diff --git a/api/cosmos/base/abci/v1beta1/abci.pulsar.go b/api/cosmos/base/abci/v1beta1/abci.pulsar.go
index 9b5ea1a430a8..afde15940d36 100644
--- a/api/cosmos/base/abci/v1beta1/abci.pulsar.go
+++ b/api/cosmos/base/abci/v1beta1/abci.pulsar.go
@@ -3511,6 +3511,7 @@ var (
 	fd_Result_log           protoreflect.FieldDescriptor
 	fd_Result_events        protoreflect.FieldDescriptor
 	fd_Result_msg_responses protoreflect.FieldDescriptor
+	fd_Result_evm_error     protoreflect.FieldDescriptor
 )
 
 func init() {
@@ -3520,6 +3521,7 @@ func init() {
 	fd_Result_log = md_Result.Fields().ByName("log")
 	fd_Result_events = md_Result.Fields().ByName("events")
 	fd_Result_msg_responses = md_Result.Fields().ByName("msg_responses")
+	fd_Result_evm_error = md_Result.Fields().ByName("evm_error")
 }
 
 var _ protoreflect.Message = (*fastReflection_Result)(nil)
@@ -3611,6 +3613,12 @@ func (x *fastReflection_Result) Range(f func(protoreflect.FieldDescriptor, proto
 			return
 		}
 	}
+	if x.EvmError != "" {
+		value := protoreflect.ValueOfString(x.EvmError)
+		if !f(fd_Result_evm_error, value) {
+			return
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 // Has reports whether a field is populated.
@@ -3634,6 +3642,8 @@ func (x *fastReflection_Result) Has(fd protoreflect.FieldDescriptor) bool {
 		return len(x.Events) != 0
 	case "cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result.msg_responses":
 		return len(x.MsgResponses) != 0
+	case "cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result.evm_error":
+		return x.EvmError != ""
 	default:
 		if fd.IsExtension() {
 			panic(fmt.Errorf("proto3 declared messages do not support extensions: cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result"))
@@ -3658,6 +3668,8 @@ func (x *fastReflection_Result) Clear(fd protoreflect.FieldDescriptor) {
 		x.Events = nil
 	case "cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result.msg_responses":
 		x.MsgResponses = nil
+	case "cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result.evm_error":
+		x.EvmError = ""
 	default:
 		if fd.IsExtension() {
 			panic(fmt.Errorf("proto3 declared messages do not support extensions: cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result"))
@@ -3692,6 +3704,9 @@ func (x *fastReflection_Result) Get(descriptor protoreflect.FieldDescriptor) pro
 		}
 		listValue := &_Result_4_list{list: &x.MsgResponses}
 		return protoreflect.ValueOfList(listValue)
+	case "cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result.evm_error":
+		value := x.EvmError
+		return protoreflect.ValueOfString(value)
 	default:
 		if descriptor.IsExtension() {
 			panic(fmt.Errorf("proto3 declared messages do not support extensions: cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result"))
@@ -3724,6 +3739,8 @@ func (x *fastReflection_Result) Set(fd protoreflect.FieldDescriptor, value proto
 		lv := value.List()
 		clv := lv.(*_Result_4_list)
 		x.MsgResponses = *clv.list
+	case "cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result.evm_error":
+		x.EvmError = value.Interface().(string)
 	default:
 		if fd.IsExtension() {
 			panic(fmt.Errorf("proto3 declared messages do not support extensions: cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result"))
@@ -3760,6 +3777,8 @@ func (x *fastReflection_Result) Mutable(fd protoreflect.FieldDescriptor) protore
 		panic(fmt.Errorf("field data of message cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result is not mutable"))
 	case "cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result.log":
 		panic(fmt.Errorf("field log of message cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result is not mutable"))
+	case "cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result.evm_error":
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("field evm_error of message cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result is not mutable"))
 	default:
 		if fd.IsExtension() {
 			panic(fmt.Errorf("proto3 declared messages do not support extensions: cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result"))
@@ -3783,6 +3802,8 @@ func (x *fastReflection_Result) NewField(fd protoreflect.FieldDescriptor) protor
 	case "cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result.msg_responses":
 		list := []*anypb.Any{}
 		return protoreflect.ValueOfList(&_Result_4_list{list: &list})
+	case "cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result.evm_error":
+		return protoreflect.ValueOfString("")
 	default:
 		if fd.IsExtension() {
 			panic(fmt.Errorf("proto3 declared messages do not support extensions: cosmos.base.abci.v1beta1.Result"))
@@ -3872,6 +3893,10 @@ func (x *fastReflection_Result) ProtoMethods() *protoiface.Methods {
 				n += 1 + l + runtime.Sov(uint64(l))
 			}
 		}
+		l = len(x.EvmError)
+		if l > 0 {
+			n += 1 + l + runtime.Sov(uint64(l))
+		}
 		if x.unknownFields != nil {
 			n += len(x.unknownFields)
 		}
@@ -3901,6 +3926,13 @@ func (x *fastReflection_Result) ProtoMethods() *protoiface.Methods {
 			i -= len(x.unknownFields)
 			copy(dAtA[i:], x.unknownFields)
 		}
+		if len(x.EvmError) > 0 {
+			i -= len(x.EvmError)
+			copy(dAtA[i:], x.EvmError)
+			i = runtime.EncodeVarint(dAtA, i, uint64(len(x.EvmError)))
+			i--
+			dAtA[i] = 0x2a
+		}
 		if len(x.MsgResponses) > 0 {
 			for iNdEx := len(x.MsgResponses) - 1; iNdEx >= 0; iNdEx-- {
 				encoded, err := options.Marshal(x.MsgResponses[iNdEx])
@@ -4130,6 +4162,38 @@ func (x *fastReflection_Result) ProtoMethods() *protoiface.Methods {
 					return protoiface.UnmarshalOutput{NoUnkeyedLiterals: input.NoUnkeyedLiterals, Flags: input.Flags}, err
 				}
 				iNdEx = postIndex
+			case 5:
+				if wireType != 2 {
+					return protoiface.UnmarshalOutput{NoUnkeyedLiterals: input.NoUnkeyedLiterals, Flags: input.Flags}, fmt.Errorf("proto: wrong wireType = %d for field EvmError", wireType)
+				}
+				var stringLen uint64
+				for shift := uint(0); ; shift += 7 {
+					if shift >= 64 {
+						return protoiface.UnmarshalOutput{NoUnkeyedLiterals: input.NoUnkeyedLiterals, Flags: input.Flags}, runtime.ErrIntOverflow
+					}
+					if iNdEx >= l {
+						return protoiface.UnmarshalOutput{NoUnkeyedLiterals: input.NoUnkeyedLiterals, Flags: input.Flags}, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
+					}
+					b := dAtA[iNdEx]
+					iNdEx++
+					stringLen |= uint64(b&0x7F) << shift
+					if b < 0x80 {
+						break
+					}
+				}
+				intStringLen := int(stringLen)
+				if intStringLen < 0 {
+					return protoiface.UnmarshalOutput{NoUnkeyedLiterals: input.NoUnkeyedLiterals, Flags: input.Flags}, runtime.ErrInvalidLength
+				}
+				postIndex := iNdEx + intStringLen
+				if postIndex < 0 {
+					return protoiface.UnmarshalOutput{NoUnkeyedLiterals: input.NoUnkeyedLiterals, Flags: input.Flags}, runtime.ErrInvalidLength
+				}
+				if postIndex > l {
+					return protoiface.UnmarshalOutput{NoUnkeyedLiterals: input.NoUnkeyedLiterals, Flags: input.Flags}, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
+				}
+				x.EvmError = string(dAtA[iNdEx:postIndex])
+				iNdEx = postIndex
 			default:
 				iNdEx = preIndex
 				skippy, err := runtime.Skip(dAtA[iNdEx:])
@@ -7644,6 +7708,8 @@ type Result struct {
 	//
 	// Since: cosmos-sdk 0.46
 	MsgResponses []*anypb.Any `protobuf:"bytes,4,rep,name=msg_responses,json=msgResponses,proto3" json:"msg_responses,omitempty"`
+	// EVM VM error during execution
+	EvmError string `protobuf:"bytes,5,opt,name=evm_error,json=evmError,proto3" json:"evm_error,omitempty"`
 }
 
 func (x *Result) Reset() {
@@ -7695,6 +7761,13 @@ func (x *Result) GetMsgResponses() []*anypb.Any {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (x *Result) GetEvmError() string {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.EvmError
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
 // SimulationResponse defines the response generated when a transaction is
 // successfully simulated.
 type SimulationResponse struct {
@@ -8071,7 +8144,7 @@ var file_cosmos_base_abci_v1beta1_abci_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x73, 0x5f, 0x77, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x65, 0x64, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x04, 0x52, 0x09,
 	0x67, 0x61, 0x73, 0x57, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x65, 0x64, 0x12, 0x19, 0x0a, 0x08, 0x67, 0x61, 0x73,
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@@ -8081,73 +8154,74 @@ var file_cosmos_base_abci_v1beta1_abci_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x39, 0x0a, 0x0d, 0x6d, 0x73, 0x67, 0x5f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x73, 0x70, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x65, 0x73,
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 }
 
 var (
diff --git a/baseapp/noopgasmeter.go b/baseapp/noopgasmeter.go
index c341bcbe7b11..a91388871a42 100644
--- a/baseapp/noopgasmeter.go
+++ b/baseapp/noopgasmeter.go
@@ -6,12 +6,13 @@ type noopGasMeter struct{}
 
 var _ storetypes.GasMeter = noopGasMeter{}
 
-func (noopGasMeter) GasConsumed() storetypes.Gas        { return 0 }
-func (noopGasMeter) GasConsumedToLimit() storetypes.Gas { return 0 }
-func (noopGasMeter) GasRemaining() storetypes.Gas       { return 0 }
-func (noopGasMeter) Limit() storetypes.Gas              { return 0 }
-func (noopGasMeter) ConsumeGas(storetypes.Gas, string)  {}
-func (noopGasMeter) RefundGas(storetypes.Gas, string)   {}
-func (noopGasMeter) IsPastLimit() bool                  { return false }
-func (noopGasMeter) IsOutOfGas() bool                   { return false }
-func (noopGasMeter) String() string                     { return "noopGasMeter" }
+func (noopGasMeter) GasConsumed() storetypes.Gas                        { return 0 }
+func (noopGasMeter) GasConsumedToLimit() storetypes.Gas                 { return 0 }
+func (noopGasMeter) GasRemaining() storetypes.Gas                       { return 0 }
+func (noopGasMeter) Limit() storetypes.Gas                              { return 0 }
+func (noopGasMeter) ConsumeGas(storetypes.Gas, string)                  {}
+func (noopGasMeter) RefundGas(storetypes.Gas, string)                   {}
+func (noopGasMeter) IsPastLimit() bool                                  { return false }
+func (noopGasMeter) IsOutOfGas() bool                                   { return false }
+func (noopGasMeter) String() string                                     { return "noopGasMeter" }
+func (noopGasMeter) Multiplier() (numerator uint64, denominator uint64) { return 1, 1 }
diff --git a/client/context.go b/client/context.go
index d73d72e21543..24dfe5c9fd8e 100644
--- a/client/context.go
+++ b/client/context.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"os"
 
+	rpcclient "github.com/cometbft/cometbft/rpc/client"
 	"github.com/cosmos/gogoproto/proto"
 	"github.com/spf13/viper"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ type PreprocessTxFn func(chainID string, key keyring.KeyType, tx TxBuilder) erro
 // handling and queries.
 type Context struct {
 	FromAddress       sdk.AccAddress
-	Client            CometRPC
+	Client            rpcclient.Client
 	GRPCClient        *grpc.ClientConn
 	ChainID           string
 	Codec             codec.Codec
@@ -140,7 +141,7 @@ func (ctx Context) WithHeight(height int64) Context {
 
