diff --git a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ChannelAudienceManager.swift b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ChannelAudienceManager.swift
index c10226271..01582ef38 100644
--- a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ChannelAudienceManager.swift
+++ b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ChannelAudienceManager.swift
@@ -45,8 +45,6 @@ final class ChannelAudienceManager: ChannelAudienceManagerProtocol {
     private let audienceOverridesProvider: AudienceOverridesProvider
 
     private let date: AirshipDateProtocol
-    private let encoder = JSONEncoder()
-    private let decoder = JSONDecoder()
     private let updateLock = AirshipLock()
 
     private let cachedSubscriptionLists: CachedValue<[String]>
@@ -350,7 +348,7 @@ final class ChannelAudienceManager: ChannelAudienceManagerProtocol {
             if let data = self.dataStore.data(
                 forKey: ChannelAudienceManager.updatesKey
             ) {
-                result = try? self.decoder.decode(
+                result = try? JSONDecoder().decode(
                     [AudienceUpdate].self,
                     from: data
                 )
@@ -361,7 +359,7 @@ final class ChannelAudienceManager: ChannelAudienceManagerProtocol {
 
     private func storeUpdates(_ operations: [AudienceUpdate]) {
         updateLock.sync {
-            if let data = try? self.encoder.encode(operations) {
+            if let data = try? JSONEncoder().encode(operations) {
                 self.dataStore.setObject(
                     data,
                     forKey: ChannelAudienceManager.updatesKey
diff --git a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ChannelAuthTokenAPIClient.swift b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ChannelAuthTokenAPIClient.swift
index 3987889d5..92e901890 100644
--- a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ChannelAuthTokenAPIClient.swift
+++ b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ChannelAuthTokenAPIClient.swift
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ final class ChannelAuthTokenAPIClient: ChannelAuthTokenAPIClientProtocol, Sendab
     private let tokenPath = "/api/auth/device"
     private let config: RuntimeConfig
     private let session: AirshipRequestSession
-    private let decoder: JSONDecoder = JSONDecoder()
 
     init(
         config: RuntimeConfig,
diff --git a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ContactAPIClient.swift b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ContactAPIClient.swift
index c62dc7e58..544b19cc9 100644
--- a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ContactAPIClient.swift
+++ b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ContactAPIClient.swift
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ final class ContactAPIClient: ContactsAPIClientProtocol {
     private let config: RuntimeConfig
     private let session: AirshipRequestSession
 
-    private let decoder: JSONDecoder = {
+    private var decoder: JSONDecoder {
         let decoder = JSONDecoder()
         decoder.dateDecodingStrategy = .custom({ (decoder) -> Date in
             let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
@@ -84,9 +84,9 @@ final class ContactAPIClient: ContactsAPIClientProtocol {
             return date
         })
         return decoder
-    }()
+    }
 
-    private let encoder: JSONEncoder = {
+    private var encoder: JSONEncoder {
         let encoder = JSONEncoder()
         encoder.dateEncodingStrategy = .custom({ date, encoder in
             var container = encoder.singleValueContainer()
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ final class ContactAPIClient: ContactsAPIClientProtocol {
             )
         })
         return encoder
-    }()
+    }
 
     init(config: RuntimeConfig, session: AirshipRequestSession) {
         self.config = config
diff --git a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ContactChannelsAPIClient.swift b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ContactChannelsAPIClient.swift
index d41625b4f..30534fec9 100644
--- a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ContactChannelsAPIClient.swift
+++ b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/ContactChannelsAPIClient.swift
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ final class ContactChannelsAPIClient: ContactChannelsAPIClientProtocol {
     private let config: RuntimeConfig
     private let session: AirshipRequestSession
     
-    private let decoder: JSONDecoder = {
+    private var decoder: JSONDecoder {
         let decoder = JSONDecoder()
         decoder.dateDecodingStrategy = .custom({ (decoder) -> Date in
             let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ final class ContactChannelsAPIClient: ContactChannelsAPIClientProtocol {
             return date
         })
         return decoder
-    }()
+    }
     
     init(config: RuntimeConfig, session: AirshipRequestSession) {
         self.config = config
diff --git a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/PreferenceDataStore.swift b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/PreferenceDataStore.swift
index bd735a74b..00510f197 100644
--- a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/PreferenceDataStore.swift
+++ b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/PreferenceDataStore.swift
@@ -8,9 +8,6 @@ public final class PreferenceDataStore: @unchecked Sendable {
     private let defaults: UserDefaults
     private let appKey: String
     static let deviceIDKey = "deviceID"
-
-    private let decoder = JSONDecoder()
-    private let encoder = JSONEncoder()
     
     private var pending: [String: [Any?]] = [:]
     private var cache: [String: Cached] = [:]
@@ -177,7 +174,7 @@ public final class PreferenceDataStore: @unchecked Sendable {
             return nil
         }
 
