
<script type="coder-solution"><style>
#clickme {
text-align: center;
width: 100px;
padding: 5px 10px;
border: 1px solid #999;
cursor: pointer;
background-color: white;
color: black;
}
</style>
<div id="clickme" onclick="restyle();">
Click me!
</div>
SCRIPT
var button = document.getElementById("clickme");
function restyle() {
if ( button.style.backgroundColor == "black" ) {
// use style.backgroundColor
button.style.backgroundColor = "white";
// and style.color
button.style.color = "black";
//button.style.fontSize = "16px";
//button.innerHTML = "Click me!";
}else{
//inverse
button.style.backgroundColor = "black";
button.style.color = "white";
//button.style.fontSize = "14px";
//button.innerHTML = "clicked.";
}
}
SCRIPTEND</script>
</article>
<article class='slide slide-list'>
<h2>Updating CSS Styles (cont'd)</h2>
<p>You could even update several style properties at once if you use CSS classes and update a element's <code>class</code> attribute.</p>
<textarea class='coder-editor coder-editor-full'>
<style>
#clickme {
text-align: center;
width: 100px;
padding: 5px 10px;
border: 1px solid #999;
cursor: pointer;
}
.deselected {
background-color: white;
color: black;
}
.selected {
background-color: black;
color: white;
}
</style>
<div id="clickme" class="deselected" onclick="restyle();">
Click me!
</div>
<script>
var button = document.getElementById("clickme");
function restyle() {
if ( button.getAttribute("class") == "selected" ) {
// use setAttribute("class", "deselected");
}else{
// use setAttribute("class", "selected");
}
}
</script></textarea>
<script type="coder-solution"><style>
#clickme {
text-align: center;
width: 100px;
padding: 5px 10px;
border: 1px solid #999;
cursor: pointer;
}
.deselected {
background-color: white;
color: black;
}
.selected {
background-color: black;
color: white;
}
</style>
<div id="clickme" class="deselected" onclick="restyle();">
Click me!
</div>
SCRIPT
var button = document.getElementById("clickme");
function restyle() {
if ( button.getAttribute("class") == "selected" ) {
button.setAttribute("class", "deselected");
}else{
button.setAttribute("class", "selected");
}
}
SCRIPTEND</script>
</article>
<article class='slide slide-list'>
<h2>Make DOM Elements Magically Appear!</h2>
<p>You can even create completely new elements out of thin air! Use <code>document.createElement()</code> and <code>appendChild()</code> </p>
<textarea class='coder-editor coder-editor-full'>
<div id="emptyDiv"
style="border: 1px solid red; padding: 10px;">
</div>
<script>
// create a new paragraph out of thin air
// insert it into the currently empty div
</script></textarea>
<script type="coder-solution">
<div id="emptyDiv"
style="border: 1px solid red; padding: 10px;">
</div>
SCRIPT
// create a new paragraph out of thin air
var paragraph = document.createElement('p');
paragraph.innerHTML = "ta daaa!";
// insert it into the currently empty div
var emptyDiv = document.getElementById("emptyDiv")
emptyDiv.appendChild(paragraph);
SCRIPTEND</script>
</article>
-->
<!-- SLIDE: -->
<article class='slide slide-list'>
<h2>However there is an easier way!</h2>
<p>Typing <code>document.getElementById()</code> gets tedious after a while so many people will use a JavaScript <span class="keyword">library</span> to make repetive tasks easier.</p>
<p>With the jQuery library:</p>
<pre style="width: 45%;float:left;">
document.getElementById("status")
document.getElementById("robot")
</pre>
<div style="width: 5%;float:left;text-align:center;"><br><br>➞</div>
<pre style="width: 45%;float:left;">
$("#status")
$("#robot")
</pre>
<br clear="all" />
<p>Just remember that it is still JavaScript under the hood!</p>
</article>
<!-- SLIDE: Next section -->
<article class='slide slide-list'>
<p class="centered vertically_centered"><a href="jquery-indepth.html"><img src="assets/next_section_icon.gif" width="230" height="70" alt="Click to go to next section" /></a></p>
</article>
</div>
<!-- END div id=presentation -->
<script src='src/jquery.min.js'></script>
<script src="src/modernizr.js"></script>
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<script src="src/codemirror/mode/htmlmixed/htmlmixed.js"></script>
<!-- Prettify -->
<script src="src/prettify.js"></script>
<!-- Deck Core and extensions -->
<script src="src/deck.js/extensions/status/deck.status.js"></script>
<script src="src/deck.js/extensions/navigation/deck.navigation.js"></script>
<script src='src/deck.coder.js'></script>
<script src="src/deck.js/extensions/hash/deck.hash.js"></script>
<script src="src/deck.js/extensions/menu/deck.menu.js"></script>
<script>
$(function() {
$.deck('.slide');
});
</script>
</body>
</html>