 // WithClient returns a copy of the context with an updated RPC client
 // instance.
-func (ctx Context) WithClient(client CometRPC) Context {
+func (ctx Context) WithClient(client rpcclient.Client) Context {
 	ctx.Client = client
 	return ctx
 }
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 87677ef1c945..8d13cc482113 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -2,6 +2,14 @@ go 1.21
 
 module github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk
 
+replace (
+	cosmossdk.io/store => ./store
+	// reece/evm-v50s
+	github.com/cometbft/cometbft => /home/reece/Desktop/Programming/Go/cometbft
+
+	github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum => github.com/sei-protocol/go-ethereum v1.13.5-sei-22
+)
+
 require (
 	cosmossdk.io/api v0.7.5
 	cosmossdk.io/collections v0.4.0
@@ -14,7 +22,7 @@ require (
 	cosmossdk.io/x/tx v0.13.3
 	github.com/99designs/keyring v1.2.1
 	github.com/bgentry/speakeasy v0.1.1-0.20220910012023-760eaf8b6816
-	github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.8.0
+	github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.10.0
 	github.com/chzyer/readline v1.5.1
 	github.com/cockroachdb/apd/v2 v2.0.2
 	github.com/cockroachdb/errors v1.11.1
@@ -27,6 +35,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/cosmos/gogoproto v1.4.12
 	github.com/cosmos/ledger-cosmos-go v0.13.3
 	github.com/decred/dcrd/dcrec/secp256k1/v4 v4.2.0
+	github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum v1.13.2
 	github.com/golang/mock v1.6.0
 	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4
 	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.6.0
@@ -80,8 +89,11 @@ require (
 	github.com/cockroachdb/redact v1.1.5 // indirect
 	github.com/cockroachdb/tokenbucket v0.0.0-20230807174530-cc333fc44b06 // indirect
 	github.com/cometbft/cometbft-db v0.9.1 // indirect
+	github.com/consensys/bavard v0.1.13 // indirect
+	github.com/consensys/gnark-crypto v0.12.1 // indirect
 	github.com/cosmos/iavl v1.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/cosmos/ics23/go v0.10.0 // indirect
+	github.com/crate-crypto/go-kzg-4844 v0.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/danieljoos/wincred v1.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.2-0.20180830191138-d8f796af33cc // indirect
 	github.com/desertbit/timer v0.0.0-20180107155436-c41aec40b27f // indirect
@@ -91,6 +103,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/dvsekhvalnov/jose2go v1.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/emicklei/dot v1.6.1 // indirect
+	github.com/ethereum/c-kzg-4844 v0.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/fatih/color v1.15.0 // indirect
 	github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.7.0 // indirect
@@ -102,7 +115,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/gogo/googleapis v1.4.1 // indirect
 	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/glog v1.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.4 // indirect
+	github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.5-0.20220116011046-fa5810519dcb // indirect
 	github.com/google/btree v1.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/google/orderedcode v0.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/websocket v1.5.0 // indirect
@@ -110,8 +123,10 @@ require (
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-hclog v1.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-immutable-radix v1.3.1 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-plugin v1.5.2 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2 v2.0.7 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/hcl v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/yamux v0.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/holiman/uint256 v1.2.4 // indirect
 	github.com/iancoleman/strcase v0.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/jmhodges/levigo v1.0.0 // indirect
@@ -119,12 +134,12 @@ require (
 	github.com/kr/pretty v0.3.1 // indirect
 	github.com/kr/text v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/lib/pq v1.10.7 // indirect
-	github.com/libp2p/go-buffer-pool v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/linxGnu/grocksdb v1.8.14 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 // indirect
 	github.com/minio/highwayhash v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/go-testing-interface v1.14.1 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mmcloughlin/addchain v0.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mtibben/percent v0.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/nxadm/tail v1.4.8 // indirect
 	github.com/oasisprotocol/curve25519-voi v0.0.0-20230904125328-1f23a7beb09a // indirect
@@ -144,6 +159,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/sourcegraph/conc v0.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/afero v1.11.0 // indirect
 	github.com/subosito/gotenv v1.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/supranational/blst v0.3.11 // indirect
 	github.com/syndtr/goleveldb v1.0.1-0.20220721030215-126854af5e6d // indirect
 	github.com/tidwall/btree v1.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/zondax/hid v0.9.2 // indirect
@@ -159,6 +175,7 @@ require (
 	gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 	nhooyr.io/websocket v1.8.6 // indirect
+	rsc.io/tmplfunc v0.0.3 // indirect
 )
 
