From 86d8583b43405e7e7c9cf45c3e01a3eeafdc8f41 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Polkadot Wiki CI Date: Thu, 30 Nov 2023 10:14:47 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Deploy website - based on 768421e9a583bf75a262ed04fdadfe84896b03ae --- 404.html | 4 ++-- assets/js/1d6d4797.1d49c46e.js | 1 - assets/js/1d6d4797.9f327517.js | 1 + .../{ab138bf8.76704e9c.js => ab138bf8.c3d8d89d.js} | 2 +- assets/js/fa343ad1.b3589c09.js | 1 + assets/js/fa343ad1.fd4b34be.js | 1 - ...ime~main.7c5a66ca.js => runtime~main.bffbc7cd.js} | 2 +- docs/ambassadors.html | 4 ++-- docs/apps-index.html | 4 ++-- docs/bug-bounty.html | 4 ++-- docs/build-client-index.html | 4 ++-- docs/build-dapp.html | 4 ++-- docs/build-data.html | 4 ++-- docs/build-guide.html | 4 ++-- docs/build-hackathon.html | 4 ++-- docs/build-hrmp-channels.html | 4 ++-- docs/build-index.html | 4 ++-- docs/build-integrate-assets.html | 4 ++-- docs/build-integration.html | 4 ++-- docs/build-light-clients.html | 4 ++-- docs/build-network-index.html | 4 ++-- 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- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/assets/js/1d6d4797.1d49c46e.js b/assets/js/1d6d4797.1d49c46e.js deleted file mode 100644 index 7c3d17e59ff7..000000000000 --- a/assets/js/1d6d4797.1d49c46e.js +++ /dev/null @@ -1 +0,0 @@ -"use strict";(self.webpackChunk=self.webpackChunk||[]).push([[12],{3905:(e,t,n)=>{n.d(t,{Zo:()=>u,kt:()=>d});var a=n(67294);function r(e,t,n){return t in e?Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:n,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}):e[t]=n,e}function i(e,t){var n=Object.keys(e);if(Object.getOwnPropertySymbols){var a=Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(e);t&&(a=a.filter((function(t){return Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(e,t).enumerable}))),n.push.apply(n,a)}return n}function o(e){for(var t=1;t=0||(r[n]=e[n]);return r}(e,t);if(Object.getOwnPropertySymbols){var i=Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(e);for(a=0;a=0||Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable.call(e,n)&&(r[n]=e[n])}return r}var c=a.createContext({}),s=function(e){var t=a.useContext(c),n=t;return e&&(n="function"==typeof e?e(t):o(o({},t),e)),n},u=function(e){var t=s(e.components);return a.createElement(c.Provider,{value:t},e.children)},p="mdxType",h={inlineCode:"code",wrapper:function(e){var t=e.children;return a.createElement(a.Fragment,{},t)}},m=a.forwardRef((function(e,t){var n=e.components,r=e.mdxType,i=e.originalType,c=e.parentName,u=l(e,["components","mdxType","originalType","parentName"]),p=s(n),m=r,d=p["".concat(c,".").concat(m)]||p[m]||h[m]||i;return n?a.createElement(d,o(o({ref:t},u),{},{components:n})):a.createElement(d,o({ref:t},u))}));function d(e,t){var n=arguments,r=t&&t.mdxType;if("string"==typeof e||r){var i=n.length,o=new Array(i);o[0]=m;var l={};for(var c in t)hasOwnProperty.call(t,c)&&(l[c]=t[c]);l.originalType=e,l[p]="string"==typeof e?e:r,o[1]=l;for(var s=2;s{n.r(t),n.d(t,{assets:()=>u,contentTitle:()=>c,default:()=>d,frontMatter:()=>l,metadata:()=>s,toc:()=>p});var a=n(87462),r=n(63366),i=(n(67294),n(3905)),o=["components"],l={id:"learn-xcm-docs-journey-transact",title:"Transact",sidebar_label:"Transact: A General Solution",description:"The Transact Instruction to Execute XCM Calls.",keywords:["xcm","cross-consensus messaging","transact"],slug:"../journey-transact"},c="Transact",s={unversionedId:"learn/xcm/journey/learn-xcm-docs-journey-transact",id:"learn/xcm/journey/learn-xcm-docs-journey-transact",title:"Transact",description:"The Transact Instruction to Execute XCM Calls.",source:"@site/../docs/learn/xcm/journey/transact.md",sourceDirName:"learn/xcm/journey",slug:"/learn/xcm/journey-transact",permalink:"/docs/learn/xcm/journey-transact",draft:!1,editUrl:"https://github.com/w3f/polkadot-wiki/edit/master/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transact.md",tags:[],version:"current",lastUpdatedBy:"bader y",lastUpdatedAt:1694099593,formattedLastUpdatedAt:"Sep 7, 2023",frontMatter:{id:"learn-xcm-docs-journey-transact",title:"Transact",sidebar_label:"Transact: A General Solution",description:"The Transact Instruction to Execute XCM Calls.",keywords:["xcm","cross-consensus messaging","transact"],slug:"../journey-transact"},sidebar:"docs",previous:{title:"Fee Handling",permalink:"/docs/learn/xcm/journey-fees"},next:{title:"Origin Manipulation",permalink:"/docs/learn/xcm/journey-origin"}},u={},p=[{value:"XCM Executor",id:"xcm-executor",level:2},{value:"Example 1",id:"example-1",level:2},{value:"Example 2",id:"example-2",level:2},{value:"Next:",id:"next",level:2}],h={toc:p},m="wrapper";function d(e){var t=e.components,n=(0,r.Z)(e,o);return(0,i.kt)(m,(0,a.Z)({},h,n,{components:t,mdxType:"MDXLayout"}),(0,i.kt)("h1",{id:"transact"},"Transact"),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"XCM contains an instruction that allows for the execution of calls (from a ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"RuntimeCall")," in a\nFRAME-based system, to a smart contract function call in an EVM-based system) in a consensus system.\nIt is the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Transact")," instruction and it looks like this:"),(0,i.kt)("pre",null,(0,i.kt)("code",{parentName:"pre",className:"language-rust"},"Transact {\n origin_kind: OriginKind,\n require_weight_at_most: Weight,\n call: DoubleEncoded\n}\n")),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"The Transact instruction has three fields. The ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"origin_kind")," is of type\n",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot/doc/xcm/v2/enum.OriginKind.html"},"OriginKind")," and specifies\nhow the origin of the call should be interpreted. In the xcm-executor, the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"origin_kind")," is used to\ndetermine how to convert a ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"MultiLocation")," origin into a ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"RuntimeOrigin"),". For more information,\ncheck out the ",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"../executor_config/index.html"},"xcm-executor config docs"),"."