Socket Errors Upgrading from 15 to 16

[gav-fyi]

Hi, I've recently found this package which looks extremely promising for upgrading our development environments from Postgres 15 to Postgres 16.

I'm trying to attempt the one-shot upgrade of a large (~20GB) Postgres 15 databsse to 16, without success. I have attached the output of the command/logs below.

Command

docker run --name pgauto -it --rm -p 5432:5432 -v /var/run/postgresql:/var/run/postgresql --mount type=bind,source=/Users/gav/postgres_data/project,target=/var/lib/postgresql/data -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=redacted -e PGAUTO_ONESHOT=yes pgautoupgrade/pgautoupgrade:16-alpine

The output I get in the terminal is (reduced for brevity; let me know if you need earlier logs)

PostgreSQL Database directory appears to contain a database; Skipping initialization

************************************
PostgreSQL data directory: /var/lib/postgresql/data
************************************
*******************************************************************************************
Performing PG upgrade on version 15 database files.  Upgrading to version 16
*******************************************************************************************

[...]

2024-07-05 13:52:45.492 UTC [35] WARNING:  database "postgres" has no actual collation version, but a version was recorded
2024-07-05 13:52:45.495 UTC [35] LOG:  checkpoint starting: shutdown immediate
2024-07-05 13:52:45.499 UTC [35] LOG:  checkpoint complete: wrote 2 buffers (0.0%); 0 WAL file(s) added, 0 removed, 0 recycled; write=0.002 s, sync=0.001 s, total=0.005 s; sync files=3, longest=0.001 s, average=0.001 s; distance=0 kB, estimate=0 kB

[...]

---------------------------------------------------------------
The initdb arguments we determined are: --locale=en_US.utf8 --lc-collate=en_US.utf8 --lc-ctype=en_US.utf8 --encoding=UTF8
---------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Old database using collation settings: '--locale=en_US.utf8 --lc-collate=en_US.utf8 --lc-ctype=en_US.utf8 --encoding=UTF8'.  Initialising new database with those settings too
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Initialising PostgreSQL 16 data directory
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.utf8".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /var/lib/postgresql/data/new ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
selecting default max_connections ... 100
selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
selecting default time zone ... UTC
creating configuration files ... ok
running bootstrap script ... ok
performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok

initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
initdb: hint: You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.

Success. You can now start the database server using:

    /usr/local/bin/pg_ctl -D /var/lib/postgresql/data/new/ -l logfile start

------------------------------------
New database initialisation complete
------------------------------------
---------------------------------------
Running pg_upgrade command, from /var/lib/postgresql/data
---------------------------------------
Performing Consistency Checks
-----------------------------
Checking cluster versions                                     ok

*failure*
Consult the last few lines of "/var/lib/postgresql/data/new/pg_upgrade_output.d/20240705T135247.398/log/pg_upgrade_server.log" for
the probable cause of the failure.

connection to server on socket "/var/lib/postgresql/data/.s.PGSQL.50432" failed: No such file or directory
	Is the server running locally and accepting connections on that socket?


could not connect to source postmaster started with the command:
"/usr/local-pg15/bin/pg_ctl" -w -l "/var/lib/postgresql/data/new/pg_upgrade_output.d/20240705T135247.398/log/pg_upgrade_server.log" -D "/var/lib/postgresql/data/old" -o "-p 50432 -b  -c listen_addresses='' -c unix_socket_permissions=0700 -c unix_socket_directories='/var/lib/postgresql/data'" start
Failure, exiting

With the log file showing

-----------------------------------------------------------------
  pg_upgrade run on Fri Jul  5 13:52:47 2024
-----------------------------------------------------------------

command: "/usr/local-pg15/bin/pg_ctl" -w -l "/var/lib/postgresql/data/new/pg_upgrade_output.d/20240705T135247.398/log/pg_upgrade_server.log" -D "/var/lib/postgresql/data/old" -o "-p 50432 -b  -c listen_addresses='' -c unix_socket_permissions=0700 -c unix_socket_directories='/var/lib/postgresql/data'" start >> "/var/lib/postgresql/data/new/pg_upgrade_output.d/20240705T135247.398/log/pg_upgrade_server.log" 2>&1
waiting for server to start....2024-07-05 13:52:47.440 UTC [79] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 15.7 on aarch64-unknown-linux-musl, compiled by gcc (Alpine 13.2.1_git20231014) 13.2.1 20231014, 64-bit
2024-07-05 13:52:47.441 UTC [79] LOG:  could not set permissions of file "/var/lib/postgresql/data/.s.PGSQL.50432": Invalid argument
2024-07-05 13:52:47.441 UTC [79] WARNING:  could not create Unix-domain socket in directory "/var/lib/postgresql/data"
2024-07-05 13:52:47.441 UTC [79] FATAL:  could not create any Unix-domain sockets
2024-07-05 13:52:47.442 UTC [79] LOG:  database system is shut down
 stopped waiting
pg_ctl: could not start server
Examine the log output.

Ay assistance or pointers would be greatly appreciated.