 // Here are the short-lived replace from the Cosmos SDK
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index d31f4a5f6e75..a44e3f3da83b 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@ cosmossdk.io/log v1.3.1 h1:UZx8nWIkfbbNEWusZqzAx3ZGvu54TZacWib3EzUYmGI=
 cosmossdk.io/log v1.3.1/go.mod h1:2/dIomt8mKdk6vl3OWJcPk2be3pGOS8OQaLUM/3/tCM=
 cosmossdk.io/math v1.3.0 h1:RC+jryuKeytIiictDslBP9i1fhkVm6ZDmZEoNP316zE=
 cosmossdk.io/math v1.3.0/go.mod h1:vnRTxewy+M7BtXBNFybkuhSH4WfedVAAnERHgVFhp3k=
-cosmossdk.io/store v1.1.0 h1:LnKwgYMc9BInn9PhpTFEQVbL9UK475G2H911CGGnWHk=
-cosmossdk.io/store v1.1.0/go.mod h1:oZfW/4Fc/zYqu3JmQcQdUJ3fqu5vnYTn3LZFFy8P8ng=
 cosmossdk.io/x/tx v0.13.3 h1:Ha4mNaHmxBc6RMun9aKuqul8yHiL78EKJQ8g23Zf73g=
 cosmossdk.io/x/tx v0.13.3/go.mod h1:I8xaHv0rhUdIvIdptKIqzYy27+n2+zBVaxO6fscFhys=
 dmitri.shuralyov.com/gpu/mtl v0.0.0-20190408044501-666a987793e9/go.mod h1:H6x//7gZCb22OMCxBHrMx7a5I7Hp++hsVxbQ4BYO7hU=
@@ -40,6 +38,10 @@ github.com/OneOfOne/xxhash v1.2.2 h1:KMrpdQIwFcEqXDklaen+P1axHaj9BSKzvpUUfnHldSE
 github.com/OneOfOne/xxhash v1.2.2/go.mod h1:HSdplMjZKSmBqAxg5vPj2TmRDmfkzw+cTzAElWljhcU=
 github.com/Shopify/sarama v1.19.0/go.mod h1:FVkBWblsNy7DGZRfXLU0O9RCGt5g3g3yEuWXgklEdEo=
 github.com/Shopify/toxiproxy v2.1.4+incompatible/go.mod h1:OXgGpZ6Cli1/URJOF1DMxUHB2q5Ap20/P/eIdh4G0pI=
+github.com/StackExchange/wmi v1.2.1 h1:VIkavFPXSjcnS+O8yTq7NI32k0R5Aj+v39y29VYDOSA=
+github.com/StackExchange/wmi v1.2.1/go.mod h1:rcmrprowKIVzvc+NUiLncP2uuArMWLCbu9SBzvHz7e8=
+github.com/VictoriaMetrics/fastcache v1.12.1 h1:i0mICQuojGDL3KblA7wUNlY5lOK6a4bwt3uRKnkZU40=
+github.com/VictoriaMetrics/fastcache v1.12.1/go.mod h1:tX04vaqcNoQeGLD+ra5pU5sWkuxnzWhEzLwhP9w653o=
 github.com/VividCortex/gohistogram v1.0.0 h1:6+hBz+qvs0JOrrNhhmR7lFxo5sINxBCGXrdtl/UvroE=
 github.com/VividCortex/gohistogram v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Pf5mBqqDxYaXu3hDrrU+w6nw50o/4+TcAqDqk/vUH7g=
 github.com/adlio/schema v1.3.3 h1:oBJn8I02PyTB466pZO1UZEn1TV5XLlifBSyMrmHl/1I=
@@ -69,8 +71,8 @@ github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1/go.mod h1:G2ZrVWU2WbWT9wwq4/hrbKbnv/1ERSJQ0ibhJ6r
 github.com/bgentry/speakeasy v0.1.0/go.mod h1:+zsyZBPWlz7T6j88CTgSN5bM796AkVf0kBD4zp0CCIs=
 github.com/bgentry/speakeasy v0.1.1-0.20220910012023-760eaf8b6816 h1:41iFGWnSlI2gVpmOtVTJZNodLdLQLn/KsJqFvXwnd/s=
 github.com/bgentry/speakeasy v0.1.1-0.20220910012023-760eaf8b6816/go.mod h1:+zsyZBPWlz7T6j88CTgSN5bM796AkVf0kBD4zp0CCIs=
-github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.8.0 h1:FD+XqgOZDUxxZ8hzoBFuV9+cGWY9CslN6d5MS5JVb4c=
-github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.8.0/go.mod h1:7hO7Gc7Pp1vODcmWvKMRA9BNmbv6a/7QIWpPxHddWR8=
+github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.10.0 h1:ePXTeiPEazB5+opbv5fr8umg2R/1NlzgDsyepwsSr88=
+github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.10.0/go.mod h1:7hO7Gc7Pp1vODcmWvKMRA9BNmbv6a/7QIWpPxHddWR8=
 github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcec/v2 v2.3.2 h1:5n0X6hX0Zk+6omWcihdYvdAlGf2DfasC0GMf7DClJ3U=
 github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcec/v2 v2.3.2/go.mod h1:zYzJ8etWJQIv1Ogk7OzpWjowwOdXY1W/17j2MW85J04=
 github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcutil v1.1.3 h1:xfbtw8lwpp0G6NwSHb+UE67ryTFHJAiNuipusjXSohQ=
@@ -133,10 +135,12 @@ github.com/cockroachdb/redact v1.1.5/go.mod h1:BVNblN9mBWFyMyqK1k3AAiSxhvhfK2oOZ
 github.com/cockroachdb/tokenbucket v0.0.0-20230807174530-cc333fc44b06 h1:zuQyyAKVxetITBuuhv3BI9cMrmStnpT18zmgmTxunpo=
 github.com/cockroachdb/tokenbucket v0.0.0-20230807174530-cc333fc44b06/go.mod h1:7nc4anLGjupUW/PeY5qiNYsdNXj7zopG+eqsS7To5IQ=
 github.com/codahale/hdrhistogram v0.0.0-20161010025455-3a0bb77429bd/go.mod h1:sE/e/2PUdi/liOCUjSTXgM1o87ZssimdTWN964YiIeI=
-github.com/cometbft/cometbft v0.38.7 h1:ULhIOJ9+LgSy6nLekhq9ae3juX3NnQUMMPyVdhZV6Hk=
-github.com/cometbft/cometbft v0.38.7/go.mod h1:HIyf811dFMI73IE0F7RrnY/Fr+d1+HuJAgtkEpQjCMY=
 github.com/cometbft/cometbft-db v0.9.1 h1:MIhVX5ja5bXNHF8EYrThkG9F7r9kSfv8BX4LWaxWJ4M=
 github.com/cometbft/cometbft-db v0.9.1/go.mod h1:iliyWaoV0mRwBJoizElCwwRA9Tf7jZJOURcRZF9m60U=
+github.com/consensys/bavard v0.1.13 h1:oLhMLOFGTLdlda/kma4VOJazblc7IM5y5QPd2A/YjhQ=
+github.com/consensys/bavard v0.1.13/go.mod h1:9ItSMtA/dXMAiL7BG6bqW2m3NdSEObYWoH223nGHukI=
+github.com/consensys/gnark-crypto v0.12.1 h1:lHH39WuuFgVHONRl3J0LRBtuYdQTumFSDtJF7HpyG8M=
+github.com/consensys/gnark-crypto v0.12.1/go.mod h1:v2Gy7L/4ZRosZ7Ivs+9SfUDr0f5UlG+EM5t7MPHiLuY=
 github.com/containerd/continuity v0.3.0 h1:nisirsYROK15TAMVukJOUyGJjz4BNQJBVsNvAXZJ/eg=
 github.com/containerd/continuity v0.3.0/go.mod h1:wJEAIwKOm/pBZuBd0JmeTvnLquTB1Ag8espWhkykbPM=
 github.com/coreos/etcd v3.3.10+incompatible/go.mod h1:uF7uidLiAD3TWHmW31ZFd/JWoc32PjwdhPthX9715RE=
@@ -169,6 +173,10 @@ github.com/cosmos/ledger-cosmos-go v0.13.3/go.mod h1:HENcEP+VtahZFw38HZ3+LS3Iv5X
 github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man v1.0.10/go.mod h1:SmD6nW6nTyfqj6ABTjUi3V3JVMnlJmwcJI5acqYI6dE=
 github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.0-20190314233015-f79a8a8ca69d/go.mod h1:maD7wRr/U5Z6m/iR4s+kqSMx2CaBsrgA7czyZG/E6dU=
 github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.3/go.mod h1:tgQtvFlXSQOSOSIRvRPT7W67SCa46tRHOmNcaadrF8o=
+github.com/crate-crypto/go-ipa v0.0.0-20231025140028-3c0104f4b233 h1:d28BXYi+wUpz1KBmiF9bWrjEMacUEREV6MBi2ODnrfQ=
+github.com/crate-crypto/go-ipa v0.0.0-20231025140028-3c0104f4b233/go.mod h1:geZJZH3SzKCqnz5VT0q/DyIG/tvu/dZk+VIfXicupJs=
+github.com/crate-crypto/go-kzg-4844 v0.7.0 h1:C0vgZRk4q4EZ/JgPfzuSoxdCq3C3mOZMBShovmncxvA=
+github.com/crate-crypto/go-kzg-4844 v0.7.0/go.mod h1:1kMhvPgI0Ky3yIa+9lFySEBUBXkYxeOi8ZF1sYioxhc=
 github.com/creack/pty v1.1.7/go.mod h1:lj5s0c3V2DBrqTV7llrYr5NG6My20zk30Fl46Y7DoTY=
 github.com/creack/pty v1.1.9/go.mod h1:oKZEueFk5CKHvIhNR5MUki03XCEU+Q6VDXinZuGJ33E=
 github.com/danieljoos/wincred v1.1.2 h1:QLdCxFs1/Yl4zduvBdcHB8goaYk9RARS2SgLLRuAyr0=
@@ -215,6 +223,8 @@ github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.9.9-0.20201210154907-fd9021fe5dad/go.m
 github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.9.10-0.20210907150352-cf90f659a021/go.mod h1:AFq3mo9L8Lqqiid3OhADV3RfLJnjiw63cSpi+fDTRC0=
 github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.10.2-0.20220325020618-49ff273808a1/go.mod h1:KJwIaB5Mv44NWtYuAOFCVOjcI94vtpEz2JU/D2v6IjE=
 github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate v0.1.0/go.mod h1:iSmxcyjqTsJpI2R4NaDN7+kN2VEUnK/pcBlmesArF7c=
+github.com/ethereum/c-kzg-4844 v0.4.0 h1:3MS1s4JtA868KpJxroZoepdV0ZKBp3u/O5HcZ7R3nlY=
+github.com/ethereum/c-kzg-4844 v0.4.0/go.mod h1:VewdlzQmpT5QSrVhbBuGoCdFJkpaJlO1aQputP83wc0=
 github.com/fatih/color v1.7.0/go.mod h1:Zm6kSWBoL9eyXnKyktHP6abPY2pDugNf5KwzbycvMj4=
 github.com/fatih/color v1.13.0/go.mod h1:kLAiJbzzSOZDVNGyDpeOxJ47H46qBXwg5ILebYFFOfk=
 github.com/fatih/color v1.15.0 h1:kOqh6YHBtK8aywxGerMG2Eq3H6Qgoqeo13Bk2Mv/nBs=
@@ -234,6 +244,8 @@ github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.7.0 h1:8JEhPFa5W2WU7YfeZzPNqzMP6Lwt7L2715Ggo0nos
 github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.7.0/go.mod h1:40Bi/Hjc2AVfZrqy+aj+yEI+/bRxZnMJyTJwOpGvigM=
 github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.2 h1:w5qFW6JKBz9Y393Y4q372O9A7cUSequkh1Q7OhCmWKU=
 github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.2/go.mod h1:zApsH/mKG4w07erKIaJPFiX0Tsq9BFQgN3qGY5GnNgA=
+github.com/gballet/go-verkle v0.1.1-0.20231031103413-a67434b50f46 h1:BAIP2GihuqhwdILrV+7GJel5lyPV3u1+PgzrWLc0TkE=
+github.com/gballet/go-verkle v0.1.1-0.20231031103413-a67434b50f46/go.mod h1:QNpY22eby74jVhqH4WhDLDwxc/vqsern6pW+u2kbkpc=
 github.com/getsentry/sentry-go v0.27.0 h1:Pv98CIbtB3LkMWmXi4Joa5OOcwbmnX88sF5qbK3r3Ps=
 github.com/getsentry/sentry-go v0.27.0/go.mod h1:lc76E2QywIyW8WuBnwl8Lc4bkmQH4+w1gwTf25trprY=
 github.com/ghodss/yaml v1.0.0/go.mod h1:4dBDuWmgqj2HViK6kFavaiC9ZROes6MMH2rRYeMEF04=
@@ -257,6 +269,8 @@ github.com/go-logfmt/logfmt v0.4.0/go.mod h1:3RMwSq7FuexP4Kalkev3ejPJsZTpXXBr9+V
 github.com/go-logfmt/logfmt v0.5.0/go.mod h1:wCYkCAKZfumFQihp8CzCvQ3paCTfi41vtzG1KdI/P7A=
 github.com/go-logfmt/logfmt v0.6.0 h1:wGYYu3uicYdqXVgoYbvnkrPVXkuLM1p1ifugDMEdRi4=
 github.com/go-logfmt/logfmt v0.6.0/go.mod h1:WYhtIu8zTZfxdn5+rREduYbwxfcBr/Vr6KEVveWlfTs=
+github.com/go-ole/go-ole v1.2.5 h1:t4MGB5xEDZvXI+0rMjjsfBsD7yAgp/s9ZDkL1JndXwY=
+github.com/go-ole/go-ole v1.2.5/go.mod h1:pprOEPIfldk/42T2oK7lQ4v4JSDwmV0As9GaiUsvbm0=
 github.com/go-playground/assert/v2 v2.2.0/go.mod h1:VDjEfimB/XKnb+ZQfWdccd7VUvScMdVu0Titje2rxJ4=
 github.com/go-playground/locales v0.14.1 h1:EWaQ/wswjilfKLTECiXz7Rh+3BjFhfDFKv/oXslEjJA=
 github.com/go-playground/locales v0.14.1/go.mod h1:hxrqLVvrK65+Rwrd5Fc6F2O76J/NuW9t0sjnWqG1slY=
@@ -277,6 +291,8 @@ github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.2/go.mod h1:6MelG93GURQebXPDq3khkgXZkazVtN9CRI+MG
 github.com/godbus/dbus v0.0.0-20190726142602-4481cbc300e2 h1:ZpnhV/YsD2/4cESfV5+Hoeu/iUR3ruzNvZ+yQfO03a0=
 github.com/godbus/dbus v0.0.0-20190726142602-4481cbc300e2/go.mod h1:bBOAhwG1umN6/6ZUMtDFBMQR8jRg9O75tm9K00oMsK4=
 github.com/godbus/dbus/v5 v5.0.4/go.mod h1:xhWf0FNVPg57R7Z0UbKHbJfkEywrmjJnf7w5xrFpKfA=
+github.com/gofrs/flock v0.8.1 h1:+gYjHKf32LDeiEEFhQaotPbLuUXjY5ZqxKgXy7n59aw=
+github.com/gofrs/flock v0.8.1/go.mod h1:F1TvTiK9OcQqauNUHlbJvyl9Qa1QvF/gOUDKA14jxHU=
 github.com/gogo/googleapis v1.1.0/go.mod h1:gf4bu3Q80BeJ6H1S1vYPm8/ELATdvryBaNFGgqEef3s=
 github.com/gogo/googleapis v1.4.1-0.20201022092350-68b0159b7869/go.mod h1:5YRNX2z1oM5gXdAkurHa942MDgEJyk02w4OecKY87+c=
 github.com/gogo/googleapis v1.4.1 h1:1Yx4Myt7BxzvUr5ldGSbwYiZG6t9wGBZ+8/fX3Wvtq0=
@@ -316,8 +332,9 @@ github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4 h1:i7eJL8qZTpSEXOPTxNKhASYpMn+8e5Q6AdndVa1dWek
 github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4/go.mod h1:lnTiLA8Wa4RWRcIUkrtSVa5nRhsEGBg48fD6rSs7xps=
 github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.0-20180518054509-2e65f85255db/go.mod h1:/XxbfmMg8lxefKM7IXC3fBNl/7bRcc72aCRzEWrmP2Q=
 github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.3/go.mod h1:/XxbfmMg8lxefKM7IXC3fBNl/7bRcc72aCRzEWrmP2Q=
-github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.4 h1:yAGX7huGHXlcLOEtBnF4w7FQwA26wojNCwOYAEhLjQM=
 github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.4/go.mod h1:/XxbfmMg8lxefKM7IXC3fBNl/7bRcc72aCRzEWrmP2Q=
+github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.5-0.20220116011046-fa5810519dcb h1:PBC98N2aIaM3XXiurYmW7fx4GZkL8feAMVq7nEjURHk=
+github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.5-0.20220116011046-fa5810519dcb/go.mod h1:/XxbfmMg8lxefKM7IXC3fBNl/7bRcc72aCRzEWrmP2Q=
 github.com/google/btree v0.0.0-20180813153112-4030bb1f1f0c/go.mod h1:lNA+9X1NB3Zf8V7Ke586lFgjr2dZNuvo3lPJSGZ5JPQ=
 github.com/google/btree v1.0.0/go.mod h1:lNA+9X1NB3Zf8V7Ke586lFgjr2dZNuvo3lPJSGZ5JPQ=
 github.com/google/btree v1.1.2 h1:xf4v41cLI2Z6FxbKm+8Bu+m8ifhj15JuZ9sa0jZCMUU=
@@ -339,6 +356,7 @@ github.com/google/gofuzz v1.2.0/go.mod h1:dBl0BpW6vV/+mYPU4Po3pmUjxk6FQPldtuIdl/
 github.com/google/orderedcode v0.0.1 h1:UzfcAexk9Vhv8+9pNOgRu41f16lHq725vPwnSeiG/Us=
 github.com/google/orderedcode v0.0.1/go.mod h1:iVyU4/qPKHY5h/wSd6rZZCDcLJNxiWO6dvsYES2Sb20=
 github.com/google/renameio v0.1.0/go.mod h1:KWCgfxg9yswjAJkECMjeO8J8rahYeXnNhOm40UhjYkI=
+github.com/google/subcommands v1.2.0/go.mod h1:ZjhPrFU+Olkh9WazFPsl27BQ4UPiG37m3yTrtFlrHVk=
 github.com/google/uuid v1.0.0/go.mod h1:TIyPZe4MgqvfeYDBFedMoGGpEw/LqOeaOT+nhxU+yHo=
 github.com/google/uuid v1.1.2/go.mod h1:TIyPZe4MgqvfeYDBFedMoGGpEw/LqOeaOT+nhxU+yHo=
 github.com/gopherjs/gopherjs v0.0.0-20181017120253-0766667cb4d1/go.mod h1:wJfORRmW1u3UXTncJ5qlYoELFm8eSnnEO6hX4iZ3EWY=
@@ -392,6 +410,8 @@ github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru v0.5.0/go.mod h1:/m3WP610KZHVQ1SGc6re/UDhFvYD7pJ
 github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru v0.5.1/go.mod h1:/m3WP610KZHVQ1SGc6re/UDhFvYD7pJ4Ao+sR/qLZy8=
 github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru v1.0.2 h1:dV3g9Z/unq5DpblPpw+Oqcv4dU/1omnb4Ok8iPY6p1c=
 github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru v1.0.2/go.mod h1:iADmTwqILo4mZ8BN3D2Q6+9jd8WM5uGBxy+E8yxSoD4=
+github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2 v2.0.7 h1:a+bsQ5rvGLjzHuww6tVxozPZFVghXaHOwFs4luLUK2k=
+github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2 v2.0.7/go.mod h1:QeFd9opnmA6QUJc5vARoKUSoFhyfM2/ZepoAG6RGpeM=
 github.com/hashicorp/hcl v1.0.0 h1:0Anlzjpi4vEasTeNFn2mLJgTSwt0+6sfsiTG8qcWGx4=
 github.com/hashicorp/hcl v1.0.0/go.mod h1:E5yfLk+7swimpb2L/Alb/PJmXilQ/rhwaUYs4T20WEQ=
 github.com/hashicorp/logutils v1.0.0/go.mod h1:QIAnNjmIWmVIIkWDTG1z5v++HQmx9WQRO+LraFDTW64=
@@ -402,6 +422,8 @@ github.com/hashicorp/yamux v0.1.1 h1:yrQxtgseBDrq9Y652vSRDvsKCJKOUD+GzTS4Y0Y8pvE
 github.com/hashicorp/yamux v0.1.1/go.mod h1:CtWFDAQgb7dxtzFs4tWbplKIe2jSi3+5vKbgIO0SLnQ=
 github.com/hdevalence/ed25519consensus v0.1.0 h1:jtBwzzcHuTmFrQN6xQZn6CQEO/V9f7HsjsjeEZ6auqU=
 github.com/hdevalence/ed25519consensus v0.1.0/go.mod h1:w3BHWjwJbFU29IRHL1Iqkw3sus+7FctEyM4RqDxYNzo=
+github.com/holiman/uint256 v1.2.4 h1:jUc4Nk8fm9jZabQuqr2JzednajVmBpC+oiTiXZJEApU=
+github.com/holiman/uint256 v1.2.4/go.mod h1:EOMSn4q6Nyt9P6efbI3bueV4e1b3dGlUCXeiRV4ng7E=
 github.com/hpcloud/tail v1.0.0/go.mod h1:ab1qPbhIpdTxEkNHXyeSf5vhxWSCs/tWer42PpOxQnU=
 github.com/huandu/go-assert v1.1.5 h1:fjemmA7sSfYHJD7CUqs9qTwwfdNAx7/j2/ZlHXzNB3c=
 github.com/huandu/go-assert v1.1.5/go.mod h1:yOLvuqZwmcHIC5rIzrBhT7D3Q9c3GFnd0JrPVhn/06U=
@@ -455,12 +477,14 @@ github.com/kr/pty v1.1.1/go.mod h1:pFQYn66WHrOpPYNljwOMqo10TkYh1fy3cYio2l3bCsQ=
 github.com/kr/text v0.1.0/go.mod h1:4Jbv+DJW3UT/LiOwJeYQe1efqtUx/iVham/4vfdArNI=
 github.com/kr/text v0.2.0 h1:5Nx0Ya0ZqY2ygV366QzturHI13Jq95ApcVaJBhpS+AY=
 github.com/kr/text v0.2.0/go.mod h1:eLer722TekiGuMkidMxC/pM04lWEeraHUUmBw8l2grE=
+github.com/kylelemons/godebug v1.1.0 h1:RPNrshWIDI6G2gRW9EHilWtl7Z6Sb1BR0xunSBf0SNc=
+github.com/kylelemons/godebug v1.1.0/go.mod h1:9/0rRGxNHcop5bhtWyNeEfOS8JIWk580+fNqagV/RAw=
+github.com/leanovate/gopter v0.2.9 h1:fQjYxZaynp97ozCzfOyOuAGOU4aU/z37zf/tOujFk7c=
+github.com/leanovate/gopter v0.2.9/go.mod h1:U2L/78B+KVFIx2VmW6onHJQzXtFb+p5y3y2Sh+Jxxv8=
 github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.2.4 h1:XlAE/cm/ms7TE/VMVoduSpNBoyc2dOxHs5MZSwAN63Q=
 github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.2.4/go.mod h1:7ZrI8mTSeBSHl/UaRyKQW1qZeMgak41ANeCNaVckg+4=
 github.com/lib/pq v1.10.7 h1:p7ZhMD+KsSRozJr34udlUrhboJwWAgCg34+/ZZNvZZw=
 github.com/lib/pq v1.10.7/go.mod h1:AlVN5x4E4T544tWzH6hKfbfQvm3HdbOxrmggDNAPY9o=
-github.com/libp2p/go-buffer-pool v0.1.0 h1:oK4mSFcQz7cTQIfqbe4MIj9gLW+mnanjyFtc6cdF0Y8=
-github.com/libp2p/go-buffer-pool v0.1.0/go.mod h1:N+vh8gMqimBzdKkSMVuydVDq+UV5QTWy5HSiZacSbPg=
 github.com/lightstep/lightstep-tracer-common/golang/gogo v0.0.0-20190605223551-bc2310a04743/go.mod h1:qklhhLq1aX+mtWk9cPHPzaBjWImj5ULL6C7HFJtXQMM=
 github.com/lightstep/lightstep-tracer-go v0.18.1/go.mod h1:jlF1pusYV4pidLvZ+XD0UBX0ZE6WURAspgAczcDHrL4=
 github.com/linxGnu/grocksdb v1.8.14 h1:HTgyYalNwBSG/1qCQUIott44wU5b2Y9Kr3z7SK5OfGQ=
@@ -485,6 +509,8 @@ github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.19/go.mod h1:W+V8PltTTMOvKvAeJH7IuucS94S2C6jfK/D
 github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 h1:xfD0iDuEKnDkl03q4limB+vH+GxLEtL/jb4xVJSWWEY=
 github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20/go.mod h1:W+V8PltTTMOvKvAeJH7IuucS94S2C6jfK/D7dTCTo3Y=
 github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.2/go.mod h1:LwmH8dsx7+W8Uxz3IHJYH5QSwggIsqBzpuz5H//U1FU=
+github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.13 h1:lTGmDsbAYt5DmK6OnoV7EuIF1wEIFAcxld6ypU4OSgU=
+github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.13/go.mod h1:Jdepj2loyihRzMpdS35Xk/zdY8IAYHsh153qUoGf23w=
 github.com/matttproud/golang_protobuf_extensions v1.0.1/go.mod h1:D8He9yQNgCq6Z5Ld7szi9bcBfOoFv/3dc6xSMkL2PC0=
 github.com/miekg/dns v1.0.14/go.mod h1:W1PPwlIAgtquWBMBEV9nkV9Cazfe8ScdGz/Lj7v3Nrg=
 github.com/minio/highwayhash v1.0.2 h1:Aak5U0nElisjDCfPSG79Tgzkn2gl66NxOMspRrKnA/g=
@@ -501,6 +527,9 @@ github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v0.0.0-20160808181253-ca63d7c062ee/go.mod h1:F
 github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.1.2/go.mod h1:FVVH3fgwuzCH5S8UJGiWEs2h04kUh9fWfEaFds41c1Y=
 github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0 h1:jeMsZIYE/09sWLaz43PL7Gy6RuMjD2eJVyuac5Z2hdY=
 github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0/go.mod h1:bFUtVrKA4DC2yAKiSyO/QUcy7e+RRV2QTWOzhPopBRo=
+github.com/mmcloughlin/addchain v0.4.0 h1:SobOdjm2xLj1KkXN5/n0xTIWyZA2+s99UCY1iPfkHRY=
+github.com/mmcloughlin/addchain v0.4.0/go.mod h1:A86O+tHqZLMNO4w6ZZ4FlVQEadcoqkyU72HC5wJ4RlU=
+github.com/mmcloughlin/profile v0.1.1/go.mod h1:IhHD7q1ooxgwTgjxQYkACGA77oFTDdFVejUS1/tS/qU=
 github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180228061459-e0a39a4cb421/go.mod h1:6dJC0mAP4ikYIbvyc7fijjWJddQyLn8Ig3JB5CqoB9Q=
 github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd h1:TRLaZ9cD/w8PVh93nsPXa1VrQ6jlwL5oN8l14QlcNfg=
 github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd/go.mod h1:6dJC0mAP4ikYIbvyc7fijjWJddQyLn8Ig3JB5CqoB9Q=
@@ -532,6 +561,8 @@ github.com/oklog/run v1.0.0/go.mod h1:dlhp/R75TPv97u0XWUtDeV/lRKWPKSdTuV0TZvrmrQ
 github.com/oklog/run v1.1.0 h1:GEenZ1cK0+q0+wsJew9qUg/DyD8k3JzYsZAi5gYi2mA=
 github.com/oklog/run v1.1.0/go.mod h1:sVPdnTZT1zYwAJeCMu2Th4T21pA3FPOQRfWjQlk7DVU=
 github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter v0.0.0-20170122224234-a0225b3f23b5/go.mod h1:vsDQFd/mU46D+Z4whnwzcISnGGzXWMclvtLoiIKAKIo=
+github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter v0.0.5 h1:P2Ga83D34wi1o9J6Wh1mRuqd4mF/x/lgBS7N7AbDhec=
+github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter v0.0.5/go.mod h1:hPp6KlRPjbx+hW8ykQs1w3UBbZlj6HuIJcUGPhkA7kY=
 github.com/onsi/ginkgo v1.6.0/go.mod h1:lLunBs/Ym6LB5Z9jYTR76FiuTmxDTDusOGeTQH+WWjE=
 github.com/onsi/ginkgo v1.7.0/go.mod h1:lLunBs/Ym6LB5Z9jYTR76FiuTmxDTDusOGeTQH+WWjE=
 github.com/onsi/ginkgo v1.12.1/go.mod h1:zj2OWP4+oCPe1qIXoGWkgMRwljMUYCdkwsT2108oapk=
@@ -621,6 +652,8 @@ github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.13.0/go.mod h1:cd4PFCR54QLnGKPaKGA6l+cfuNXtht43Z
 github.com/rcrowley/go-metrics v0.0.0-20181016184325-3113b8401b8a/go.mod h1:bCqnVzQkZxMG4s8nGwiZ5l3QUCyqpo9Y+/ZMZ9VjZe4=
 github.com/rcrowley/go-metrics v0.0.0-20201227073835-cf1acfcdf475 h1:N/ElC8H3+5XpJzTSTfLsJV/mx9Q9g7kxmchpfZyxgzM=
 github.com/rcrowley/go-metrics v0.0.0-20201227073835-cf1acfcdf475/go.mod h1:bCqnVzQkZxMG4s8nGwiZ5l3QUCyqpo9Y+/ZMZ9VjZe4=
+github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.2.0 h1:S1pD9weZBuJdFmowNwbpi7BJ8TNftyUImj/0WQi72jY=
+github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.2.0/go.mod h1:J6wj4VEh+S6ZtnVlnTBMWIodfgj8LQOQFoIToxlJtxc=
 github.com/rogpeppe/fastuuid v0.0.0-20150106093220-6724a57986af/go.mod h1:XWv6SoW27p1b0cqNHllgS5HIMJraePCO15w5zCzIWYg=
 github.com/rogpeppe/fastuuid v1.2.0/go.mod h1:jVj6XXZzXRy/MSR5jhDC/2q6DgLz+nrA6LYCDYWNEvQ=
 github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.3.0/go.mod h1:M8bDsm7K2OlrFYOpmOWEs/qY81heoFRclV5y23lUDJ4=
@@ -645,6 +678,10 @@ github.com/samuel/go-zookeeper v0.0.0-20190923202752-2cc03de413da/go.mod h1:gi+0
 github.com/sasha-s/go-deadlock v0.3.1 h1:sqv7fDNShgjcaxkO0JNcOAlr8B9+cV5Ey/OB71efZx0=
 github.com/sasha-s/go-deadlock v0.3.1/go.mod h1:F73l+cr82YSh10GxyRI6qZiCgK64VaZjwesgfQ1/iLM=
 github.com/sean-/seed v0.0.0-20170313163322-e2103e2c3529/go.mod h1:DxrIzT+xaE7yg65j358z/aeFdxmN0P9QXhEzd20vsDc=
+github.com/sei-protocol/go-ethereum v1.13.5-sei-22 h1:t/m1qXER+DEMrcpqgoYmUxifkAdmz5T8xpL9KRVgLtw=
+github.com/sei-protocol/go-ethereum v1.13.5-sei-22/go.mod h1:kcRZmuzRn1lVejiFNTz4l4W7imnpq1bDAnuKS/RyhbQ=
+github.com/shirou/gopsutil v3.21.4-0.20210419000835-c7a38de76ee5+incompatible h1:Bn1aCHHRnjv4Bl16T8rcaFjYSrGrIZvpiGO6P3Q4GpU=
+github.com/shirou/gopsutil v3.21.4-0.20210419000835-c7a38de76ee5+incompatible/go.mod h1:5b4v6he4MtMOwMlS0TUMTu2PcXUg8+E1lC7eC3UO/RA=
 github.com/shurcooL/sanitized_anchor_name v1.0.0/go.mod h1:1NzhyTcUVG4SuEtjjoZeVRXNmyL/1OwPU0+IJeTBvfc=
 github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.2.0/go.mod h1:LxeOpSwHxABJmUn/MG1IvRgCAasNZTLOkJPxbbu5VWo=
 github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.4.2/go.mod h1:tLMulIdttU9McNUspp0xgXVQah82FyeX6MwdIuYE2rE=
@@ -705,12 +742,18 @@ github.com/stretchr/testify v1.9.0 h1:HtqpIVDClZ4nwg75+f6Lvsy/wHu+3BoSGCbBAcpTsT
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.9.0/go.mod h1:r2ic/lqez/lEtzL7wO/rwa5dbSLXVDPFyf8C91i36aY=
 github.com/subosito/gotenv v1.6.0 h1:9NlTDc1FTs4qu0DDq7AEtTPNw6SVm7uBMsUCUjABIf8=
 github.com/subosito/gotenv v1.6.0/go.mod h1:Dk4QP5c2W3ibzajGcXpNraDfq2IrhjMIvMSWPKKo0FU=
+github.com/supranational/blst v0.3.11 h1:LyU6FolezeWAhvQk0k6O/d49jqgO52MSDDfYgbeoEm4=
+github.com/supranational/blst v0.3.11/go.mod h1:jZJtfjgudtNl4en1tzwPIV3KjUnQUvG3/j+w+fVonLw=
 github.com/syndtr/goleveldb v1.0.1-0.20210819022825-2ae1ddf74ef7 h1:epCh84lMvA70Z7CTTCmYQn2CKbY8j86K7/FAIr141uY=
 github.com/syndtr/goleveldb v1.0.1-0.20210819022825-2ae1ddf74ef7/go.mod h1:q4W45IWZaF22tdD+VEXcAWRA037jwmWEB5VWYORlTpc=
 github.com/tendermint/go-amino v0.16.0 h1:GyhmgQKvqF82e2oZeuMSp9JTN0N09emoSZlb2lyGa2E=
 github.com/tendermint/go-amino v0.16.0/go.mod h1:TQU0M1i/ImAo+tYpZi73AU3V/dKeCoMC9Sphe2ZwGME=
 github.com/tidwall/btree v1.7.0 h1:L1fkJH/AuEh5zBnnBbmTwQ5Lt+bRJ5A8EWecslvo9iI=
 github.com/tidwall/btree v1.7.0/go.mod h1:twD9XRA5jj9VUQGELzDO4HPQTNJsoWWfYEL+EUQ2cKY=
+github.com/tklauser/go-sysconf v0.3.12 h1:0QaGUFOdQaIVdPgfITYzaTegZvdCjmYO52cSFAEVmqU=
+github.com/tklauser/go-sysconf v0.3.12/go.mod h1:Ho14jnntGE1fpdOqQEEaiKRpvIavV0hSfmBq8nJbHYI=
+github.com/tklauser/numcpus v0.6.1 h1:ng9scYS7az0Bk4OZLvrNXNSAO2Pxr1XXRAPyjhIx+Fk=
+github.com/tklauser/numcpus v0.6.1/go.mod h1:1XfjsgE2zo8GVw7POkMbHENHzVg3GzmoZ9fESEdAacY=
 github.com/tmc/grpc-websocket-proxy v0.0.0-20170815181823-89b8d40f7ca8/go.mod h1:ncp9v5uamzpCO7NfCPTXjqaC+bZgJeR0sMTm6dMHP7U=
 github.com/tv42/httpunix v0.0.0-20150427012821-b75d8614f926/go.mod h1:9ESjWnEqriFuLhtthL60Sar/7RFoluCcXsuvEwTV5KM=
 github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1 h1:SU5vSMR7hnwNxj24w34ZyCi/FmDZTkS4MhqMhdFk5YI=
@@ -1032,6 +1075,8 @@ gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.4/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.5/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.8/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.3.0/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 h1:D8xgwECY7CYvx+Y2n4sBz93Jn9JRvxdiyyo8CTfuKaY=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0/go.mod h1:RDklbk79AGWmwhnvt/jBztapEOGDOx6ZbXqjP6csGnQ=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20200313102051-9f266ea9e77c/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20210107192922-496545a6307b/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
@@ -1047,6 +1092,8 @@ nhooyr.io/websocket v1.8.6/go.mod h1:B70DZP8IakI65RVQ51MsWP/8jndNma26DVA/nFSCgW0
 pgregory.net/rapid v1.1.0 h1:CMa0sjHSru3puNx+J0MIAuiiEV4N0qj8/cMWGBBCsjw=
 pgregory.net/rapid v1.1.0/go.mod h1:PY5XlDGj0+V1FCq0o192FdRhpKHGTRIWBgqjDBTrq04=
 rsc.io/pdf v0.1.1/go.mod h1:n8OzWcQ6Sp37PL01nO98y4iUCRdTGarVfzxY20ICaU4=
+rsc.io/tmplfunc v0.0.3 h1:53XFQh69AfOa8Tw0Jm7t+GV7KZhOi6jzsCzTtKbMvzU=
+rsc.io/tmplfunc v0.0.3/go.mod h1:AG3sTPzElb1Io3Yg4voV9AGZJuleGAwaVRxL9M49PhA=
 sigs.k8s.io/yaml v1.1.0/go.mod h1:UJmg0vDUVViEyp3mgSv9WPwZCDxu4rQW1olrI1uml+o=
 sigs.k8s.io/yaml v1.4.0 h1:Mk1wCc2gy/F0THH0TAp1QYyJNzRm2KCLy3o5ASXVI5E=
 sigs.k8s.io/yaml v1.4.0/go.mod h1:Ejl7/uTz7PSA4eKMyQCUTnhZYNmLIl+5c2lQPGR2BPY=
diff --git a/proto/cosmos/base/abci/v1beta1/abci.proto b/proto/cosmos/base/abci/v1beta1/abci.proto
index 9e3b4e55dbc7..6d24e847266d 100644
--- a/proto/cosmos/base/abci/v1beta1/abci.proto
+++ b/proto/cosmos/base/abci/v1beta1/abci.proto
@@ -107,6 +107,9 @@ message Result {
   //
   // Since: cosmos-sdk 0.46
   repeated google.protobuf.Any msg_responses = 4;
+
+  // EVM VM error during execution
+  string evm_error = 5;
 }
 