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"The ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"require_weight_at_most")," field tells the XCVM executing the call how much\n",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-fees"},"weight")," it can use. If the call uses more weight than the\nspecified ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"require_weight_at_most"),", the execution of the call fails."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"The ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"call")," field is of type ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"DoubleEncoded"),"."),(0,i.kt)("pre",null,(0,i.kt)("code",{parentName:"pre",className:"language-rust"},"pub struct DoubleEncoded {\n encoded: Vec,\n #[codec(skip)]\n decoded: Option,\n}\n")),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"XCM is consensus system agnostic; it does not know what is being encoded in the call field. Hence,\nthe field is a byte vector that can be freely interpreted in whatever form possible. However, the\nXCVM does not inherently know how to interpret this call field nor how to decode it; it is reliant\non the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"T")," type parameter to specify the proper codec for the byte vector. Instead of just using a\n",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Vec")," we use ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"DoubleEncoded")," as a wrapper around a pre-encoded call (",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Vec"),") with extra\nfunctionalities such as caching of the decoded value. We like to emphasize that the call in the\n",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Transact")," instruction can be anything from a ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"RuntimeCall")," in a FRAME-based system, to a smart\ncontract function call in an EVM-based system."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"Each XCVM has a Transact Status Register, to record the execution result of the call that is\ndispatched by the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Transact")," instruction. ",(0,i.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"Important note:")," The execution of the XCM instruction\ndoes ",(0,i.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"not")," error when the dispatched call errors."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"The status is described by the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"MaybeErrorCode")," enum, and can either be a Success, Error or\nTruncatedError if the length of the error exceeds the MaxDispatchErrorLen. For pallet-based calls,\nthe Error is represented as the scale encoded ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Error")," enum of the called pallet."),(0,i.kt)("pre",null,(0,i.kt)("code",{parentName:"pre",className:"language-rust"},"ExpectTransactStatus(MaybeErrorCode)\n\npub enum MaybeErrorCode {\n Success,\n Error(BoundedVec),\n TruncatedError(BoundedVec),\n}\n")),(0,i.kt)("h2",{id:"xcm-executor"},"XCM Executor"),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"In this section, we quickly look at how the XCM executor executes the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Transact")," instruction."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"It executes, among other things, the following steps:"),(0,i.kt)("ol",null,(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Decode the call field into the actual call that we want to dispatch."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Check with the ",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"../executor_config/index.html#safecallfilter"},"SafeCallFilter")," on whether the\nexecution of this call is allowed."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Use the ",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"../executor_config/index.html#originconverter"},"OriginConverter")," to convert the\n",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"MultiLocation")," origin into a ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"RuntimeOrigin"),"."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Check whether the call weight does not exceed ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"require_weight_at_most"),"."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Dispatch the call with the converted origin and set the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"transact_status")," register to be the\nresult of the dispatch."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Calculate the weight that was actually used during the dispatch.")),(0,i.kt)("h2",{id:"example-1"},"Example 1"),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"For the full example, check ",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"https://github.com/paritytech/xcm-docs/tree/main/examples"},"the repo"),"."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"In this example, the relay chain executes the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"set_balance")," function of ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"pallet_balances")," on\n",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Parachain(1)"),". This function requires the origin to be root. We enable the root origin for the\nrelay chain by setting ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"ParentAsSuperuser")," for the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"OriginConverter")," config type."),(0,i.kt)("pre",null,(0,i.kt)("code",{parentName:"pre",className:"language-rust"},"let call = parachain::RuntimeCall::Balances(\n pallet_balances::Call::::set_balance {\n who: ALICE,\n new_free: 5 * AMOUNT,\n new_reserved: 0,\n },\n);\n\nlet message = Xcm(vec![\n WithdrawAsset((Here, AMOUNT).into()),\n BuyExecution { fees: (Here, AMOUNT).into(), weight_limit: WeightLimit::Unlimited },\n Transact {\n origin_kind: OriginKind::Superuser,\n require_weight_at_most: Weight::from_parts(INITIAL_BALANCE as u64, 1024 * 1024),\n call: call.encode().into(),\n },\n]);\n")),(0,i.kt)("h2",{id:"example-2"},"Example 2"),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"For the full example, check ",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"https://github.com/paritytech/xcm-docs/tree/main/examples"},"the repo"),"."