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Homework 19: Multi-Blockchain Wallet in Python

Script Summary

The purpose of this Python script is to build a portfolio management system that can create and manage digital wallets for numerous crypto-assets, as well as conducting transactions across a blockchain network. It utilizes tools such as PHP and hd-wallet-derive along with the Web3 and bit libraries for Python. For demonstration purposes, wallets will be created for the ETH testnet and the BTCTEST testnet; cryptocurrencies transferred in and out of these digital wallets do not hold any monetary value.

Required Installations

The script runs on Python 3.7 and requires the installation of several dependencies and tools. A complete list of these components can be found in the requirements.txt file.

Below are brief instructions on how to install hd-wallet-derive and the bit and web3 libraries for Python, with links to guides that provide more in-depth procedures. Within those guides are additional resources that may be used to troubleshoot any issues that occur, or to learn more about the libraries and tools utilized

PHP and hd-wallet-derive

Clone the hd-wallet-derive repo (https://github.com/dan-da/hd-wallet-derive). Open git-bash terminal as Administrator and run the following:

$ git clone https://github.com/dan-da/hd-wallet-derive
$ cd hd-wallet-derive
$ curl https://getcomposer.org/installer -o installer.php
$ php installer.php
$ php composer.phar install

bit and web3.py

$ pip install web3
$ pip install bit

Wallet Management

Generate a Mnemonic Phrase

The 12-word mnemonic used to test the digital wallets was generated from Ian Coleman's Mnemonic Code Converter, though MyCrypto also has a mnemonic generator built in. The token can be stored in a .env file and imported into wallet.py.

Derive the Wallet Keys

derive_wallet function

This function uses the mnemonic to derive BIP32 addresses and private keys for Bitcoin, Ethereum, and other altcoins. This function is passed through a dictionary object named coins to derive and store the wallet data for both ETH and BTCTEST. derive_wallets coins

Linking the Transaction Signing Libraries

priv_key_to_account function

This function takes the privkey string from the derived child key and converts it into an account object. priv_key_to_account The addresses, keys, and account objects from the two functions are assigned to variables for ease of use.

create_tx function

This function creates a raw, unsigned transaction that contains all necessary metadata. create_tx

send_tx function

This function calls create_tx, signs the transaction, and then sends it to the designated network. send_tx

Transactions

In a git-bash terminal, navigate to the "wallet" directory and enter the commands below to run the script and send a transaction. Note that the script includes a custom function named chatter that provides status messages while running the other functions. It will prompt the user to answer '`y"' to disable the feature, or '"n"' to let it continue running.

$ python
$ from wallet import *
$ {'Disable chatter function? (y/n): '}
$ priv_key_to_account({coin}, {privkey})
$ send_tx({coin}, {account}, {to}, {amount})

Sending an ETH Transaction

Before sending any ETH transactions, a local node is created using the geth and puppeth tools from Go Ethereum. The derived wallet address is added to the pre-allocated accounts, which funds the account with test ETH, and the node is re-initialized using the network genesis. Instructions on setting up and running a local node can be found in this repository.

There are a few things to take note of when working with the web.py:

  • The first couple of transactions for the wallet should be made in MyCrypto in order to avoid a bug in web.py.
  • web.py automatically converts ether into wei for many of its methods, including those that check balances and those used for making transactions. Two functions were created to help the user convert between denominations. They are not included in any other functions
    • 1 ether = 1e18 wei [that is, 1 to the 18th power, or 18 zeros]
    • no_wei({amount}) converts ether to wei
    • yes_wei({amount}) converts wei into ether
  • Running w3.eth.get_balance({address}) returns the balance in wei no_wei, yes_wei

In the screenshots below, the functions were entered as follows:

$ priv_key_to_account(ETH, eth_privkey)
$ send_tx(ETH, eth_account, eth_receiver, 10)

send_tx(ETH)

The send_tx function returns a txid that can be used to track the transaction status through MyCrypto. transaction_successful

Sending a BTCTEST Transaction

The BTCTEST wallet is funded using a testnet faucet such as this one. Fortunately, no other tools are needed to send BTCTEST transactions over the testnet. The functions were entered as follows:

$ priv_key_to_account(BTCTEST, btctest_privkey)
$ send_tx(BTCTEST, btctest_account, btctest_receiver, 0.0001)

send_tx(BTCTEST)

A block explorer like this one can be used to track transactions using the account address; it also includes a testnet faucet. The transaction should be almost immediately successful. transaction_successful)