---

Hardware: MacBook Pro M2
Original Postgres Image: postgres:15

[justinclift]

Oh, that's a weird one I've not seen before.

Just to double check, there's no partitions anywhere running out of disk space or anything along those lines when the error occurs yeah?

Mostly asking that just in case, as a filled disk can cause all kinds of weird errors.

---

Note that I'm just about to hit the sack personally, and it looks like I've caught either the flu or Covid (for a 2nd time, ugh). So I might not be looking at any response here for a while.

Hopefully some of the other team members have ideas on what the cause and fix for this might be. 😄

[justinclift]

Ay assistance or pointers would be greatly appreciated.

If all else fails and you need to debug the problem, you can start the container with the environment variable PGAUTO_DEVEL=before defined, which will start the container (and leave it running) just before the pgautoupgrade script runs. (like is done here, if that helps)

If you do that, then you can exec into the container and manually run the upgrade script commands one (or a few) at a time until you reach the point where it's going wrong/breaking.

With doing that, it should be feasible to figure out exactly why it's breaking, then figure out a fix.

Which could then be applied to the repo here for everyone to benefit from. That's the theory anyway. 😄

If you're already pretty familiar with shell scripting then it might be a useful option. 😄

[gav-fyi]

There are some great pointers there, thank you very much. I'll take a look on Monday when I'm back in the office, and will be sure to update you on any progress made.

Thanks for the quick reply, and I hope you start to feel better soon.

[gav-fyi]

The failure was very much with the pg_upgrade command, so had to dig a little deeper.

I found a solution on a similar library: tianon/docker-postgres-upgrade#83 (comment)

The issue was due to M-chip Macs not supporting the Unix socket filetype, so I had to update the pg_upgrade command to be

/usr/local/bin/pg_upgrade --username="${POSTGRES_USER}" --link -d "${OLD}" -D "${NEW}" -b "${OLDPATH}/bin" -B /usr/local/bin --socketdir="/var/run/postgresql"

Note: the addition of --socketdir="/var/run/postgresql"

The command then ran fine. Thanks for the pointers. I now have other errors (to do with my DB), but this issue is resolved.

I'll leave it open for now though, as I'm not sure if you'd want to include something in the main README for this, or a way to specify the --socketdir via environment variables.

[justinclift]

Oh wow, that's totally unexpected. I had no idea that limitation existed.

It sounds like we could include your --socketdir approach by default too, without negatively affecting others. Will need to do some investigation and see how that plays out. 😄

[justinclift]

Initial testing on my desktop system here (Debian 12 x86_64) looks like it works fine too, so I've just thrown together a PR to add the --socketdir option to all of the docker images: #33

[justinclift]

k, that PR has been merged. Once the automatic GitHub Actions rebuild of the docker images happens then you should be fine to use them without worrying about this particular issue again.

In theory. 😉

[gav-fyi]

Amazing. Thanks for the quick turnaround. 👍🏻

[justinclift]

No worries at all. Thanks for taking the time to investigate the root cause and figure out a solid solution. 😄

[gav-fyi]

I can confirm that the latest image from DockerHub works perfectly. 👍🏻

Thanks again.

[miroslavkovac]

I am having exactly the same issues as mentioned in this issue even after the addition of --socketdir="/var/run/postgresql".

I am not sure if the fact that I am running on arm based Amazon Linux 2023 has anything to do with the issue still being present, but just wanted to mention it.

Also the data is actually coming from TimescaleDB, but I understand that the underlying storage format is the same as with vanilla PostgreSQL.

Here is the command I was running:

docker run --rm -it \
    --mount type=bind,source=/db,target=/var/lib/postgresql/data \
    -e POSTGRES_HOST_AUTH_METHOD=trust \
    -e POSTGRES_INITDB_ARGS="--encoding=UTF8" \
    -e PGAUTO_ONESHOT=yes \
    pgautoupgrade/pgautoupgrade:16-alpine

And this is the output I keep getting:

PostgreSQL Database directory appears to contain a database; Skipping initialization

************************************
PostgreSQL data directory: /var/lib/postgresql/data
************************************
*******************************************************************************************
Performing PG upgrade on version 15 database files.  Upgrading to version 16
*******************************************************************************************
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Checking for left over artifacts from a failed previous autoupgrade...
----------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
No artifacts found from a failed previous autoupgrade.  Continuing the process.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------
Creating OLD temporary directory /var/lib/postgresql/data/old
---------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------
Creating OLD temporary directory is complete
--------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------
Moving existing data files into OLD temporary directory
-------------------------------------------------------
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/PG_VERSION' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/PG_VERSION'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/base' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/base'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/global' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/global'
mv: can't rename '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old': Invalid argument
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/old' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/old'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_commit_ts' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_commit_ts'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_dynshmem' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_dynshmem'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_hba.conf' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_hba.conf'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_ident.conf' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_ident.conf'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_logical' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_logical'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_multixact' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_multixact'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_notify' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_notify'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_replslot' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_replslot'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_serial' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_serial'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_snapshots' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_snapshots'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_stat' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_stat'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_stat_tmp' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_stat_tmp'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_subtrans' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_subtrans'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_tblspc' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_tblspc'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_twophase' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_twophase'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_wal' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_wal'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_xact' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/pg_xact'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.auto.conf' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/postgresql.auto.conf'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/postgresql.conf'
'/var/lib/postgresql/data/postmaster.opts' -> '/var/lib/postgresql/data/old/postmaster.opts'
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Moving existing data files into OLD temporary directory is complete
-------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------
Creating NEW temporary directory /var/lib/postgresql/data/new
---------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------
Creating NEW temporary directory is complete
--------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------
Changing permissions of temporary directories to 0700
-----------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
Changing permissions of temporary directories is complete
---------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Using initdb arguments passed in from the environment: --encoding=UTF8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Old database using collation settings: '--encoding=UTF8'.  Initialising new database with those settings too
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Initialising PostgreSQL 16 data directory
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.utf8".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /var/lib/postgresql/data/new ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
selecting default max_connections ... 100
selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
selecting default time zone ... UTC
creating configuration files ... ok
running bootstrap script ... ok
performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok

initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
initdb: hint: You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.

Success. You can now start the database server using:

    /usr/local/bin/pg_ctl -D /var/lib/postgresql/data/new/ -l logfile start

------------------------------------
New database initialisation complete
------------------------------------
---------------------------------------
Running pg_upgrade command, from /var/lib/postgresql/data
---------------------------------------
Performing Consistency Checks
-----------------------------
Checking cluster versions                                     ok

*failure*
Consult the last few lines of "/var/lib/postgresql/data/new/pg_upgrade_output.d/20241014T185927.674/log/pg_upgrade_server.log" for
the probable cause of the failure.

connection to server on socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.50432" failed: No such file or directory
	Is the server running locally and accepting connections on that socket?


could not connect to source postmaster started with the command:
"/usr/local-pg15/bin/pg_ctl" -w -l "/var/lib/postgresql/data/new/pg_upgrade_output.d/20241014T185927.674/log/pg_upgrade_server.log" -D "/var/lib/postgresql/data/old" -o "-p 50432 -b  -c listen_addresses='' -c unix_socket_permissions=0700 -c unix_socket_directories='/var/run/postgresql'" start
Failure, exiting

Thank you very much for the help.

[justinclift]

Oh. That kind of sounds like your PostgreSQL configuration file (postgresql.conf) might be configuring things to not use a socket at all in some way.

Are you ok to paste that configuration file here for us to look over?

[miroslavkovac]

Sure, we are using just the default timescale/timescaledb-ha and ran timescaledb-tune. Here is the postgresql.conf content.

I also noted that the data (including config file) is in /home/postgres/pgdata/data and not in /var/lib/postgresql/data for some reason, not sure if that plays a role here.

# -----------------------------
# PostgreSQL configuration file
# -----------------------------
#
# This file consists of lines of the form:
#
#   name = value
#
# (The "=" is optional.)  Whitespace may be used.  Comments are introduced with
# "#" anywhere on a line.  The complete list of parameter names and allowed
# values can be found in the PostgreSQL documentation.
#
# The commented-out settings shown in this file represent the default values.
# Re-commenting a setting is NOT sufficient to revert it to the default value;
# you need to reload the server.
#
# This file is read on server startup and when the server receives a SIGHUP
# signal.  If you edit the file on a running system, you have to SIGHUP the
# server for the changes to take effect, run "pg_ctl reload", or execute
# "SELECT pg_reload_conf()".  Some parameters, which are marked below,
# require a server shutdown and restart to take effect.
#
# Any parameter can also be given as a command-line option to the server, e.g.,
# "postgres -c log_connections=on".  Some parameters can be changed at run time
# with the "SET" SQL command.
#
# Memory units:  B  = bytes            Time units:  us  = microseconds
#                kB = kilobytes                     ms  = milliseconds
#                MB = megabytes                     s   = seconds
#                GB = gigabytes                     min = minutes
#                TB = terabytes                     h   = hours
#                                                   d   = days


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# FILE LOCATIONS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# The default values of these variables are driven from the -D command-line
# option or PGDATA environment variable, represented here as ConfigDir.

#data_directory = 'ConfigDir'		# use data in another directory
					# (change requires restart)
#hba_file = 'ConfigDir/pg_hba.conf'	# host-based authentication file
					# (change requires restart)
#ident_file = 'ConfigDir/pg_ident.conf'	# ident configuration file
					# (change requires restart)

# If external_pid_file is not explicitly set, no extra PID file is written.
#external_pid_file = ''			# write an extra PID file
					# (change requires restart)


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CONNECTIONS AND AUTHENTICATION
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Connection Settings -

#listen_addresses = 'localhost'		# what IP address(es) to listen on;
					# comma-separated list of addresses;
					# defaults to 'localhost'; use '*' for all
					# (change requires restart)
#port = 5432				# (change requires restart)
max_connections = 75			# (change requires restart)
#superuser_reserved_connections = 3	# (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_directories = '/var/run/postgresql'	# comma-separated list of directories
					# (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_group = ''			# (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_permissions = 0777		# begin with 0 to use octal notation
					# (change requires restart)
#bonjour = off				# advertise server via Bonjour
					# (change requires restart)
#bonjour_name = ''			# defaults to the computer name
					# (change requires restart)