 // SimulationResponse defines the response generated when a transaction is
diff --git a/store/cachekv/store.go b/store/cachekv/store.go
index 08cfc2b325f6..89d3fe5d7c5a 100644
--- a/store/cachekv/store.go
+++ b/store/cachekv/store.go
@@ -406,3 +406,7 @@ func (store *Store) setCacheValue(key, value []byte, dirty bool) {
 		store.unsortedCache[keyStr] = struct{}{}
 	}
 }
+
+func (store *Store) GetParent() types.KVStore {
+	return store.parent
+}
diff --git a/store/types/evm_gas.go b/store/types/evm_gas.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8d293748912d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/store/types/evm_gas.go
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+package types
+
+// TODO: ideally get this into sdk types instead of the cosmossdk.io/store/types package
+
+type multiplierGasMeter struct {
+	basicGasMeter
+	multiplierNumerator   uint64
+	multiplierDenominator uint64
+}
+
+func NewMultiplierGasMeter(limit Gas, multiplierNumerator uint64, multiplierDenominator uint64) GasMeter {
+	return &multiplierGasMeter{
+		basicGasMeter: basicGasMeter{
+			limit:    limit,
+			consumed: 0,
+			// lock:     &sync.Mutex{},
+		},
+		multiplierNumerator:   multiplierNumerator,
+		multiplierDenominator: multiplierDenominator,
+	}
+}
+
+func (g *multiplierGasMeter) adjustGas(original Gas) Gas {
+	return original * g.multiplierNumerator / g.multiplierDenominator
+}
+
+func (g *multiplierGasMeter) ConsumeGas(amount Gas, descriptor string) {
+	g.basicGasMeter.ConsumeGas(g.adjustGas(amount), descriptor)
+}
+
+func (g *multiplierGasMeter) RefundGas(amount Gas, descriptor string) {
+	g.basicGasMeter.RefundGas(g.adjustGas(amount), descriptor)
+}
+
+func (g *multiplierGasMeter) Multiplier() (numerator uint64, denominator uint64) {
+	return g.multiplierNumerator, g.multiplierDenominator
+}
+
+type infiniteMultiplierGasMeter struct {
+	infiniteGasMeter
+	multiplierNumerator   uint64
+	multiplierDenominator uint64
+}
+
+func NewInfiniteMultiplierGasMeter(multiplierNumerator uint64, multiplierDenominator uint64) GasMeter {
+	return &infiniteMultiplierGasMeter{
+		infiniteGasMeter: infiniteGasMeter{
+			consumed: 0,
+			// lock:     &sync.Mutex{},
+		},
+		multiplierNumerator:   multiplierNumerator,
+		multiplierDenominator: multiplierDenominator,
+	}
+}
+
+func (g *infiniteMultiplierGasMeter) adjustGas(original Gas) Gas {
+	return original * g.multiplierNumerator / g.multiplierDenominator
+}
+
+func (g *infiniteMultiplierGasMeter) ConsumeGas(amount Gas, descriptor string) {
+	g.infiniteGasMeter.ConsumeGas(g.adjustGas(amount), descriptor)
+}
+
+func (g *infiniteMultiplierGasMeter) RefundGas(amount Gas, descriptor string) {
+	g.infiniteGasMeter.RefundGas(g.adjustGas(amount), descriptor)
+}
+
+func (g *infiniteMultiplierGasMeter) Multiplier() (numerator uint64, denominator uint64) {
+	return g.multiplierNumerator, g.multiplierDenominator
+}
+
+// Helpers for setting gas meter with parent ctx multiplier
+func NewGasMeterWithMultiplier(ctxGasMeter GasMeter, limit uint64) GasMeter {
+	if ctxGasMeter == nil {
+		return NewGasMeter(limit)
+	}
+	n, d := ctxGasMeter.Multiplier()
+	return NewMultiplierGasMeter(limit, n, d)
+}
+
+func NewInfiniteGasMeterWithMultiplier(ctxGasMeter GasMeter) GasMeter {
+	if ctxGasMeter == nil {
+		return NewInfiniteGasMeter()
+	}
+	n, d := ctxGasMeter.Multiplier()
+	return NewInfiniteMultiplierGasMeter(n, d)
+}
diff --git a/store/types/gas.go b/store/types/gas.go
index baceb7ce2544..ad452a144cb1 100644
--- a/store/types/gas.go
+++ b/store/types/gas.go
@@ -48,19 +48,22 @@ type GasMeter interface {
 	IsPastLimit() bool
 	IsOutOfGas() bool
 	String() string
+	Multiplier() (numerator uint64, denominator uint64) // EVM
 }
 
