diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/index.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/index.ts
index 74df7d7cef277e..dd86f72168a3ad 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/index.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/index.ts
@@ -15,8 +15,19 @@ export { optimizeDeps } from './optimizer'
 export { formatPostcssSourceMap, preprocessCSS } from './plugins/css'
 export { transformWithEsbuild } from './plugins/esbuild'
 export { buildErrorMessage } from './server/middlewares/error'
-export { fetchModule } from './ssr/fetchModule'
-export type { FetchModuleOptions } from './ssr/fetchModule'
+
+export { RemoteEnvironmentTransport } from './server/environmentTransport'
+export { createNodeEnvironment } from './server/environments/nodeEnvironment'
+export {
+  DevEnvironment,
+  type DevEnvironmentOptions,
+} from './server/environment'
+export { BuildEnvironment } from './build'
+
+export { fetchModule, type FetchModuleOptions } from './ssr/fetchModule'
+export { createServerModuleRunner } from './ssr/runtime/serverModuleRunner'
+export { ServerHMRConnector } from './ssr/runtime/serverHmrConnector'
+
 export * from './publicUtils'
 
 // additional types
@@ -118,7 +129,6 @@ export type {
   EnvironmentModuleNode,
   ResolvedUrl,
 } from './server/moduleGraph'
-export { RemoteEnvironmentTransport } from './server/environmentTransport'
 export type { SendOptions } from './server/send'
 export type { ProxyOptions } from './server/middlewares/proxy'
 export type {
@@ -135,9 +145,7 @@ export type {
 } from './server/hmr'
 
 export type { FetchFunction, FetchResult } from 'vite/module-runner'
-export { createServerModuleRunner } from './ssr/runtime/serverModuleRunner'
 export type { ServerModuleRunnerOptions } from './ssr/runtime/serverModuleRunner'
-export { ServerHMRConnector } from './ssr/runtime/serverHmrConnector'
 
 export type { BindCLIShortcutsOptions, CLIShortcut } from './shortcuts'
 
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/server/environment.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/server/environment.ts
index 60ef5d04ba20b8..b33e4f0b492960 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/server/environment.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/server/environment.ts
@@ -15,6 +15,14 @@ import type { TransformResult } from './transformRequest'
 import { ERR_CLOSED_SERVER } from './pluginContainer'
 import type { RemoteEnvironmentTransport } from './environmentTransport'
 
+export interface DevEnvironmentOptions {
+  hot?: false | HMRChannel
+  config?: DevEnvironmentConfig
+  runner?: FetchModuleOptions & {
+    transport?: RemoteEnvironmentTransport
+  }
+}
+
 // Maybe we will rename this to DevEnvironment
 export class DevEnvironment extends Environment {
   mode = 'dev' as const // TODO: should this be 'serve'?
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/server/environments/ssrEnvironment.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/server/environments/nodeEnvironment.ts
similarity index 76%
rename from packages/vite/src/node/server/environments/ssrEnvironment.ts
rename to packages/vite/src/node/server/environments/nodeEnvironment.ts
index 3752fe54a7f651..ce507cebf01099 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/server/environments/ssrEnvironment.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/server/environments/nodeEnvironment.ts
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
+import type { DevEnvironmentOptions } from '../environment';
 import { DevEnvironment } from '../environment'
-import type { ServerHMRChannel } from '../hmr'
 import type { ViteDevServer } from '../index'
 import { asyncFunctionDeclarationPaddingLineCount } from '../../../shared/utils'
 
-export function createSsrEnvironment(
+export function createNodeEnvironment(
   server: ViteDevServer,
   name: string,
-  hotChannel: ServerHMRChannel,
+  options?: DevEnvironmentOptions,
 ): DevEnvironment {
   return new DevEnvironment(server, name, {
-    hot: hotChannel,
+    ...options,
     runner: {
       processSourceMap(map) {
         // this assumes that "new AsyncFunction" is used to create the module
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ export function createSsrEnvironment(
             ';'.repeat(asyncFunctionDeclarationPaddingLineCount) + map.mappings,
         })
       },
+      ...options?.runner,
     },
   })
 }
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/server/index.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/server/index.ts
index dde4f054945039..233fa4a087d541 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/server/index.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/server/index.ts
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ import { transformRequest } from './transformRequest'
 import { searchForWorkspaceRoot } from './searchRoot'
 import { warmupFiles } from './warmup'
 import { DevEnvironment } from './environment'
-import { createSsrEnvironment } from './environments/ssrEnvironment'
+import { createNodeEnvironment } from './environments/nodeEnvironment'
 
 export interface ServerOptions extends CommonServerOptions {
   /**
@@ -775,7 +775,7 @@ export async function _createServer(
   const ssr_createEnvironment =
     config.environments.ssr?.dev?.createEnvironment ??
     ((server: ViteDevServer, name: string) =>
-      createSsrEnvironment(server, name, ssrHotChannel))
+      createNodeEnvironment(server, name, { hot: ssrHotChannel }))
 
   environments.ssr = ssr_createEnvironment(server, 'ssr')