# - TCP settings -
# see "man tcp" for details

#tcp_keepalives_idle = 0		# TCP_KEEPIDLE, in seconds;
					# 0 selects the system default
#tcp_keepalives_interval = 0		# TCP_KEEPINTVL, in seconds;
					# 0 selects the system default
#tcp_keepalives_count = 0		# TCP_KEEPCNT;
					# 0 selects the system default
#tcp_user_timeout = 0			# TCP_USER_TIMEOUT, in milliseconds;
					# 0 selects the system default

#client_connection_check_interval = 0	# time between checks for client
					# disconnection while running queries;
					# 0 for never

# - Authentication -

#authentication_timeout = 1min		# 1s-600s
#password_encryption = scram-sha-256	# scram-sha-256 or md5
#db_user_namespace = off

# GSSAPI using Kerberos
#krb_server_keyfile = 'FILE:${sysconfdir}/krb5.keytab'
#krb_caseins_users = off

# - SSL -

#ssl = off
#ssl_ca_file = ''
#ssl_cert_file = 'server.crt'
#ssl_crl_file = ''
#ssl_crl_dir = ''
#ssl_key_file = 'server.key'
#ssl_ciphers = 'HIGH:MEDIUM:+3DES:!aNULL' # allowed SSL ciphers
#ssl_prefer_server_ciphers = on
#ssl_ecdh_curve = 'prime256v1'
#ssl_min_protocol_version = 'TLSv1.2'
#ssl_max_protocol_version = ''
#ssl_dh_params_file = ''
#ssl_passphrase_command = ''
#ssl_passphrase_command_supports_reload = off


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# RESOURCE USAGE (except WAL)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Memory -

shared_buffers = 1536MB			# min 128kB
					# (change requires restart)
#huge_pages = try			# on, off, or try
					# (change requires restart)
#huge_page_size = 0			# zero for system default
					# (change requires restart)
#temp_buffers = 8MB			# min 800kB
#max_prepared_transactions = 0		# zero disables the feature
					# (change requires restart)
# Caution: it is not advisable to set max_prepared_transactions nonzero unless
# you actively intend to use prepared transactions.
work_mem = 5242kB				# min 64kB
#hash_mem_multiplier = 2.0		# 1-1000.0 multiplier on hash table work_mem
maintenance_work_mem = 768MB		# min 1MB
#autovacuum_work_mem = -1		# min 1MB, or -1 to use maintenance_work_mem
#logical_decoding_work_mem = 64MB	# min 64kB
#max_stack_depth = 2MB			# min 100kB
#shared_memory_type = mmap		# the default is the first option
					# supported by the operating system:
					#   mmap
					#   sysv
					#   windows
					# (change requires restart)
dynamic_shared_memory_type = posix	# the default is usually the first option
					# supported by the operating system:
					#   posix
					#   sysv
					#   windows
					#   mmap
					# (change requires restart)
#min_dynamic_shared_memory = 0MB	# (change requires restart)

# - Disk -

#temp_file_limit = -1			# limits per-process temp file space
					# in kilobytes, or -1 for no limit

# - Kernel Resources -

#max_files_per_process = 1000		# min 64
					# (change requires restart)

# - Cost-Based Vacuum Delay -

#vacuum_cost_delay = 0			# 0-100 milliseconds (0 disables)
#vacuum_cost_page_hit = 1		# 0-10000 credits
#vacuum_cost_page_miss = 2		# 0-10000 credits
#vacuum_cost_page_dirty = 20		# 0-10000 credits
#vacuum_cost_limit = 200		# 1-10000 credits

# - Background Writer -

#bgwriter_delay = 200ms			# 10-10000ms between rounds
#bgwriter_lru_maxpages = 100		# max buffers written/round, 0 disables
#bgwriter_lru_multiplier = 2.0		# 0-10.0 multiplier on buffers scanned/round
#bgwriter_flush_after = 512kB		# measured in pages, 0 disables

# - Asynchronous Behavior -

#backend_flush_after = 0		# measured in pages, 0 disables
effective_io_concurrency = 256		# 1-1000; 0 disables prefetching
#maintenance_io_concurrency = 10	# 1-1000; 0 disables prefetching
max_worker_processes = 23		# (change requires restart)
max_parallel_workers_per_gather = 2	# taken from max_parallel_workers
#max_parallel_maintenance_workers = 2	# taken from max_parallel_workers
max_parallel_workers = 4		# maximum number of max_worker_processes that
					# can be used in parallel operations
#parallel_leader_participation = on
#old_snapshot_threshold = -1		# 1min-60d; -1 disables; 0 is immediate
					# (change requires restart)


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# WRITE-AHEAD LOG
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Settings -