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"In this example, as Parachain(1), we create an NFT collection on the relay chain and we then mint an\nNFT with ID 1. The admin for the nft collection is parachain(1). The call looks as follows:"),(0,i.kt)("pre",null,(0,i.kt)("code",{parentName:"pre",className:"language-rust"},"let create_collection = relay_chain::RuntimeCall::Uniques(\n pallet_uniques::Call::::create {\n collection: 1u32,\n admin: parachain_sovereign_account_id(1),\n }\n);\n")),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"The owner of the NFT is Alice. The nft mint call looks as follows:"),(0,i.kt)("pre",null,(0,i.kt)("code",{parentName:"pre",className:"language-rust"},"let mint = relay_chain::RuntimeCall::Uniques(\n pallet_uniques::Call::::mint {\n collection: 1u32,\n item: 1u32,\n owner: ALICE,\n }\n);\n")),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"The xcm message contains the following instructions:"),(0,i.kt)("ol",null,(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Withdraw native assets from the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"Parachain(1)"),"'s sovereign account."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Buy weight with these assets."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Create a collection with as admin and owner the sovereign account of ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"Parachain(1)"),"."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Mints an NFT in the collection with item ID 1 and as owner Alice.")),(0,i.kt)("pre",null,(0,i.kt)("code",{parentName:"pre",className:"language-rust"},"let message = Xcm(vec![\n WithdrawAsset((Here, AMOUNT).into()),\n BuyExecution { fees: (Here, AMOUNT).into(), weight_limit: WeightLimit::Unlimited },\n Transact {\n origin_kind: OriginKind::SovereignAccount,\n require_weight_at_most: Weight::from_parts(INITIAL_BALANCE as u64, 1024 * 1024),\n call: create_collection.encode().into(),\n },\n Transact {\n origin_kind: OriginKind::SovereignAccount,\n require_weight_at_most: Weight::from_parts(INITIAL_BALANCE as u64, 1024 * 1024),\n call: mint.encode().into(),\n },\n]);\n")),(0,i.kt)("h2",{id:"next"},"Next:"),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"Check out the following instructions that interact with the Transact Status Register:"),(0,i.kt)("ul",null,(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"/docs/learn/xcm/journey-register#cleartransactstatus"},"ClearTransactStatus")),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"/docs/learn/xcm/journey-queries#reporttransactstatus"},"ReportTransactStatus")),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"/docs/learn/xcm/journey-expectations#expecttransactstatus"},"ExpectTransactStatus"))))}d.isMDXComponent=!0}}]); 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The ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"origin_kind")," is of type\n",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot/doc/xcm/v2/enum.OriginKind.html"},"OriginKind")," and specifies\nhow the origin of the call should be interpreted. In the xcm-executor, the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"origin_kind")," is used to\ndetermine how to convert a ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"MultiLocation")," origin into a ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"RuntimeOrigin"),". For more information,\ncheck out the ",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"/docs/learn/xcm/config-deep-dive"},"xcm-executor config docs"),"."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"The ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"require_weight_at_most")," field tells the XCVM executing the call how much\n",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-fees"},"weight")," it can use. If the call uses more weight than the\nspecified ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"require_weight_at_most"),", the execution of the call fails."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"The ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"call")," field is of type ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"DoubleEncoded"),"."),(0,i.kt)("pre",null,(0,i.kt)("code",{parentName:"pre",className:"language-rust"},"pub struct DoubleEncoded {\n encoded: Vec,\n #[codec(skip)]\n decoded: Option,\n}\n")),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"XCM is consensus system agnostic; it does not know what is being encoded in the call field. Hence,\nthe field is a byte vector that can be freely interpreted in whatever form possible. However, the\nXCVM does not inherently know how to interpret this call field nor how to decode it; it is reliant\non the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"T")," type parameter to specify the proper codec for the byte vector. Instead of just using a\n",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Vec")," we use ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"DoubleEncoded")," as a wrapper around a pre-encoded call (",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Vec"),") with extra\nfunctionalities such as caching of the decoded value. We like to emphasize that the call in the\n",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Transact")," instruction can be anything from a ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"RuntimeCall")," in a FRAME-based system, to a smart\ncontract function call in an EVM-based system."