 type basicGasMeter struct {
 	limit    Gas
 	consumed Gas
+	// lock     *sync.Mutex // TODO: for evm? or is this a sei parallel thing?
 }
 
 // NewGasMeter returns a reference to a new basicGasMeter.
 func NewGasMeter(limit Gas) GasMeter {
-	return &basicGasMeter{
-		limit:    limit,
-		consumed: 0,
-	}
+	return NewMultiplierGasMeter(limit, 1, 1)
+}
+
+func (g *basicGasMeter) Multiplier() (numerator uint64, denominator uint64) {
+	return 1, 1
 }
 
 // GasConsumed returns the gas consumed from the GasMeter.
@@ -157,6 +160,11 @@ func NewInfiniteGasMeter() GasMeter {
 	}
 }
 
+// Multiplier implements GasMeter.
+func (g *infiniteGasMeter) Multiplier() (numerator uint64, denominator uint64) {
+	return 1, 1
+}
+
 // GasConsumed returns the gas consumed from the GasMeter.
 func (g *infiniteGasMeter) GasConsumed() Gas {
 	return g.consumed
diff --git a/types/abci.pb.go b/types/abci.pb.go
index 5f4da7f089d1..487b8c5cc1a3 100644
--- a/types/abci.pb.go
+++ b/types/abci.pb.go
@@ -337,6 +337,8 @@ type Result struct {
 	//
 	// Since: cosmos-sdk 0.46
 	MsgResponses []*types.Any `protobuf:"bytes,4,rep,name=msg_responses,json=msgResponses,proto3" json:"msg_responses,omitempty"`
+	// EVM VM error during execution
+	EvmError string `protobuf:"bytes,5,opt,name=evm_error,json=evmError,proto3" json:"evm_error,omitempty"`
 }
 
 func (m *Result) Reset()      { *m = Result{} }
@@ -729,68 +731,69 @@ func init() {
 }
 
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+	0x3e, 0x22, 0x15, 0x18, 0x6e, 0x6e, 0x2f, 0xb5, 0x0a, 0x3d, 0xdc, 0xfc, 0xdf, 0x7e, 0xdc, 0x4c,
+	0x95, 0x98, 0x5f, 0x7f, 0x45, 0x6f, 0x93, 0x80, 0x4f, 0xd3, 0x2e, 0xcf, 0x73, 0x99, 0xdb, 0x6b,
+	0xb9, 0xc1, 0xa7, 0xe9, 0x33, 0x88, 0xad, 0xc5, 0x7e, 0x72, 0x08, 0x3d, 0x4c, 0xd2, 0xc9, 0x88,
+	0xe9, 0x44, 0x66, 0x8b, 0x2f, 0xc7, 0x17, 0x86, 0x3a, 0xde, 0x25, 0x07, 0xfd, 0xff, 0xe1, 0xfa,
+	0x41, 0x59, 0x39, 0xdb, 0x1b, 0xd0, 0xf7, 0xe9, 0x79, 0xcd, 0x41, 0x9d, 0x50, 0xe1, 0xcf, 0x88,
+	0x9f, 0xa3, 0x4c, 0xa8, 0x43, 0x79, 0xaf, 0xbe, 0xfe, 0x14, 0x23, 0x67, 0x6c, 0xeb, 0x1b, 0x4f,
+	0x48, 0xe9, 0x85, 0x12, 0x9f, 0x83, 0x92, 0xbb, 0x04, 0x3c, 0xdd, 0x5d, 0xf1, 0x53, 0x29, 0x55,
+	0xa2, 0x03, 0x96, 0x9a, 0x7f, 0x73, 0xe0, 0xf4, 0x4d, 0x23, 0xfc, 0x63, 0x1f, 0xbc, 0x11, 0x3a,
+	0x8d, 0xef, 0x1d, 0x12, 0x74, 0x66, 0xf3, 0x43, 0x1e, 0x2d, 0xc6, 0xe4, 0x5e, 0xcf, 0xc6, 0x6e,
+	0x58, 0x99, 0xe4, 0x95, 0x09, 0x14, 0xdf, 0x75, 0x02, 0xd6, 0xa7, 0x6f, 0x1c, 0x72, 0xf3, 0x90,
+	0xb3, 0xbc, 0x3f, 0xec, 0xcc, 0x94, 0xb5, 0x4d, 0x8d, 0x94, 0xb5, 0xd4, 0x6c, 0xd4, 0xed, 0xcb,
+	0x49, 0xa6, 0xad, 0xf9, 0x08, 0x42, 0xfb, 0x80, 0x80, 0x7b, 0x4d, 0xca, 0x58, 0xcf, 0x04, 0xb0,
+	0x6d, 0xcc, 0x04, 0xef, 0x66, 0x93, 0xb4, 0xc7, 0x73, 0xfc, 0x30, 0x7b, 0x31, 0x01, 0xe8, 0x6b,
+	0x44, 0xc0, 0xd3, 0x58, 0x80, 0x27, 0xe1, 0xf7, 0xd9, 0x8b, 0x03, 0x40, 0x3a, 0x00, 0xc0, 0xa9,
+	0xa3, 0x24, 0x4d, 0x34, 0xda, 0xc1, 0x8b, 0x4d, 0x40, 0x3f, 0x25, 0xae, 0x9e, 0xa9, 0xd0, 0x47,
+	0x5e, 0xf7, 0xd6, 0x6b, 0xb3, 0x7c, 0x5b, 0x62, 0xd8, 0x60, 0xe9, 0x9d, 0x81, 0x87, 0x90, 0x5e,
+	0x1b, 0x9e, 0xa9, 0x6b, 0x18, 0xba, 0xeb, 0x19, 0xba, 0xd7, 0x30, 0x74, 0xff, 0x87, 0xa1, 0xbb,
+	0x96, 0xa1, 0x3b, 0x67, 0xd8, 0x22, 0x3e, 0xbe, 0xa1, 0x73, 0x92, 0x3b, 0xab, 0x77, 0xcf, 0xbc,
+	0xbd, 0xd8, 0x7c, 0x6c, 0xcb, 0x0c, 0xb5, 0xf6, 0x93, 0xb3, 0xbf, 0xaa, 0x85, 0xd7, 0x17, 0x55,
+	0xe7, 0xf4, 0xa2, 0xea, 0xfc, 0x79, 0x51, 0x75, 0x7e, 0xbc, 0xac, 0x16, 0x4e, 0x2f, 0xab, 0x85,
+	0xb3, 0xcb, 0x6a, 0xe1, 0xdb, 0x86, 0x48, 0xf4, 0x70, 0xd2, 0x8b, 0xfa, 0x32, 0x6d, 0xd9, 0x7f,
+	0x12, 0xcc, 0x9f, 0x4f, 0xd4, 0xe0, 0xc8, 0xbc, 0xdc, 0x3d, 0x1f, 0xdd, 0xf1, 0xe0, 0x9f, 0x00,
+	0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0x01, 0xd5, 0x9e, 0xdd, 0x46, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00,
 }
 