#wal_level = replica			# minimal, replica, or logical
					# (change requires restart)
#fsync = on				# flush data to disk for crash safety
					# (turning this off can cause
					# unrecoverable data corruption)
#synchronous_commit = on		# synchronization level;
					# off, local, remote_write, remote_apply, or on
#wal_sync_method = fsync		# the default is the first option
					# supported by the operating system:
					#   open_datasync
					#   fdatasync (default on Linux and FreeBSD)
					#   fsync
					#   fsync_writethrough
					#   open_sync
#full_page_writes = on			# recover from partial page writes
#wal_log_hints = off			# also do full page writes of non-critical updates
					# (change requires restart)
#wal_compression = off			# enables compression of full-page writes;
					# off, pglz, lz4, zstd, or on
#wal_init_zero = on			# zero-fill new WAL files
#wal_recycle = on			# recycle WAL files
wal_buffers = 16MB			# min 32kB, -1 sets based on shared_buffers
					# (change requires restart)
#wal_writer_delay = 200ms		# 1-10000 milliseconds
#wal_writer_flush_after = 1MB		# measured in pages, 0 disables
#wal_skip_threshold = 2MB

#commit_delay = 0			# range 0-100000, in microseconds
#commit_siblings = 5			# range 1-1000

# - Checkpoints -

#checkpoint_timeout = 5min		# range 30s-1d
checkpoint_completion_target = 0.9	# checkpoint target duration, 0.0 - 1.0
#checkpoint_flush_after = 256kB		# measured in pages, 0 disables
#checkpoint_warning = 30s		# 0 disables
max_wal_size = 1GB
min_wal_size = 512MB

# - Prefetching during recovery -

#recovery_prefetch = try		# prefetch pages referenced in the WAL?
#wal_decode_buffer_size = 512kB		# lookahead window used for prefetching
					# (change requires restart)

# - Archiving -

#archive_mode = off		# enables archiving; off, on, or always
				# (change requires restart)
#archive_library = ''		# library to use to archive a logfile segment
				# (empty string indicates archive_command should
				# be used)
#archive_command = ''		# command to use to archive a logfile segment
				# placeholders: %p = path of file to archive
				#               %f = file name only
				# e.g. 'test ! -f /mnt/server/archivedir/%f && cp %p /mnt/server/archivedir/%f'
#archive_timeout = 0		# force a logfile segment switch after this
				# number of seconds; 0 disables

# - Archive Recovery -

# These are only used in recovery mode.

#restore_command = ''		# command to use to restore an archived logfile segment
				# placeholders: %p = path of file to restore
				#               %f = file name only
				# e.g. 'cp /mnt/server/archivedir/%f %p'
#archive_cleanup_command = ''	# command to execute at every restartpoint
#recovery_end_command = ''	# command to execute at completion of recovery

# - Recovery Target -

# Set these only when performing a targeted recovery.

#recovery_target = ''		# 'immediate' to end recovery as soon as a
                                # consistent state is reached
				# (change requires restart)
#recovery_target_name = ''	# the named restore point to which recovery will proceed
				# (change requires restart)
#recovery_target_time = ''	# the time stamp up to which recovery will proceed
				# (change requires restart)
#recovery_target_xid = ''	# the transaction ID up to which recovery will proceed
				# (change requires restart)
#recovery_target_lsn = ''	# the WAL LSN up to which recovery will proceed
				# (change requires restart)
#recovery_target_inclusive = on # Specifies whether to stop:
				# just after the specified recovery target (on)
				# just before the recovery target (off)
				# (change requires restart)
#recovery_target_timeline = 'latest'	# 'current', 'latest', or timeline ID
				# (change requires restart)
#recovery_target_action = 'pause'	# 'pause', 'promote', 'shutdown'
				# (change requires restart)


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# REPLICATION
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Sending Servers -

# Set these on the primary and on any standby that will send replication data.

#max_wal_senders = 10		# max number of walsender processes
				# (change requires restart)
#max_replication_slots = 10	# max number of replication slots
				# (change requires restart)
#wal_keep_size = 0		# in megabytes; 0 disables
#max_slot_wal_keep_size = -1	# in megabytes; -1 disables
#wal_sender_timeout = 60s	# in milliseconds; 0 disables
#track_commit_timestamp = off	# collect timestamp of transaction commit
				# (change requires restart)

# - Primary Server -

# These settings are ignored on a standby server.

#synchronous_standby_names = ''	# standby servers that provide sync rep
				# method to choose sync standbys, number of sync standbys,
				# and comma-separated list of application_name
				# from standby(s); '*' = all
#vacuum_defer_cleanup_age = 0	# number of xacts by which cleanup is delayed

# - Standby Servers -

# These settings are ignored on a primary server.

#primary_conninfo = ''			# connection string to sending server
#primary_slot_name = ''			# replication slot on sending server
#promote_trigger_file = ''		# file name whose presence ends recovery
#hot_standby = on			# "off" disallows queries during recovery
					# (change requires restart)
#max_standby_archive_delay = 30s	# max delay before canceling queries
					# when reading WAL from archive;
					# -1 allows indefinite delay
#max_standby_streaming_delay = 30s	# max delay before canceling queries
					# when reading streaming WAL;
					# -1 allows indefinite delay
#wal_receiver_create_temp_slot = off	# create temp slot if primary_slot_name
					# is not set
#wal_receiver_status_interval = 10s	# send replies at least this often
					# 0 disables
#hot_standby_feedback = off		# send info from standby to prevent
					# query conflicts
#wal_receiver_timeout = 60s		# time that receiver waits for
					# communication from primary
					# in milliseconds; 0 disables
#wal_retrieve_retry_interval = 5s	# time to wait before retrying to
					# retrieve WAL after a failed attempt
#recovery_min_apply_delay = 0		# minimum delay for applying changes during recovery