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"Each XCVM has a Transact Status Register, to record the execution result of the call that is\ndispatched by the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Transact")," instruction. ",(0,i.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"Important note:")," The execution of the XCM instruction\ndoes ",(0,i.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"not")," error when the dispatched call errors."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"The status is described by the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"MaybeErrorCode")," enum, and can either be a Success, Error or\nTruncatedError if the length of the error exceeds the MaxDispatchErrorLen. For pallet-based calls,\nthe Error is represented as the scale encoded ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Error")," enum of the called pallet."),(0,i.kt)("pre",null,(0,i.kt)("code",{parentName:"pre",className:"language-rust"},"ExpectTransactStatus(MaybeErrorCode)\n\npub enum MaybeErrorCode {\n Success,\n Error(BoundedVec),\n TruncatedError(BoundedVec),\n}\n")),(0,i.kt)("h2",{id:"xcm-executor"},"XCM Executor"),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"In this section, we quickly look at how the XCM executor executes the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Transact")," instruction."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"It executes, among other things, the following steps:"),(0,i.kt)("ol",null,(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Decode the call field into the actual call that we want to dispatch."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Check with the ",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"/docs/learn/xcm/config-deep-dive#safecallfilter"},"SafeCallFilter")," on whether the\nexecution of this call is allowed."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Use the ",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"/docs/learn/xcm/config-deep-dive#originconverter"},"OriginConverter")," to convert the\n",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"MultiLocation")," origin into a ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"RuntimeOrigin"),"."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Check whether the call weight does not exceed ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"require_weight_at_most"),"."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Dispatch the call with the converted origin and set the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"transact_status")," register to be the\nresult of the dispatch."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Calculate the weight that was actually used during the dispatch.")),(0,i.kt)("h2",{id:"example-1"},"Example 1"),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"For the full example, check ",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"https://github.com/paritytech/xcm-docs/tree/main/examples"},"the repo"),"."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"In this example, the relay chain executes the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"set_balance")," function of ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"pallet_balances")," on\n",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Parachain(1)"),". This function requires the origin to be root. We enable the root origin for the\nrelay chain by setting ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"ParentAsSuperuser")," for the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"OriginConverter")," config type."),(0,i.kt)("pre",null,(0,i.kt)("code",{parentName:"pre",className:"language-rust"},"let call = parachain::RuntimeCall::Balances(\n pallet_balances::Call::::set_balance {\n who: ALICE,\n new_free: 5 * AMOUNT,\n new_reserved: 0,\n },\n);\n\nlet message = Xcm(vec![\n WithdrawAsset((Here, AMOUNT).into()),\n BuyExecution { fees: (Here, AMOUNT).into(), weight_limit: WeightLimit::Unlimited },\n Transact {\n origin_kind: OriginKind::Superuser,\n require_weight_at_most: Weight::from_parts(INITIAL_BALANCE as u64, 1024 * 1024),\n call: call.encode().into(),\n },\n]);\n")),(0,i.kt)("h2",{id:"example-2"},"Example 2"),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"For the full example, check ",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"https://github.com/paritytech/xcm-docs/tree/main/examples"},"the repo"),"."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"In this example, as Parachain(1), we create an NFT collection on the relay chain and we then mint an\nNFT with ID 1. The admin for the nft collection is parachain(1). The call looks as follows:"),(0,i.kt)("pre",null,(0,i.kt)("code",{parentName:"pre",className:"language-rust"},"let create_collection = relay_chain::RuntimeCall::Uniques(\n pallet_uniques::Call::::create {\n collection: 1u32,\n admin: parachain_sovereign_account_id(1),\n }\n);\n")),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"The owner of the NFT is Alice. The nft mint call looks as follows:"),(0,i.kt)("pre",null,(0,i.kt)("code",{parentName:"pre",className:"language-rust"},"let mint = relay_chain::RuntimeCall::Uniques(\n pallet_uniques::Call::::mint {\n collection: 1u32,\n item: 1u32,\n owner: ALICE,\n }\n);\n")),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"The xcm message contains the following instructions:"),(0,i.kt)("ol",null,(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Withdraw native assets from the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"Parachain(1)"),"'s sovereign account."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Buy weight with these assets."