-        return try decoder.decode(T.self, from: data)
+        return try JSONDecoder().decode(T.self, from: data)
     }
 
     public func safeCodable<T: Codable>(forKey key: String) -> T? {
@@ -209,7 +206,7 @@ public final class PreferenceDataStore: @unchecked Sendable {
             return
         }
 
-        let data = try encoder.encode(codable)
+        let data = try JSONEncoder().encode(codable)
         write(key, value: data)
     }
 
diff --git a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/RemoteDataAPIClient.swift b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/RemoteDataAPIClient.swift
index 574e84037..700c6681b 100644
--- a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/RemoteDataAPIClient.swift
+++ b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/RemoteDataAPIClient.swift
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ final class RemoteDataAPIClient: RemoteDataAPIClientProtocol {
     private let session: AirshipRequestSession
     private let config: RuntimeConfig
 
-    private let decoder: JSONDecoder = {
+    private var decoder: JSONDecoder {
         let decoder = JSONDecoder()
         decoder.dateDecodingStrategy = .custom({ (decoder) -> Date in
             let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ final class RemoteDataAPIClient: RemoteDataAPIClientProtocol {
             return date
         })
         return decoder
-    }()
+    }
 
     init(config: RuntimeConfig, session: AirshipRequestSession) {
         self.config = config
diff --git a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/RemoteDataInfo.swift b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/RemoteDataInfo.swift
index 492032d84..37dcdf8ee 100644
--- a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/RemoteDataInfo.swift
+++ b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/RemoteDataInfo.swift
@@ -14,14 +14,11 @@ public struct RemoteDataInfo: Sendable, Codable, Equatable, Hashable {
         self.contactID = contactID
     }
 
-    private static let decoder = JSONDecoder()
-    private static let encoder = JSONEncoder()
-
     static func fromJSON(data: Data) throws -> RemoteDataInfo {
-        return try RemoteDataInfo.decoder.decode(RemoteDataInfo.self, from: data)
+        try JSONDecoder().decode(RemoteDataInfo.self, from: data)
     }
 
     func toEncodedJSONData() throws -> Data {
-        return try RemoteDataInfo.encoder.encode(self)
+        try JSONEncoder().encode(self)
     }
 }
diff --git a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/SMSValidator.swift b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/SMSValidator.swift
index def1931cc..a81e9b897 100644
--- a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/SMSValidator.swift
+++ b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/SMSValidator.swift
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ final class SMSValidatorAPIClient: SMSValidatorAPIClientProtocol {
     private let config: RuntimeConfig
     private let session: AirshipRequestSession
 
-    private let decoder: JSONDecoder = {
+    private var decoder: JSONDecoder {
         let decoder = JSONDecoder()
         decoder.dateDecodingStrategy = .custom({ (decoder) -> Date in
             let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
@@ -104,9 +104,9 @@ final class SMSValidatorAPIClient: SMSValidatorAPIClientProtocol {
             return date
         })
         return decoder
-    }()
+    }
 
-    private let encoder: JSONEncoder = {
+    private var encoder: JSONEncoder {
         let encoder = JSONEncoder()
         encoder.dateEncodingStrategy = .custom({ date, encoder in
             var container = encoder.singleValueContainer()
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ final class SMSValidatorAPIClient: SMSValidatorAPIClientProtocol {
             )
         })
         return encoder
-    }()
+    }
 
     init(config: RuntimeConfig, session: AirshipRequestSession) {
         self.config = config
diff --git a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/SubscriptionListAction.swift b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/SubscriptionListAction.swift
index f190ba1ca..571d14633 100644
--- a/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/SubscriptionListAction.swift
+++ b/Airship/AirshipCore/Source/SubscriptionListAction.swift
@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ public final class SubscriptionListAction: AirshipAction {
     private let channel: @Sendable () -> AirshipChannelProtocol
     private let contact: @Sendable () -> AirshipContactProtocol
   
-    private let decoder: JSONDecoder = {
+    private var decoder: JSONDecoder {
         let decoder = JSONDecoder()
         decoder.dateDecodingStrategy = .iso8601
         return decoder
-    }()
+    }
     
     public var _decoder: JSONDecoder {
         return decoder