planner: add variables for instance plan cache

[qw4990]

First-time contributors' checklist

• I've signed Contributor License Agreement that's required for repo owners to accept my contribution.

What is changed, added or deleted? (Required)

Which TiDB version(s) do your changes apply to? (Required)

Tips for choosing the affected version(s):

By default, CHOOSE MASTER ONLY so your changes will be applied to the next TiDB major or minor releases. If your PR involves a product feature behavior change or a compatibility change, CHOOSE THE AFFECTED RELEASE BRANCH(ES) AND MASTER.

For details, see tips for choosing the affected versions (in Chinese).

• master (the latest development version)
• v8.4 (TiDB 8.4 versions)
• v8.3 (TiDB 8.3 versions)
• v8.2 (TiDB 8.2 versions)
• v8.1 (TiDB 8.1 versions)
• v7.5 (TiDB 7.5 versions)
• v7.1 (TiDB 7.1 versions)
• v6.5 (TiDB 6.5 versions)
• v6.1 (TiDB 6.1 versions)
• v5.4 (TiDB 5.4 versions)
• v5.3 (TiDB 5.3 versions))

What is the related PR or file link(s)?

• This PR is translated from: planner: add variables for instance plan cache docs#18830
• Other reference link(s): planner: instance/node level plan cache - phase 1 tidb#54057

Do your changes match any of the following descriptions?

• Delete files
• Change aliases
• Need modification after applied to another branch
• Might cause conflicts after applied to another branch

[ti-chi-bot]

@time-and-fate: adding LGTM is restricted to approvers and reviewers in OWNERS files.

In response to this:

Instructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available here. If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the kubernetes/test-infra repository.

[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is NOT APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by:
Once this PR has been reviewed and has the lgtm label, please ask for approval from oreoxmt, ensuring that each of them provides their approval before proceeding. For more information see the Code Review Process.

The full list of commands accepted by this bot can be found here.

Needs approval from an approver in each of these files:

• OWNERS

Approvers can indicate their approval by writing /approve in a comment
Approvers can cancel approval by writing /approve cancel in a comment

[songrijie]

这3个变量要说明下单位是“字节”。

[qiancai]

Rest LGTM

[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2024-09-19 07:48:51.389539829 +0000 UTC m=+1120201.129963770: ☑️ agreed by Oreoxmt.
• 2024-09-20 04:05:18.704121859 +0000 UTC m=+1193188.444545798: ☑️ agreed by qiancai.