 func (m *TxResponse) Marshal() (dAtA []byte, err error) {
@@ -1101,6 +1104,13 @@ func (m *Result) MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA []byte) (int, error) {
 	_ = i
 	var l int
 	_ = l
+	if len(m.EvmError) > 0 {
+		i -= len(m.EvmError)
+		copy(dAtA[i:], m.EvmError)
+		i = encodeVarintAbci(dAtA, i, uint64(len(m.EvmError)))
+		i--
+		dAtA[i] = 0x2a
+	}
 	if len(m.MsgResponses) > 0 {
 		for iNdEx := len(m.MsgResponses) - 1; iNdEx >= 0; iNdEx-- {
 			{
@@ -1574,6 +1584,10 @@ func (m *Result) Size() (n int) {
 			n += 1 + l + sovAbci(uint64(l))
 		}
 	}
+	l = len(m.EvmError)
+	if l > 0 {
+		n += 1 + l + sovAbci(uint64(l))
+	}
 	return n
 }
 
@@ -2847,6 +2861,38 @@ func (m *Result) Unmarshal(dAtA []byte) error {
 				return err
 			}
 			iNdEx = postIndex
+		case 5:
+			if wireType != 2 {
+				return fmt.Errorf("proto: wrong wireType = %d for field EvmError", wireType)
+			}
+			var stringLen uint64
+			for shift := uint(0); ; shift += 7 {
+				if shift >= 64 {
+					return ErrIntOverflowAbci
+				}
+				if iNdEx >= l {
+					return io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
+				}
+				b := dAtA[iNdEx]
+				iNdEx++
+				stringLen |= uint64(b&0x7F) << shift
+				if b < 0x80 {
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			intStringLen := int(stringLen)
+			if intStringLen < 0 {
+				return ErrInvalidLengthAbci
+			}
+			postIndex := iNdEx + intStringLen
+			if postIndex < 0 {
+				return ErrInvalidLengthAbci
+			}
+			if postIndex > l {
+				return io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
+			}
+			m.EvmError = string(dAtA[iNdEx:postIndex])
+			iNdEx = postIndex
 		default:
 			iNdEx = preIndex
 			skippy, err := skipAbci(dAtA[iNdEx:])
diff --git a/types/context.go b/types/context.go
index c07689e5b12b..4723cc5d9f53 100644
--- a/types/context.go
+++ b/types/context.go
@@ -46,24 +46,42 @@ type Context struct {
 	// Deprecated: Use HeaderService for hash
 	headerHash []byte
 	// Deprecated: Use HeaderService for chainID and CometService for the rest
-	chainID              string
-	txBytes              []byte
-	logger               log.Logger
-	voteInfo             []abci.VoteInfo
-	gasMeter             storetypes.GasMeter
-	blockGasMeter        storetypes.GasMeter
-	checkTx              bool
-	recheckTx            bool // if recheckTx == true, then checkTx must also be true
-	execMode             ExecMode
-	minGasPrice          DecCoins
-	consParams           cmtproto.ConsensusParams
-	eventManager         EventManagerI
+	chainID       string
+	txBytes       []byte
+	logger        log.Logger
+	voteInfo      []abci.VoteInfo
+	gasMeter      storetypes.GasMeter
+	blockGasMeter storetypes.GasMeter
+	checkTx       bool
+	recheckTx     bool // if recheckTx == true, then checkTx must also be true
+	execMode      ExecMode
+	minGasPrice   DecCoins
+	consParams    cmtproto.ConsensusParams
+	eventManager  EventManagerI
+
 	priority             int64 // The tx priority, only relevant in CheckTx
 	kvGasConfig          storetypes.GasConfig
 	transientKVGasConfig storetypes.GasConfig
 	streamingManager     storetypes.StreamingManager
 	cometInfo            comet.BlockInfo
 	headerInfo           header.Info
+
+	// EVM properties
+	evmEventManager  *EVMEventManager
+	evm              bool   // EVM transaction flag
+	evmNonce         uint64 // EVM Transaction nonce
+	evmSenderAddress string // EVM Sender address
+	evmTxHash        string // EVM TX hash
+	evmVmError       string // EVM VM error during execution
+	txIndex          int    // The index of the transaction being processed (may not be required due to no multi-processing)
+
+	pendingTxChecker abci.PendingTxChecker // Checker for pending transaction, only relevant in CheckTx
+	checkTxCallback  func(Context, error)  // callback to make at the end of CheckTx. Input param is the error (nil-able) of `runMsgs`
+	expireTxHandler  func()                // callback that the mempool invokes when a tx is expired
+}
+
+func (c Context) EVMEventManager() *EVMEventManager {
+	return c.evmEventManager
 }
 
 // Proposed rename, not done to avoid API breakage
@@ -135,6 +153,7 @@ func NewContext(ms storetypes.MultiStore, header cmtproto.Header, isCheckTx bool
 		gasMeter:             storetypes.NewInfiniteGasMeter(),
 		minGasPrice:          DecCoins{},
 		eventManager:         NewEventManager(),
+		evmEventManager:      NewEVMEventManager(),
 		kvGasConfig:          storetypes.KVGasConfig(),
 		transientKVGasConfig: storetypes.TransientGasConfig(),
 	}
@@ -284,6 +303,61 @@ func (c Context) WithEventManager(em EventManagerI) Context {
 	return c
 }
 
+func (c Context) WithEvmEventManager(em *EVMEventManager) Context {
+	c.evmEventManager = em
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c Context) TxIndex() int {
+	return c.txIndex
+}
+
+func (c Context) WithEVMSenderAddress(address string) Context {
+	c.evmSenderAddress = address
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c Context) WithEVMNonce(nonce uint64) Context {
+	c.evmNonce = nonce
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c Context) WithIsEVM(isEVM bool) Context {
+	c.evm = isEVM
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c Context) WithEVMTxHash(txHash string) Context {
+	c.evmTxHash = txHash
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c Context) WithEVMVMError(vmError string) Context {
+	c.evmVmError = vmError
+	return c
+}
+
+// WithTxIndex returns a Context with the current transaction index that's being processed
+func (c Context) WithTxIndex(txIndex int) Context {
+	c.txIndex = txIndex
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c Context) WithPendingTxChecker(checker abci.PendingTxChecker) Context {
+	c.pendingTxChecker = checker
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c Context) WithCheckTxCallback(checkTxCallback func(Context, error)) Context {
+	c.checkTxCallback = checkTxCallback
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c Context) WithExpireTxHandler(expireTxHandler func()) Context {
+	c.expireTxHandler = expireTxHandler
+	return c
+}
+
 // WithPriority returns a Context with an updated tx priority
 func (c Context) WithPriority(p int64) Context {
 	c.priority = p
diff --git a/types/denom.go b/types/denom.go
index 5cd0910ad44f..210eb78a9a40 100644
--- a/types/denom.go
+++ b/types/denom.go
@@ -66,6 +66,14 @@ func GetBaseDenom() (string, error) {
 	return baseDenom, nil
 }
 
+func MustGetBaseDenom() string {
+	bd, err := GetBaseDenom()
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	return bd
+}
+
 // ConvertCoin attempts to convert a coin to a given denomination. If the given
 // denomination is invalid or if neither denomination is registered, an error
 // is returned.
diff --git a/types/errors/errors.go b/types/errors/errors.go
index 5e17f2df481a..feb654f30c0e 100644
--- a/types/errors/errors.go
+++ b/types/errors/errors.go
@@ -140,6 +140,12 @@ var (
 	// supplied.
 	ErrInvalidGasLimit = errorsmod.Register(RootCodespace, 41, "invalid gas limit")
 
+	// ErrUnsupportedTxType defines an error for an unsupported transaction type (e.g., EIP-4844 transactions)
+	ErrUnsupportedTxType = errorsmod.Register(RootCodespace, 42, "unsupported transaction type")
+
+	// ErrEVMVMError defines an error for an evm vm error (eg. revert)
+	ErrEVMVMError = errorsmod.Register(RootCodespace, 43, "evm reverted")
+
 	// ErrPanic should only be set when we recovering from a panic
 	ErrPanic = errorsmod.ErrPanic
 )
diff --git a/types/evm.go b/types/evm.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3e83453b8181
--- /dev/null
+++ b/types/evm.go
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package types
+
+import (
+	ethtypes "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+)
+
+// used in context.go
+type EVMEventManager struct {
+	events []*ethtypes.Log
+}
+
+func NewEVMEventManager() *EVMEventManager {
+	return &EVMEventManager{events: []*ethtypes.Log{}}
+}
+
+func (eem *EVMEventManager) Events() []*ethtypes.Log { return eem.events }
+
+func (eem *EVMEventManager) EmitEvents(events []*ethtypes.Log) {
+	eem.events = append(eem.events, events...)
+}
diff --git a/x/bank/keeper/genesis.go b/x/bank/keeper/genesis.go
index cb208b22d33b..ccce2a9a3fde 100644
--- a/x/bank/keeper/genesis.go
+++ b/x/bank/keeper/genesis.go
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func (k BaseKeeper) InitGenesis(ctx context.Context, genState *types.GenesisStat
 	}
 
 	for _, supply := range totalSupply {
-		k.setSupply(ctx, supply)
+		k.SetSupply(ctx, supply)
 	}
 
 	for _, meta := range genState.DenomMetadata {
diff --git a/x/bank/keeper/keeper.go b/x/bank/keeper/keeper.go
index bfa45d23f64e..76b568185c64 100644
--- a/x/bank/keeper/keeper.go
+++ b/x/bank/keeper/keeper.go
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ type Keeper interface {
 	DelegateCoins(ctx context.Context, delegatorAddr, moduleAccAddr sdk.AccAddress, amt sdk.Coins) error
 	UndelegateCoins(ctx context.Context, moduleAccAddr, delegatorAddr sdk.AccAddress, amt sdk.Coins) error
 
+	SetSupply(ctx context.Context, coin sdk.Coin)
+
 	types.QueryServer
 }
 
@@ -157,7 +159,7 @@ func (k BaseKeeper) DelegateCoins(ctx context.Context, delegatorAddr, moduleAccA
 		types.NewCoinSpentEvent(delegatorAddr, amt),
 	)
 
-	err := k.addCoins(ctx, moduleAccAddr, amt)
+	err := k.AddCoins(ctx, moduleAccAddr, amt)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -180,7 +182,7 @@ func (k BaseKeeper) UndelegateCoins(ctx context.Context, moduleAccAddr, delegato
 		return errorsmod.Wrap(sdkerrors.ErrInvalidCoins, amt.String())
 	}
 
-	err := k.subUnlockedCoins(ctx, moduleAccAddr, amt)
+	err := k.SubUnlockedCoins(ctx, moduleAccAddr, amt)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -189,7 +191,7 @@ func (k BaseKeeper) UndelegateCoins(ctx context.Context, moduleAccAddr, delegato
 		return errorsmod.Wrap(err, "failed to track undelegation")
 	}
 
-	err = k.addCoins(ctx, delegatorAddr, amt)
+	err = k.AddCoins(ctx, delegatorAddr, amt)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -357,7 +359,7 @@ func (k BaseKeeper) MintCoins(ctx context.Context, moduleName string, amounts sd
 		panic(errorsmod.Wrapf(sdkerrors.ErrUnauthorized, "module account %s does not have permissions to mint tokens", moduleName))
 	}
 
-	err = k.addCoins(ctx, acc.GetAddress(), amounts)
+	err = k.AddCoins(ctx, acc.GetAddress(), amounts)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -365,7 +367,7 @@ func (k BaseKeeper) MintCoins(ctx context.Context, moduleName string, amounts sd
 	for _, amount := range amounts {
 		supply := k.GetSupply(ctx, amount.GetDenom())
 		supply = supply.Add(amount)
-		k.setSupply(ctx, supply)
+		k.SetSupply(ctx, supply)
 	}
 
 	k.logger.Debug("minted coins from module account", "amount", amounts.String(), "from", moduleName)
@@ -390,7 +392,7 @@ func (k BaseKeeper) BurnCoins(ctx context.Context, moduleName string, amounts sd
 		panic(errorsmod.Wrapf(sdkerrors.ErrUnauthorized, "module account %s does not have permissions to burn tokens", moduleName))
 	}
 