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Create a collection with as admin and owner the sovereign account of ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"Parachain(1)"),"."),(0,i.kt)("li",{parentName:"ol"},"Mints an NFT in the collection with item ID 1 and as owner Alice.")),(0,i.kt)("pre",null,(0,i.kt)("code",{parentName:"pre",className:"language-rust"},"let message = Xcm(vec![\n WithdrawAsset((Here, AMOUNT).into()),\n BuyExecution { fees: (Here, AMOUNT).into(), weight_limit: WeightLimit::Unlimited },\n Transact {\n origin_kind: OriginKind::SovereignAccount,\n require_weight_at_most: Weight::from_parts(INITIAL_BALANCE as u64, 1024 * 1024),\n call: create_collection.encode().into(),\n },\n Transact {\n origin_kind: OriginKind::SovereignAccount,\n require_weight_at_most: Weight::from_parts(INITIAL_BALANCE as u64, 1024 * 1024),\n call: mint.encode().into(),\n },\n]);\n")),(0,i.kt)("h2",{id:"next"},"Next:"),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"Check out the following instructions that interact with the Transact Status 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Polkadot.",source:"@site/../docs/learn/learn-proxies.md",sourceDirName:"learn",slug:"/learn-proxies",permalink:"/docs/learn-proxies",draft:!1,editUrl:"https://github.com/w3f/polkadot-wiki/edit/master/docs/learn/learn-proxies.md",tags:[],version:"current",lastUpdatedBy:"Filippo",lastUpdatedAt:1701187212,formattedLastUpdatedAt:"Nov 28, 2023",frontMatter:{id:"learn-proxies",title:"Proxy Accounts",sidebar_label:"Proxy Accounts",description:"Proxy Accounts on Polkadot.",keywords:["proxy","proxies","proxy accounts","proxy types","staking proxy"],slug:"../learn-proxies"},sidebar:"docs",previous:{title:"Multi-Signature Accounts",permalink:"/docs/learn-account-multisig"},next:{title:"Pure Proxy Accounts",permalink:"/docs/learn-proxies-pure"}},u={},d=[{value:"Proxy Types",id:"proxy-types",level:2},{value:"Proxy Deposits",id:"proxy-deposits",level:2},{value:"Time-delayed Proxy",id:"time-delayed-proxy",level:2}],h={toc:d},m="wrapper";function y(e){var t=e.components,l=(0,o.Z)(e,s);return(0,r.kt)(m,(0,a.Z)({},h,l,{components:t,mdxType:"MDXLayout"}),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Proxies are helpful because they let you delegate efficiently and add a layer of security. Rather\nthan using funds in a single account, smaller accounts with unique roles can complete tasks on\nbehalf of the main stash account. Proxies can be ",(0,r.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"hotter")," than the initial account, which can be\nkept cold, but the ",(0,r.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"weight")," of the tokens in the colder account can be used by the hotter accounts.\nThis increases the security of your accounts by minimizing the number of transactions the cold\naccount has to make. This also drives attention away from the stash account, although it is possible\nto determine the relationship between the proxy and the proxied account."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"From the security perspective, we can imagine proxies as bodyguards of a VIP, loyal and ready to\nrisk their lives to ensure the VIP's protection. But proxies are also useful in other contexts such\nas efficient account management at the corporate level. They also provide an elegant solution to\nchange signatories within multi-signature accounts, and they can be used within proxy calls and\nnested proxy calls. In this page we will explore all these interesting use cases of proxies within\nthe Polkadot ecosystem."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Shown below is an example of how you might use these accounts. Imagine you have one stash account as\nyour primary token-holding account and don't want to access it very often, but you want to\nparticipate in staking to earn staking rewards. You could set one of your existing accounts as a\nstaking proxy for that stash account, and use your staking proxy to sign all staking-related\ntransactions."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,(0,r.kt)("img",{alt:"proxies",src:n(56789).Z,width:"1920",height:"800"})),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Having a staking proxy will make the stash account isolated within the staking context. In other\nwords, the account assigned as a staking proxy can participate in staking on behalf of that stash.\nWithout the proxy you will need to sign all the staking-related transactions with the stash. If the\nproxy is compromised, it doesn't have access to transfer-related transactions, so the stash account\ncould just set a new proxy to replace it. You can also monitor proxies by\n",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"#time-delayed-proxy"},"setting a time-delay"),"."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Creating multiple proxy accounts that act for a single account, lets you come up with more granular\nsecurity practices around how you protect private keys while still being able to actively\nparticipate in the network."),(0,r.kt)("admonition",{type:"info"},(0,r.kt)("p",{parentName:"admonition"},"The ",(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"p"},"maximum number of proxies")," allowed for a single account is\n",(0,r.kt)(i.Z,{network:"polkadot",path:"consts.proxy.maxProxies",defaultValue:32,mdxType:"RPC"}),".\n"," You\ncan have the same proxy for multiple accounts.")),(0,r.kt)("h2",{id:"proxy-types"},"Proxy Types"),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"When a proxy account makes a transaction,\nPolkadot filters the desired transaction to\nensure that the proxy account has the appropriate permission to make that transaction on behalf of\nthe proxied account. For example, staking proxies have permission to do only staking-related\ntransactions."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"When you set a proxy, you must choose a type of proxy for the relationship.