# - Subscribers -

# These settings are ignored on a publisher.

#max_logical_replication_workers = 4	# taken from max_worker_processes
					# (change requires restart)
#max_sync_workers_per_subscription = 2	# taken from max_logical_replication_workers


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# QUERY TUNING
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Planner Method Configuration -

#enable_async_append = on
#enable_bitmapscan = on
#enable_gathermerge = on
#enable_hashagg = on
#enable_hashjoin = on
#enable_incremental_sort = on
#enable_indexscan = on
#enable_indexonlyscan = on
#enable_material = on
#enable_memoize = on
#enable_mergejoin = on
#enable_nestloop = on
#enable_parallel_append = on
#enable_parallel_hash = on
#enable_partition_pruning = on
#enable_partitionwise_join = off
#enable_partitionwise_aggregate = off
#enable_seqscan = on
#enable_sort = on
#enable_tidscan = on

# - Planner Cost Constants -

#seq_page_cost = 1.0			# measured on an arbitrary scale
random_page_cost = 1.1			# same scale as above
#cpu_tuple_cost = 0.01			# same scale as above
#cpu_index_tuple_cost = 0.005		# same scale as above
#cpu_operator_cost = 0.0025		# same scale as above
#parallel_setup_cost = 1000.0	# same scale as above
#parallel_tuple_cost = 0.1		# same scale as above
#min_parallel_table_scan_size = 8MB
#min_parallel_index_scan_size = 512kB
effective_cache_size = 4608MB

#jit_above_cost = 100000		# perform JIT compilation if available
					# and query more expensive than this;
					# -1 disables
#jit_inline_above_cost = 500000		# inline small functions if query is
					# more expensive than this; -1 disables
#jit_optimize_above_cost = 500000	# use expensive JIT optimizations if
					# query is more expensive than this;
					# -1 disables

# - Genetic Query Optimizer -

#geqo = on
#geqo_threshold = 12
#geqo_effort = 5			# range 1-10
#geqo_pool_size = 0			# selects default based on effort
#geqo_generations = 0			# selects default based on effort
#geqo_selection_bias = 2.0		# range 1.5-2.0
#geqo_seed = 0.0			# range 0.0-1.0

# - Other Planner Options -

default_statistics_target = 100	# range 1-10000
#constraint_exclusion = partition	# on, off, or partition
#cursor_tuple_fraction = 0.1		# range 0.0-1.0
#from_collapse_limit = 8
#jit = on				# allow JIT compilation
#join_collapse_limit = 8		# 1 disables collapsing of explicit
					# JOIN clauses
#plan_cache_mode = auto			# auto, force_generic_plan or
					# force_custom_plan
#recursive_worktable_factor = 10.0	# range 0.001-1000000


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# REPORTING AND LOGGING
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Where to Log -

#log_destination = 'stderr'		# Valid values are combinations of
					# stderr, csvlog, jsonlog, syslog, and
					# eventlog, depending on platform.
					# csvlog and jsonlog require
					# logging_collector to be on.

# This is used when logging to stderr:
#logging_collector = off		# Enable capturing of stderr, jsonlog,
					# and csvlog into log files. Required
					# to be on for csvlogs and jsonlogs.
					# (change requires restart)

# These are only used if logging_collector is on:
#log_directory = 'log'			# directory where log files are written,
					# can be absolute or relative to PGDATA
#log_filename = 'postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log'	# log file name pattern,
					# can include strftime() escapes
#log_file_mode = 0600			# creation mode for log files,
					# begin with 0 to use octal notation
#log_rotation_age = 1d			# Automatic rotation of logfiles will
					# happen after that time.  0 disables.
#log_rotation_size = 10MB		# Automatic rotation of logfiles will
					# happen after that much log output.
					# 0 disables.
#log_truncate_on_rotation = off		# If on, an existing log file with the
					# same name as the new log file will be
					# truncated rather than appended to.
					# But such truncation only occurs on
					# time-driven rotation, not on restarts
					# or size-driven rotation.  Default is
					# off, meaning append to existing files
					# in all cases.