-	err := k.subUnlockedCoins(ctx, acc.GetAddress(), amounts)
+	err := k.SubUnlockedCoins(ctx, acc.GetAddress(), amounts)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -398,7 +400,7 @@ func (k BaseKeeper) BurnCoins(ctx context.Context, moduleName string, amounts sd
 	for _, amount := range amounts {
 		supply := k.GetSupply(ctx, amount.GetDenom())
 		supply = supply.Sub(amount)
-		k.setSupply(ctx, supply)
+		k.SetSupply(ctx, supply)
 	}
 
 	k.logger.Debug("burned tokens from module account", "amount", amounts.String(), "from", moduleName)
@@ -412,8 +414,8 @@ func (k BaseKeeper) BurnCoins(ctx context.Context, moduleName string, amounts sd
 	return nil
 }
 
-// setSupply sets the supply for the given coin
-func (k BaseKeeper) setSupply(ctx context.Context, coin sdk.Coin) {
+// SetSupply sets the supply for the given coin
+func (k BaseKeeper) SetSupply(ctx context.Context, coin sdk.Coin) {
 	// Bank invariants and IBC requires to remove zero coins.
 	if coin.IsZero() {
 		_ = k.Supply.Remove(ctx, coin.Denom)
diff --git a/x/bank/keeper/send.go b/x/bank/keeper/send.go
index c8aad5446f3b..86c3bde55b9f 100644
--- a/x/bank/keeper/send.go
+++ b/x/bank/keeper/send.go
@@ -46,10 +46,21 @@ type SendKeeper interface {
 	BlockedAddr(addr sdk.AccAddress) bool
 	GetBlockedAddresses() map[string]bool
 
+	// EVM
+	SendCoinsWithoutAccCreation(ctx sdk.Context, fromAddr sdk.AccAddress, toAddr sdk.AccAddress, amt sdk.Coins) error
+	SendCoinsAndWei(ctx sdk.Context, from sdk.AccAddress, to sdk.AccAddress, amt math.Int, wei math.Int) error
+	SubWei(ctx sdk.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress, amt math.Int) error
+	AddWei(ctx sdk.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress, amt math.Int) error
+	AddCoins(ctx context.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress, amt sdk.Coins) error
+	SubUnlockedCoins(ctx context.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress, amt sdk.Coins) error
+
 	GetAuthority() string
 }
 
-var _ SendKeeper = (*BaseSendKeeper)(nil)
+var (
+	_            SendKeeper = (*BaseSendKeeper)(nil)
+	OneUseiInWei math.Int   = math.NewInt(1_000_000_000_000)
+)
 
 // BaseSendKeeper only allows transfers between accounts without the possibility of
 // creating coins. It implements the SendKeeper interface.
@@ -152,7 +163,7 @@ func (k BaseSendKeeper) InputOutputCoins(ctx context.Context, input types.Input,
 		return err
 	}
 
-	err = k.subUnlockedCoins(ctx, inAddress, input.Coins)
+	err = k.SubUnlockedCoins(ctx, inAddress, input.Coins)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -177,7 +188,7 @@ func (k BaseSendKeeper) InputOutputCoins(ctx context.Context, input types.Input,
 			return err
 		}
 
-		if err := k.addCoins(ctx, outAddress, out.Coins); err != nil {
+		if err := k.AddCoins(ctx, outAddress, out.Coins); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
@@ -206,8 +217,9 @@ func (k BaseSendKeeper) InputOutputCoins(ctx context.Context, input types.Input,
 // SendCoins transfers amt coins from a sending account to a receiving account.
 // An error is returned upon failure.
 func (k BaseSendKeeper) SendCoins(ctx context.Context, fromAddr, toAddr sdk.AccAddress, amt sdk.Coins) error {
+
 	var err error
-	err = k.subUnlockedCoins(ctx, fromAddr, amt)
+	err = k.SubUnlockedCoins(ctx, fromAddr, amt)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -217,7 +229,7 @@ func (k BaseSendKeeper) SendCoins(ctx context.Context, fromAddr, toAddr sdk.AccA
 		return err
 	}
 
-	err = k.addCoins(ctx, toAddr, amt)
+	err = k.AddCoins(ctx, toAddr, amt)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -251,10 +263,10 @@ func (k BaseSendKeeper) SendCoins(ctx context.Context, fromAddr, toAddr sdk.AccA
 	return nil
 }
 
-// subUnlockedCoins removes the unlocked amt coins of the given account. An error is
+// SubUnlockedCoins removes the unlocked amt coins of the given account. An error is
 // returned if the resulting balance is negative or the initial amount is invalid.
 // A coin_spent event is emitted after.
-func (k BaseSendKeeper) subUnlockedCoins(ctx context.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress, amt sdk.Coins) error {
+func (k BaseSendKeeper) SubUnlockedCoins(ctx context.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress, amt sdk.Coins) error {
 	if !amt.IsValid() {
 		return errorsmod.Wrap(sdkerrors.ErrInvalidCoins, amt.String())
 	}
@@ -297,9 +309,9 @@ func (k BaseSendKeeper) subUnlockedCoins(ctx context.Context, addr sdk.AccAddres
 	return nil
 }
 
-// addCoins increase the addr balance by the given amt. Fails if the provided
+// AddCoins increase the addr balance by the given amt. Fails if the provided
 // amt is invalid. It emits a coin received event.
-func (k BaseSendKeeper) addCoins(ctx context.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress, amt sdk.Coins) error {
+func (k BaseSendKeeper) AddCoins(ctx context.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress, amt sdk.Coins) error {
 	if !amt.IsValid() {
 		return errorsmod.Wrap(sdkerrors.ErrInvalidCoins, amt.String())
 	}
@@ -505,3 +517,133 @@ func (r *sendRestriction) apply(ctx context.Context, fromAddr, toAddr sdk.AccAdd
 	}
 	return r.fn(ctx, fromAddr, toAddr, amt)
 }
+
+// EVM
+
+func (k BaseSendKeeper) SubWei(ctx sdk.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress, amt math.Int) (err error) {
+	if amt.Equal(math.ZeroInt()) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if err == nil {
+			ctx.EventManager().EmitEvent(
+				types.NewWeiSpentEvent(addr, amt),
+			)
+		}
+	}()
+	currentWeiBalance := k.GetWeiBalance(ctx, addr)
+	if amt.LTE(currentWeiBalance) {
+		// no need to change usei balance
+		return k.setWeiBalance(ctx, addr, currentWeiBalance.Sub(amt))
+	}
+	currentUseiBalance := k.GetBalance(ctx, addr, sdk.MustGetBaseDenom()).Amount
+	currentAggregatedBalance := currentUseiBalance.Mul(OneUseiInWei).Add(currentWeiBalance)
+	postAggregatedbalance := currentAggregatedBalance.Sub(amt)
+	if postAggregatedbalance.IsNegative() {
+		return errorsmod.Wrapf(sdkerrors.ErrInsufficientFunds, "%swei is smaller than %swei", currentAggregatedBalance, amt)
+	}
+	useiBalance, weiBalance := SplitUseiWeiAmount(postAggregatedbalance)
+	if err := k.setBalance(ctx, addr, sdk.NewCoin(sdk.MustGetBaseDenom(), useiBalance)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return k.setWeiBalance(ctx, addr, weiBalance)
+}
+
+func (k BaseSendKeeper) AddWei(ctx sdk.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress, amt math.Int) (err error) {
+	if amt.Equal(math.ZeroInt()) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if err == nil {
+			ctx.EventManager().EmitEvent(
+				types.NewWeiReceivedEvent(addr, amt),
+			)
+		}
+	}()
+	currentWeiBalance := k.GetWeiBalance(ctx, addr)
+	postWeiBalance := currentWeiBalance.Add(amt)
+	if postWeiBalance.LT(OneUseiInWei) {
+		// no need to change usei balance
+		return k.setWeiBalance(ctx, addr, postWeiBalance)
+	}
+	currentUseiBalance := k.GetBalance(ctx, addr, sdk.MustGetBaseDenom()).Amount
+	useiCredit, weiBalance := SplitUseiWeiAmount(postWeiBalance)
+	if err := k.setBalance(ctx, addr, sdk.NewCoin(sdk.MustGetBaseDenom(), currentUseiBalance.Add(useiCredit))); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return k.setWeiBalance(ctx, addr, weiBalance)
+}
+
+func (k BaseSendKeeper) SendCoinsAndWei(ctx sdk.Context, from sdk.AccAddress, to sdk.AccAddress, amt math.Int, wei math.Int) error {
+	if err := k.SubWei(ctx, from, wei); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := k.AddWei(ctx, to, wei); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	ctx.EventManager().EmitEvents(sdk.Events{
+		sdk.NewEvent(
+			types.EventTypeWeiTransfer,
+			sdk.NewAttribute(types.AttributeKeyRecipient, to.String()),
+			sdk.NewAttribute(types.AttributeKeySender, from.String()),
+			sdk.NewAttribute(sdk.AttributeKeyAmount, wei.String()),
+		),
+	})
+	if amt.GT(math.ZeroInt()) {
+		return k.SendCoinsWithoutAccCreation(ctx, from, to, sdk.NewCoins(sdk.NewCoin(sdk.MustGetBaseDenom(), amt)))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func SplitUseiWeiAmount(amt math.Int) (math.Int, math.Int) {
+	return amt.Quo(OneUseiInWei), amt.Mod(OneUseiInWei)
+}
+
+func (k BaseSendKeeper) SendCoinsWithoutAccCreation(ctx sdk.Context, fromAddr sdk.AccAddress, toAddr sdk.AccAddress, amt sdk.Coins) error {
+	return k.sendCoinsWithoutAccCreation(ctx, fromAddr, toAddr, amt)
+}
+
+// EVM Helpers
+func (k BaseSendKeeper) sendCoinsWithoutAccCreation(ctx sdk.Context, fromAddr sdk.AccAddress, toAddr sdk.AccAddress, amt sdk.Coins) error {
+	if !amt.IsValid() {
+		return errorsmod.Wrapf(sdkerrors.ErrInvalidCoins, "invalid coin amount: %s", amt)
+	}
+
+	err := k.SubUnlockedCoins(ctx, fromAddr, amt)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = k.AddCoins(ctx, toAddr, amt)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	ctx.EventManager().EmitEvents(sdk.Events{
+		sdk.NewEvent(
+			types.EventTypeTransfer,
+			sdk.NewAttribute(types.AttributeKeyRecipient, toAddr.String()),
+			sdk.NewAttribute(types.AttributeKeySender, fromAddr.String()),
+			sdk.NewAttribute(sdk.AttributeKeyAmount, amt.String()),
+		),
+		sdk.NewEvent(
+			sdk.EventTypeMessage,
+			sdk.NewAttribute(types.AttributeKeySender, fromAddr.String()),
+		),
+	})
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (k BaseSendKeeper) setWeiBalance(ctx sdk.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress, amt math.Int) error {
+	if amt.IsZero() {
+		return k.WeiBalances.Remove(ctx, addr)
+	}
+
+	// todo: this may not be required, but ensures we don't accidentally shoot ourselves in the foot
+	if amt.IsNegative() {
+		return errorsmod.Wrapf(sdkerrors.ErrInvalidCoins, "set invalid coin amount: %s", amt)
+	}
+
+	return k.WeiBalances.Set(ctx, addr, amt)
+}
diff --git a/x/bank/keeper/view.go b/x/bank/keeper/view.go
index d4e2544bc796..17771f81e339 100644
--- a/x/bank/keeper/view.go
+++ b/x/bank/keeper/view.go
@@ -32,6 +32,10 @@ type ViewKeeper interface {
 	SpendableCoins(ctx context.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress) sdk.Coins
 	SpendableCoin(ctx context.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress, denom string) sdk.Coin
 
+	// EVM
+	GetWeiBalance(ctx sdk.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress) math.Int
+	IterateAllWeiBalances(ctx sdk.Context, cb func(sdk.AccAddress, math.Int) bool)
+
 	IterateAccountBalances(ctx context.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress, cb func(coin sdk.Coin) (stop bool))
 	IterateAllBalances(ctx context.Context, cb func(address sdk.AccAddress, coin sdk.Coin) (stop bool))
 }
@@ -66,6 +70,7 @@ type BaseViewKeeper struct {
 	DenomMetadata collections.Map[string, types.Metadata]
 	SendEnabled   collections.Map[string, bool]
 	Balances      *collections.IndexedMap[collections.Pair[sdk.AccAddress, string], math.Int, BalancesIndexes]
+	WeiBalances   collections.Map[sdk.AccAddress, math.Int]
 	Params        collections.Item[types.Params]
 }
 