\nPolkadot offers:"),(0,r.kt)("ul",null,(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Any"),": allow any transaction, including balance transfers. In most cases, this should be avoided\nas the proxy account is used more frequently than the cold account and is therefore less secure."),(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Non-transfer"),": allow any type of transaction except\n",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"/docs/learn-balance-transfers"},"balance transfers")," (including ",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"/docs/learn-DOT/#vesting"},"vested"),"\ntransfers). Hence, this proxy does not have permission to access calls in the Balances and XCM\npallet."),(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Governance"),": allow to make transactions related to governance."),(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Nomination pool"),": allow transactions pertaining to\n",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"/docs/learn-nomination-pools"},"Nomination Pools"),"."),(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Staking"),": allow all staking-related transactions. The stash account is meant to stay in cold\nstorage, while the staking proxy account makes day-to-day transactions like setting session keys\nor deciding which validators to nominate. Visit the\n",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"/docs/learn-staking-advanced/#staking-proxies"},"Advanced Staking Concepts page")," for more detailed\ninformation about staking proxies."),(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Identity Judgement"),": allow registrars to make judgments on an account's identity. If you are\nunfamiliar with judgment and identities on chain, please refer to\n",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"/docs/learn-identity#judgements"},"this page"),". This proxy can only access ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"provide_judgement")," call\nfrom the Identity pallet along with the calls from the Utility pallet."),(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Cancel"),": allow to reject and remove any time-delay proxy announcements. This proxy can only\naccess ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"reject_announcement")," call from the Proxy pallet."),(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Auction"),": allow transactions pertaining to parachain auctions and crowdloans. The Auction proxy\naccount can sign those transactions on behalf of an account in cold storage. If you already set up\na Non-transfer proxy account, it can do everything an Auction proxy can do. Before participating\nin a crowdloan using an Auction proxy, it is recommended that you check with the respective\nparachain team for any possible issues pertaining to the crowdloan rewards distribution. Auction\nproxy can access Auctions, Crowdloan, Registrar and Slots pallets.")),(0,r.kt)("h2",{id:"proxy-deposits"},"Proxy Deposits"),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Proxies require deposits in the native currency to be created. The deposit is required because\nadding a proxy requires some storage space on-chain, which must be replicated across every peer in\nthe network. Due to the costly nature of this, these functions could open up the network to a\nDenial-of-Service attack. To defend against this attack, proxies require a deposit to be reserved\nwhile the storage space is consumed over the lifetime of the proxy. When the proxy is removed, so is\nthe storage space, and therefore the deposit is returned."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"The required deposit amount for ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"n")," proxies is equal to:"),(0,r.kt)("p",null,(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"ProxyDepositBase")," + ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"ProxyDepositFactor")," ","*"," ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"n")),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"where the ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"ProxyDepositBase")," is the required amount to be reserved for an account to have a proxy\nlist (creates one new item in storage). For every proxy the account has, an additional amount\ndefined by the ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"ProxyDepositFactor")," is reserved as well (appends 33 bytes to storage location). The\n",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"ProxyDepositBase")," is\n",(0,r.kt)(i.Z,{network:"polkadot",path:"consts.proxy.proxyDepositBase",defaultValue:20008e7,filter:"humanReadable",mdxType:"RPC"}),"\n","\nand the ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"ProxyDepositFactor")," is\n",(0,r.kt)(i.Z,{network:"polkadot",path:"consts.proxy.proxyDepositFactor",defaultValue:33e7,filter:"humanReadable",mdxType:"RPC"}),".\n",""),(0,r.kt)("h2",{id:"time-delayed-proxy"},"Time-delayed Proxy"),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"We can add a layer of security to proxies by giving them a delay time. The delay will be quantified\nin blocks. Polkadot has approximately 6\nseconds of block time. A delay value of 10 will mean ten blocks, which equals about one minute\ndelay."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"The proxy will announce its intended action and will wait for the number of blocks defined in the\ndelay time before executing it. Within this time window, the intended action may be canceled by\naccounts that control the proxy."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Announcing ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"n")," calls using a time-delayed proxy also requires a deposit of the form:"),(0,r.kt)("p",null,(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"announcementDepositBase")," + ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"announcementDepositFactor")," ","*"," ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"n")),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"where the ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"announcementDepositBase")," is the required amount to be reserved for an account to announce\na proxy call. For every proxy call the account has, an additional amount defined by the\n",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"announcementDepositFactor")," is reserved as well. 