# These are relevant when logging to syslog:
#syslog_facility = 'LOCAL0'
#syslog_ident = 'postgres'
#syslog_sequence_numbers = on
#syslog_split_messages = on

# This is only relevant when logging to eventlog (Windows):
# (change requires restart)
#event_source = 'PostgreSQL'

# - When to Log -

#log_min_messages = warning		# values in order of decreasing detail:
					#   debug5
					#   debug4
					#   debug3
					#   debug2
					#   debug1
					#   info
					#   notice
					#   warning
					#   error
					#   log
					#   fatal
					#   panic

#log_min_error_statement = error	# values in order of decreasing detail:
					#   debug5
					#   debug4
					#   debug3
					#   debug2
					#   debug1
					#   info
					#   notice
					#   warning
					#   error
					#   log
					#   fatal
					#   panic (effectively off)

#log_min_duration_statement = -1	# -1 is disabled, 0 logs all statements
					# and their durations, > 0 logs only
					# statements running at least this number
					# of milliseconds

#log_min_duration_sample = -1		# -1 is disabled, 0 logs a sample of statements
					# and their durations, > 0 logs only a sample of
					# statements running at least this number
					# of milliseconds;
					# sample fraction is determined by log_statement_sample_rate

#log_statement_sample_rate = 1.0	# fraction of logged statements exceeding
					# log_min_duration_sample to be logged;
					# 1.0 logs all such statements, 0.0 never logs


#log_transaction_sample_rate = 0.0	# fraction of transactions whose statements
					# are logged regardless of their duration; 1.0 logs all
					# statements from all transactions, 0.0 never logs

#log_startup_progress_interval = 10s	# Time between progress updates for
					# long-running startup operations.
					# 0 disables the feature, > 0 indicates
					# the interval in milliseconds.

# - What to Log -

#debug_print_parse = off
#debug_print_rewritten = off
#debug_print_plan = off
#debug_pretty_print = on
#log_autovacuum_min_duration = 10min	# log autovacuum activity;
					# -1 disables, 0 logs all actions and
					# their durations, > 0 logs only
					# actions running at least this number
					# of milliseconds.
#log_checkpoints = on
#log_connections = off
#log_disconnections = off
#log_duration = off
#log_error_verbosity = default		# terse, default, or verbose messages
#log_hostname = off
#log_line_prefix = '%m [%p] '		# special values:
					#   %a = application name
					#   %u = user name
					#   %d = database name
					#   %r = remote host and port
					#   %h = remote host
					#   %b = backend type
					#   %p = process ID
					#   %P = process ID of parallel group leader
					#   %t = timestamp without milliseconds
					#   %m = timestamp with milliseconds
					#   %n = timestamp with milliseconds (as a Unix epoch)
					#   %Q = query ID (0 if none or not computed)
					#   %i = command tag
					#   %e = SQL state
					#   %c = session ID
					#   %l = session line number
					#   %s = session start timestamp
					#   %v = virtual transaction ID
					#   %x = transaction ID (0 if none)
					#   %q = stop here in non-session
					#        processes
					#   %% = '%'
					# e.g. '<%u%%%d> '
#log_lock_waits = off			# log lock waits >= deadlock_timeout
#log_recovery_conflict_waits = off	# log standby recovery conflict waits
					# >= deadlock_timeout
#log_parameter_max_length = -1		# when logging statements, limit logged
					# bind-parameter values to N bytes;
					# -1 means print in full, 0 disables
#log_parameter_max_length_on_error = 0	# when logging an error, limit logged
					# bind-parameter values to N bytes;
					# -1 means print in full, 0 disables
#log_statement = 'none'			# none, ddl, mod, all
#log_replication_commands = off
#log_temp_files = -1			# log temporary files equal or larger
					# than the specified size in kilobytes;
					# -1 disables, 0 logs all temp files
log_timezone = 'Etc/UTC'


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# PROCESS TITLE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#cluster_name = ''			# added to process titles if nonempty
					# (change requires restart)
#update_process_title = on


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# STATISTICS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Cumulative Query and Index Statistics -

#track_activities = on
#track_activity_query_size = 1024	# (change requires restart)
#track_counts = on
#track_io_timing = off
#track_wal_io_timing = off
#track_functions = none			# none, pl, all
#stats_fetch_consistency = cache


# - Monitoring -

#compute_query_id = auto
#log_statement_stats = off
#log_parser_stats = off
#log_planner_stats = off
#log_executor_stats = off


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# AUTOVACUUM
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#autovacuum = on			# Enable autovacuum subprocess?  'on'
					# requires track_counts to also be on.
autovacuum_max_workers = 10		# max number of autovacuum subprocesses
					# (change requires restart)
autovacuum_naptime = 10		# time between autovacuum runs
#autovacuum_vacuum_threshold = 50	# min number of row updates before
					# vacuum
#autovacuum_vacuum_insert_threshold = 1000	# min number of row inserts
					# before vacuum; -1 disables insert
					# vacuums
#autovacuum_analyze_threshold = 50	# min number of row updates before
					# analyze
#autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor = 0.2	# fraction of table size before vacuum
#autovacuum_vacuum_insert_scale_factor = 0.2	# fraction of inserts over table
					# size before insert vacuum
#autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor = 0.1	# fraction of table size before analyze
#autovacuum_freeze_max_age = 200000000	# maximum XID age before forced vacuum
					# (change requires restart)
#autovacuum_multixact_freeze_max_age = 400000000	# maximum multixact age
					# before forced vacuum
					# (change requires restart)
#autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay = 2ms	# default vacuum cost delay for
					# autovacuum, in milliseconds;
					# -1 means use vacuum_cost_delay
#autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit = -1	# default vacuum cost limit for
					# autovacuum, -1 means use
					# vacuum_cost_limit