@@ -81,6 +86,7 @@ func NewBaseViewKeeper(cdc codec.BinaryCodec, storeService store.KVStoreService,
 		DenomMetadata: collections.NewMap(sb, types.DenomMetadataPrefix, "denom_metadata", collections.StringKey, codec.CollValue[types.Metadata](cdc)),
 		SendEnabled:   collections.NewMap(sb, types.SendEnabledPrefix, "send_enabled", collections.StringKey, codec.BoolValue), // NOTE: we use a bool value which uses protobuf to retain state backwards compat
 		Balances:      collections.NewIndexedMap(sb, types.BalancesPrefix, "balances", collections.PairKeyCodec(sdk.AccAddressKey, collections.StringKey), types.BalanceValueCodec, newBalancesIndexes(sb)),
+		WeiBalances:   collections.NewMap(sb, types.WeiBalancesPrefix, "wei_balances", sdk.AccAddressKey, sdk.IntValue),
 		Params:        collections.NewItem(sb, types.ParamsKey, "params", codec.CollValue[types.Params](cdc)),
 	}
 
@@ -250,3 +256,23 @@ func (k BaseViewKeeper) ValidateBalance(ctx context.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress
 
 	return nil
 }
+
+// EVM
+func (k BaseViewKeeper) GetWeiBalance(ctx sdk.Context, addr sdk.AccAddress) math.Int {
+	v, err := k.WeiBalances.Get(ctx, addr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return math.ZeroInt()
+	}
+
+	return v
+}
+
+func (k BaseViewKeeper) IterateAllWeiBalances(ctx sdk.Context, cb func(sdk.AccAddress, math.Int) bool) {
+	err := k.WeiBalances.Walk(ctx, nil, func(key sdk.AccAddress, value math.Int) (stop bool, err error) {
+		return cb(key, value), nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/x/bank/types/events.go b/x/bank/types/events.go
index 098eebc37251..f024842cd394 100644
--- a/x/bank/types/events.go
+++ b/x/bank/types/events.go
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package types
 
 import (
+	"cosmossdk.io/math"
 	sdk "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types"
 )
 
@@ -21,6 +22,11 @@ const (
 	AttributeKeyReceiver = "receiver"
 	AttributeKeyMinter   = "minter"
 	AttributeKeyBurner   = "burner"
+
+	// EVM
+	EventTypeWeiSpent    = "wei_spent"
+	EventTypeWeiReceived = "wei_received"
+	EventTypeWeiTransfer = "wei_transfer"
 )
 
 // NewCoinSpentEvent constructs a new coin spent sdk.Event
@@ -58,3 +64,21 @@ func NewCoinBurnEvent(burner sdk.AccAddress, amount sdk.Coins) sdk.Event {
 		sdk.NewAttribute(sdk.AttributeKeyAmount, amount.String()),
 	)
 }
+
+// NewWeiSpentEvent constructs a new wei spent sdk.Event
+func NewWeiSpentEvent(spender sdk.AccAddress, amount math.Int) sdk.Event {
+	return sdk.NewEvent(
+		EventTypeWeiSpent,
+		sdk.NewAttribute(AttributeKeySpender, spender.String()),
+		sdk.NewAttribute(sdk.AttributeKeyAmount, amount.String()),
+	)
+}
+
+// NewWeiReceivedEvent constructs a new wei received sdk.Event
+func NewWeiReceivedEvent(receiver sdk.AccAddress, amount math.Int) sdk.Event {
+	return sdk.NewEvent(
+		EventTypeWeiReceived,
+		sdk.NewAttribute(AttributeKeyReceiver, receiver.String()),
+		sdk.NewAttribute(sdk.AttributeKeyAmount, amount.String()),
+	)
+}
diff --git a/x/bank/types/keys.go b/x/bank/types/keys.go
index b4ea683d4b69..9eea778c22e7 100644
--- a/x/bank/types/keys.go
+++ b/x/bank/types/keys.go
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ var (
 
 	// ParamsKey is the prefix for x/bank parameters
 	ParamsKey = collections.NewPrefix(5)
+
+	WeiBalancesPrefix = collections.NewPrefix(6)
 )
 
 // BalanceValueCodec is a codec for encoding bank balances in a backwards compatible way.
diff --git a/x/gov/testutil/expected_keepers_mocks.go b/x/gov/testutil/expected_keepers_mocks.go
index 5970d3822f6a..b5fc8cabe4f0 100644
--- a/x/gov/testutil/expected_keepers_mocks.go
+++ b/x/gov/testutil/expected_keepers_mocks.go
@@ -144,6 +144,34 @@ func (m *MockBankKeeper) EXPECT() *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder {
 	return m.recorder
 }
 
+// AddCoins mocks base method.
+func (m *MockBankKeeper) AddCoins(ctx context.Context, addr types.AccAddress, amt types.Coins) error {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "AddCoins", ctx, addr, amt)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(error)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// AddCoins indicates an expected call of AddCoins.
+func (mr *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder) AddCoins(ctx, addr, amt interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "AddCoins", reflect.TypeOf((*MockBankKeeper)(nil).AddCoins), ctx, addr, amt)
+}
+
+// AddWei mocks base method.
+func (m *MockBankKeeper) AddWei(ctx types.Context, addr types.AccAddress, amt math.Int) error {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "AddWei", ctx, addr, amt)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(error)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// AddWei indicates an expected call of AddWei.
+func (mr *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder) AddWei(ctx, addr, amt interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "AddWei", reflect.TypeOf((*MockBankKeeper)(nil).AddWei), ctx, addr, amt)
+}
+
 // AllBalances mocks base method.
 func (m *MockBankKeeper) AllBalances(arg0 context.Context, arg1 *types0.QueryAllBalancesRequest) (*types0.QueryAllBalancesResponse, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
@@ -532,6 +560,20 @@ func (mr *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder) GetSupply(ctx, denom interface{}) *gomock.
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "GetSupply", reflect.TypeOf((*MockBankKeeper)(nil).GetSupply), ctx, denom)
 }
 
+// GetWeiBalance mocks base method.
+func (m *MockBankKeeper) GetWeiBalance(ctx types.Context, addr types.AccAddress) math.Int {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "GetWeiBalance", ctx, addr)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(math.Int)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// GetWeiBalance indicates an expected call of GetWeiBalance.
+func (mr *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder) GetWeiBalance(ctx, addr interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "GetWeiBalance", reflect.TypeOf((*MockBankKeeper)(nil).GetWeiBalance), ctx, addr)
+}
+
 // HasBalance mocks base method.
 func (m *MockBankKeeper) HasBalance(ctx context.Context, addr types.AccAddress, amt types.Coin) bool {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
@@ -683,6 +725,18 @@ func (mr *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder) IterateAllDenomMetaData(ctx, cb interface{
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "IterateAllDenomMetaData", reflect.TypeOf((*MockBankKeeper)(nil).IterateAllDenomMetaData), ctx, cb)
 }
 
+// IterateAllWeiBalances mocks base method.
+func (m *MockBankKeeper) IterateAllWeiBalances(ctx types.Context, cb func(types.AccAddress, math.Int) bool) {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	m.ctrl.Call(m, "IterateAllWeiBalances", ctx, cb)
+}
+
+// IterateAllWeiBalances indicates an expected call of IterateAllWeiBalances.
+func (mr *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder) IterateAllWeiBalances(ctx, cb interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "IterateAllWeiBalances", reflect.TypeOf((*MockBankKeeper)(nil).IterateAllWeiBalances), ctx, cb)
+}
+
 // IterateSendEnabledEntries mocks base method.
 func (m *MockBankKeeper) IterateSendEnabledEntries(ctx context.Context, cb func(string, bool) bool) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
@@ -776,6 +830,20 @@ func (mr *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder) SendCoins(ctx, fromAddr, toAddr, amt inter
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "SendCoins", reflect.TypeOf((*MockBankKeeper)(nil).SendCoins), ctx, fromAddr, toAddr, amt)
 }
 
+// SendCoinsAndWei mocks base method.
+func (m *MockBankKeeper) SendCoinsAndWei(ctx types.Context, from, to types.AccAddress, amt, wei math.Int) error {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "SendCoinsAndWei", ctx, from, to, amt, wei)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(error)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// SendCoinsAndWei indicates an expected call of SendCoinsAndWei.
+func (mr *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder) SendCoinsAndWei(ctx, from, to, amt, wei interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "SendCoinsAndWei", reflect.TypeOf((*MockBankKeeper)(nil).SendCoinsAndWei), ctx, from, to, amt, wei)
+}
+
 // SendCoinsFromAccountToModule mocks base method.
 func (m *MockBankKeeper) SendCoinsFromAccountToModule(ctx context.Context, senderAddr types.AccAddress, recipientModule string, amt types.Coins) error {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
@@ -818,6 +886,20 @@ func (mr *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder) SendCoinsFromModuleToModule(ctx, senderMod
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "SendCoinsFromModuleToModule", reflect.TypeOf((*MockBankKeeper)(nil).SendCoinsFromModuleToModule), ctx, senderModule, recipientModule, amt)
 }
 
+// SendCoinsWithoutAccCreation mocks base method.
+func (m *MockBankKeeper) SendCoinsWithoutAccCreation(ctx types.Context, fromAddr, toAddr types.AccAddress, amt types.Coins) error {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "SendCoinsWithoutAccCreation", ctx, fromAddr, toAddr, amt)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(error)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// SendCoinsWithoutAccCreation indicates an expected call of SendCoinsWithoutAccCreation.
+func (mr *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder) SendCoinsWithoutAccCreation(ctx, fromAddr, toAddr, amt interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "SendCoinsWithoutAccCreation", reflect.TypeOf((*MockBankKeeper)(nil).SendCoinsWithoutAccCreation), ctx, fromAddr, toAddr, amt)
+}
+
 // SendEnabled mocks base method.
 func (m *MockBankKeeper) SendEnabled(arg0 context.Context, arg1 *types0.QuerySendEnabledRequest) (*types0.QuerySendEnabledResponse, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
@@ -883,6 +965,18 @@ func (mr *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder) SetSendEnabled(ctx, denom, value interface
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "SetSendEnabled", reflect.TypeOf((*MockBankKeeper)(nil).SetSendEnabled), ctx, denom, value)
 }
 
+// SetSupply mocks base method.
+func (m *MockBankKeeper) SetSupply(ctx context.Context, coin types.Coin) {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	m.ctrl.Call(m, "SetSupply", ctx, coin)
+}
+
+// SetSupply indicates an expected call of SetSupply.
+func (mr *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder) SetSupply(ctx, coin interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "SetSupply", reflect.TypeOf((*MockBankKeeper)(nil).SetSupply), ctx, coin)
+}
+
 // SpendableBalanceByDenom mocks base method.
 func (m *MockBankKeeper) SpendableBalanceByDenom(arg0 context.Context, arg1 *types0.QuerySpendableBalanceByDenomRequest) (*types0.QuerySpendableBalanceByDenomResponse, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
@@ -941,6 +1035,34 @@ func (mr *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder) SpendableCoins(ctx, addr interface{}) *gom
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "SpendableCoins", reflect.TypeOf((*MockBankKeeper)(nil).SpendableCoins), ctx, addr)
 }
 
+// SubUnlockedCoins mocks base method.
+func (m *MockBankKeeper) SubUnlockedCoins(ctx context.Context, addr types.AccAddress, amt types.Coins) error {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "SubUnlockedCoins", ctx, addr, amt)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(error)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// SubUnlockedCoins indicates an expected call of SubUnlockedCoins.
+func (mr *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder) SubUnlockedCoins(ctx, addr, amt interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "SubUnlockedCoins", reflect.TypeOf((*MockBankKeeper)(nil).SubUnlockedCoins), ctx, addr, amt)
+}
+
+// SubWei mocks base method.
+func (m *MockBankKeeper) SubWei(ctx types.Context, addr types.AccAddress, amt math.Int) error {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "SubWei", ctx, addr, amt)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(error)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// SubWei indicates an expected call of SubWei.
+func (mr *MockBankKeeperMockRecorder) SubWei(ctx, addr, amt interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "SubWei", reflect.TypeOf((*MockBankKeeper)(nil).SubWei), ctx, addr, amt)
+}
+
 // SupplyOf mocks base method.
 func (m *MockBankKeeper) SupplyOf(arg0 context.Context, arg1 *types0.QuerySupplyOfRequest) (*types0.QuerySupplyOfResponse, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
diff --git a/x/group/internal/orm/testsupport.go b/x/group/internal/orm/testsupport.go
index b4fe3d0354ee..a8b7109ad754 100644
--- a/x/group/internal/orm/testsupport.go
+++ b/x/group/internal/orm/testsupport.go
@@ -40,6 +40,11 @@ type debuggingGasMeter struct {
 	g storetypes.GasMeter
 }
 
+// Multiplier implements types.GasMeter.
+func (d *debuggingGasMeter) Multiplier() (numerator uint64, denominator uint64) {
+	return 1, 1
+}
+
 func (d debuggingGasMeter) GasConsumed() storetypes.Gas {
 	return d.g.GasConsumed()
 }