diff --git a/en/incident-response/sexual-assault/beginner/s_risk-factors.md b/en/incident-response/sexual-assault/beginner/s_risk-factors.md index 6567170d..ad602708 100644 --- a/en/incident-response/sexual-assault/beginner/s_risk-factors.md +++ b/en/incident-response/sexual-assault/beginner/s_risk-factors.md @@ -8,48 +8,45 @@ title: Risk factors * Areas in which a government has little or no control; * A conservative society which restricts contact between unmarried men and women; * Settings where it is common practice to extort sexual favours. -* The presence of many young men with access to arms. +* The presence of many young men with access to arms. This could include: - * Paramilitaries or police reputed to breach international standards of law; - * Undisciplined government soldiers; - * Rebel groups and violent youth movements; - * Demobilised, unemployed soldiers; - * Armed criminals who may commit sexual assault if they find a victim while commiting a robbery. +* Paramilitaries or police reputed to breach international standards of law; +* Undisciplined government soldiers; +* Rebel groups and violent youth movements; +* Demobilised, unemployed soldiers; +* Armed criminals who may commit sexual assault if they find a victim while commiting a robbery. ## General risk areas * Districts in which militia operate; -* The area surrounding a refugee camp or the periphery of a -camp; +* The area surrounding a refugee camp or the periphery of a camp; * Certain neighbourhoods in a town or city; * Prisons (men and women detained in police stations or in prison are often victims of rape); -* Certain types of hotels; -* Border crossings and checkpoints. +* Certain types of hotels; +* Border crossings and checkpoints. ## General risk periods -* After dark; -* During festivals and celebrations; -* During aid distributions; -* When women go to collect water or firewood or go to the -toilet; -* When armed groups are fleeing in defeat; -* When troops enter a town they have just captured. +* After dark; +* During festivals and celebrations; +* During aid distributions; +* When women go to collect water or firewood or go to the toilet; +* When armed groups are fleeing in defeat; +* When troops enter a town they have just captured. ## People at risk Some people may be at higher risk in some contexts. In conflict-ridden environments, there may be a higher risk of gang rape, aggravated assault (i.e. being threatened by weapons) and HIV infection as a result of rape. * People of a particular ethnic group; -* People living in an environment where they have -few or no social ties; +* People living in an environment where they have few or no social ties; * Western women; * Widows or female heads of household; -* Teenage girls (because they are thought less likely to have HIV); -* Marginalized persons, including gender and sexual minorities. +* Teenage girls (because they are thought less likely to have HIV); +* Marginalized persons, including gender and sexual minorities. *Fifty percent (50%) or more of all transgender and gender non-conforming people have experienced some form of -sexual abuse.* Forge Transgender Sexual Violence Project, ["A Self-Help Guide to Healing and Understanding,"](https://forge-forward.org/wp-content/docs/self-help-guide-to-healing-2015-FINAL.pdf) September 2015. \ No newline at end of file +sexual abuse.* Forge Transgender Sexual Violence Project, ["A Self-Help Guide to Healing and Understanding,"](https://forge-forward.org/wp-content/docs/self-help-guide-to-healing-2015-FINAL.pdf) September 2015.