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t="polkadot",n="kusama",a="statemine",o="statemint",r={polkadot:{precision:1e10,symbol:"DOT"},kusama:{precision:1e12,symbol:"KSM"},statemint:{precision:1e10,symbol:"DOT"},statemine:{precision:1e12,symbol:"KSM"}};e.exports={HumanReadable:function(e,i,s){var l=void 0;if(i===t||i===o)l=3;else{if(i!==n&&i!==a)return void console.log("Unknown network type found when attempting to apply 'Human Readable' filter");l=6}e=parseFloat(e),s((e=Number.isInteger(e/r[i].precision)?e/r[i].precision+" "+r[i].symbol:(e/r[i].precision).toFixed(l)+" "+r[i].symbol).toString())},Precise:function(e,t,n){n(e=(e=parseFloat(e))/r[t].precision+" "+r[t].symbol)},BlocksToDays:function(e,t){t((e=6*e/86400).toString())},ErasToDays:function(e,r,i){var s=void 0;if(i===t||i===o)s=1;else{if(i!==n&&i!==a)return void console.log("Unknown network type found when attempting to apply 'Human Readable' filter");s=4}r((e/=s).toString())},Percentage:function(e,t){t((e/=1e7).toString())},PermillToPercent:function(e,t){t((e/=1e4).toString())},ArrayLength:function(e,t){t((e=e.split(",").length).toString())}}},83433:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.r(t),n.d(t,{assets:()=>u,contentTitle:()=>c,default:()=>y,frontMatter:()=>l,metadata:()=>p,toc:()=>d});var a=n(87462),o=n(63366),r=(n(67294),n(3905)),i=n(47940),s=["components"],l={id:"learn-proxies",title:"Proxy Accounts",sidebar_label:"Proxy Accounts",description:"Proxy Accounts on Polkadot.",keywords:["proxy","proxies","proxy accounts","proxy types","staking proxy"],slug:"../learn-proxies"},c=void 0,p={unversionedId:"learn/learn-proxies",id:"learn/learn-proxies",title:"Proxy Accounts",description:"Proxy Accounts on Polkadot.",source:"@site/../docs/learn/learn-proxies.md",sourceDirName:"learn",slug:"/learn-proxies",permalink:"/docs/learn-proxies",draft:!1,editUrl:"https://github.com/w3f/polkadot-wiki/edit/master/docs/learn/learn-proxies.md",tags:[],version:"current",lastUpdatedBy:"Filippo",lastUpdatedAt:1701287159,formattedLastUpdatedAt:"Nov 29, 2023",frontMatter:{id:"learn-proxies",title:"Proxy Accounts",sidebar_label:"Proxy Accounts",description:"Proxy Accounts on Polkadot.",keywords:["proxy","proxies","proxy accounts","proxy types","staking proxy"],slug:"../learn-proxies"},sidebar:"docs",previous:{title:"Multi-Signature Accounts",permalink:"/docs/learn-account-multisig"},next:{title:"Pure Proxy Accounts",permalink:"/docs/learn-proxies-pure"}},u={},d=[{value:"Proxy Types",id:"proxy-types",level:2},{value:"Proxy Deposits",id:"proxy-deposits",level:2},{value:"Time-delayed Proxy",id:"time-delayed-proxy",level:2}],h={toc:d},m="wrapper";function y(e){var t=e.components,l=(0,o.Z)(e,s);return(0,r.kt)(m,(0,a.Z)({},h,l,{components:t,mdxType:"MDXLayout"}),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Proxies are helpful because they let you delegate efficiently and add a layer of security. Rather\nthan using funds in a single account, smaller accounts with unique roles can complete tasks on\nbehalf of the main stash account. Proxies can be ",(0,r.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"hotter")," than the initial account, which can be\nkept cold, but the ",(0,r.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"weight")," of the tokens in the colder account can be used by the hotter accounts.\nThis increases the security of your accounts by minimizing the number of transactions the cold\naccount has to make. This also drives attention away from the stash account, although it is possible\nto determine the relationship between the proxy and the proxied account."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"From the security perspective, we can imagine proxies as bodyguards of a VIP, loyal and ready to\nrisk their lives to ensure the VIP's protection. But proxies are also useful in other contexts such\nas efficient account management at the corporate level. They also provide an elegant solution to\nchange signatories within multi-signature accounts, and they can be used within proxy calls and\nnested proxy calls. In this page we will explore all these interesting use cases of proxies within\nthe Polkadot ecosystem."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Shown below is an example of how you might use these accounts. Imagine you have one stash account as\nyour primary token-holding account and don't want to access it very often, but you want to\nparticipate in staking to earn staking rewards. You could set one of your existing accounts as a\nstaking proxy for that stash account, and use your staking proxy to sign all staking-related\ntransactions."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,(0,r.kt)("img",{alt:"proxies",src:n(56789).Z,width:"1920",height:"800"})),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Having a staking proxy will make the stash account isolated within the staking context. In other\nwords, the account assigned as a staking proxy can participate in staking on behalf of that stash.\nWithout the proxy you will need to sign all the staking-related transactions with the stash. If the\nproxy is compromised, it doesn't have access to transfer-related transactions, so the stash account\ncould just set a new proxy to replace it. You can also monitor proxies by\n",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"#time-delayed-proxy"},"setting a time-delay"),"."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Creating multiple proxy accounts that act for a single account, lets you come up with more granular\nsecurity practices around how you protect private keys while still being able to actively\nparticipate in the network."),(0,r.kt)("admonition",{type:"info"},(0,r.kt)("p",{parentName:"admonition"},"The ",(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"p"},"maximum number of proxies")," allowed for a single account is\n",(0,r.kt)(i.Z,{network:"polkadot",path:"consts.proxy.maxProxies",defaultValue:32,mdxType:"RPC"}),".