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CLIENT CONNECTION DEFAULTS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Statement Behavior -

#client_min_messages = notice		# values in order of decreasing detail:
					#   debug5
					#   debug4
					#   debug3
					#   debug2
					#   debug1
					#   log
					#   notice
					#   warning
					#   error
#search_path = '"$user", public'	# schema names
#row_security = on
#default_table_access_method = 'heap'
#default_tablespace = ''		# a tablespace name, '' uses the default
#default_toast_compression = 'pglz'	# 'pglz' or 'lz4'
#temp_tablespaces = ''			# a list of tablespace names, '' uses
					# only default tablespace
#check_function_bodies = on
#default_transaction_isolation = 'read committed'
#default_transaction_read_only = off
#default_transaction_deferrable = off
#session_replication_role = 'origin'
#statement_timeout = 0			# in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
#lock_timeout = 0			# in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
#idle_in_transaction_session_timeout = 0	# in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
#idle_session_timeout = 0		# in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
#vacuum_freeze_table_age = 150000000
#vacuum_freeze_min_age = 50000000
#vacuum_failsafe_age = 1600000000
#vacuum_multixact_freeze_table_age = 150000000
#vacuum_multixact_freeze_min_age = 5000000
#vacuum_multixact_failsafe_age = 1600000000
#bytea_output = 'hex'			# hex, escape
#xmlbinary = 'base64'
#xmloption = 'content'
#gin_pending_list_limit = 4MB

# - Locale and Formatting -

datestyle = 'iso, mdy'
#intervalstyle = 'postgres'
timezone = 'Etc/UTC'
#timezone_abbreviations = 'Default'     # Select the set of available time zone
					# abbreviations.  Currently, there are
					#   Default
					#   Australia (historical usage)
					#   India
					# You can create your own file in
					# share/timezonesets/.
#extra_float_digits = 1			# min -15, max 3; any value >0 actually
					# selects precise output mode
#client_encoding = sql_ascii		# actually, defaults to database
					# encoding

# These settings are initialized by initdb, but they can be changed.
lc_messages = 'C.UTF-8'			# locale for system error message
					# strings
lc_monetary = 'C.UTF-8'			# locale for monetary formatting
lc_numeric = 'C.UTF-8'			# locale for number formatting
lc_time = 'C.UTF-8'				# locale for time formatting

# default configuration for text search
default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.english'

# - Shared Library Preloading -

#local_preload_libraries = ''
#session_preload_libraries = ''
shared_preload_libraries = 'timescaledb'	# (change requires restart)
#jit_provider = 'llvmjit'		# JIT library to use

# - Other Defaults -

#dynamic_library_path = '$libdir'
#extension_destdir = ''			# prepend path when loading extensions
					# and shared objects (added by Debian)
#gin_fuzzy_search_limit = 0


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# LOCK MANAGEMENT
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#deadlock_timeout = 1s
max_locks_per_transaction = 128		# min 10
					# (change requires restart)
#max_pred_locks_per_transaction = 64	# min 10
					# (change requires restart)
#max_pred_locks_per_relation = -2	# negative values mean
					# (max_pred_locks_per_transaction
					#  / -max_pred_locks_per_relation) - 1
#max_pred_locks_per_page = 2            # min 0


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# VERSION AND PLATFORM COMPATIBILITY
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Previous PostgreSQL Versions -

#array_nulls = on
#backslash_quote = safe_encoding	# on, off, or safe_encoding
#escape_string_warning = on
#lo_compat_privileges = off
#quote_all_identifiers = off
#standard_conforming_strings = on
#synchronize_seqscans = on

# - Other Platforms and Clients -

#transform_null_equals = off


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ERROR HANDLING
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#exit_on_error = off			# terminate session on any error?
#restart_after_crash = on		# reinitialize after backend crash?
#data_sync_retry = off			# retry or panic on failure to fsync
					# data?
					# (change requires restart)
#recovery_init_sync_method = fsync	# fsync, syncfs (Linux 5.8+)


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CONFIG FILE INCLUDES
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# These options allow settings to be loaded from files other than the
# default postgresql.conf.  Note that these are directives, not variable
# assignments, so they can usefully be given more than once.

#include_dir = '...'			# include files ending in '.conf' from
					# a directory, e.g., 'conf.d'
#include_if_exists = '...'		# include file only if it exists
#include = '...'			# include file


#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CUSTOMIZED OPTIONS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Add settings for extensions here
listen_addresses = '*'
timescaledb.telemetry_level=basic
timescaledb.max_background_workers = 16
timescaledb.last_tuned = '2024-10-10T19:56:48Z'
timescaledb.last_tuned_version = '0.17.1'

[justinclift]

Thanks @miroslavkovac. I can't look at this properly today (a whole bunch of higher priority tasks hit my inbox today), but should have time to sometime over the next few days. 😄