\n"," You\ncan have the same proxy for multiple accounts.")),(0,r.kt)("h2",{id:"proxy-types"},"Proxy Types"),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"When a proxy account makes a transaction,\nPolkadot filters the desired transaction to\nensure that the proxy account has the appropriate permission to make that transaction on behalf of\nthe proxied account. For example, staking proxies have permission to do only staking-related\ntransactions."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"When you set a proxy, you must choose a type of proxy for the relationship.\nPolkadot offers:"),(0,r.kt)("ul",null,(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Any"),": allow any transaction, including balance transfers. In most cases, this should be avoided\nas the proxy account is used more frequently than the cold account and is therefore less secure."),(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Non-transfer"),": allow any type of transaction except\n",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"/docs/learn-balance-transfers"},"balance transfers")," (including ",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"/docs/learn-DOT/#vesting"},"vested"),"\ntransfers). Hence, this proxy does not have permission to access calls in the Balances and XCM\npallet."),(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Governance"),": allow to make transactions related to governance."),(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Nomination pool"),": allow transactions pertaining to\n",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"/docs/learn-nomination-pools"},"Nomination Pools"),"."),(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Staking"),": allow all staking-related transactions. The stash account is meant to stay in cold\nstorage, while the staking proxy account makes day-to-day transactions like setting session keys\nor deciding which validators to nominate. Visit the\n",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"/docs/learn-staking-advanced/#staking-proxies"},"Advanced Staking Concepts page")," for more detailed\ninformation about staking proxies."),(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Identity Judgement"),": allow registrars to make judgments on an account's identity. If you are\nunfamiliar with judgment and identities on chain, please refer to\n",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"li",href:"/docs/learn-identity#judgements"},"this page"),". This proxy can only access ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"provide_judgement")," call\nfrom the Identity pallet along with the calls from the Utility pallet."),(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Cancel"),": allow to reject and remove any time-delay proxy announcements. This proxy can only\naccess ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"li"},"reject_announcement")," call from the Proxy pallet."),(0,r.kt)("li",{parentName:"ul"},(0,r.kt)("strong",{parentName:"li"},"Auction"),": allow transactions pertaining to parachain auctions and crowdloans. The Auction proxy\naccount can sign those transactions on behalf of an account in cold storage. If you already set up\na Non-transfer proxy account, it can do everything an Auction proxy can do. Before participating\nin a crowdloan using an Auction proxy, it is recommended that you check with the respective\nparachain team for any possible issues pertaining to the crowdloan rewards distribution. Auction\nproxy can access Auctions, Crowdloan, Registrar and Slots pallets.")),(0,r.kt)("h2",{id:"proxy-deposits"},"Proxy Deposits"),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Proxies require deposits in the native currency to be created. The deposit is required because\nadding a proxy requires some storage space on-chain, which must be replicated across every peer in\nthe network. Due to the costly nature of this, these functions could open up the network to a\nDenial-of-Service attack. To defend against this attack, proxies require a deposit to be reserved\nwhile the storage space is consumed over the lifetime of the proxy. When the proxy is removed, so is\nthe storage space, and therefore the deposit is returned."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"The required deposit amount for ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"n")," proxies is equal to:"),(0,r.kt)("p",null,(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"ProxyDepositBase")," + ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"ProxyDepositFactor")," ","*"," ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"n")),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"where the ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"ProxyDepositBase")," is the required amount to be reserved for an account to have a proxy\nlist (creates one new item in storage). For every proxy the account has, an additional amount\ndefined by the ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"ProxyDepositFactor")," is reserved as well (appends 33 bytes to storage location). The\n",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"ProxyDepositBase")," is\n",(0,r.kt)(i.Z,{network:"polkadot",path:"consts.proxy.proxyDepositBase",defaultValue:20008e7,filter:"humanReadable",mdxType:"RPC"}),"\n","\nand the ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"ProxyDepositFactor")," is\n",(0,r.kt)(i.Z,{network:"polkadot",path:"consts.proxy.proxyDepositFactor",defaultValue:33e7,filter:"humanReadable",mdxType:"RPC"}),".\n",""),(0,r.kt)("h2",{id:"time-delayed-proxy"},"Time-delayed Proxy"),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"We can add a layer of security to proxies by giving them a delay time. The delay will be quantified\nin blocks. Polkadot has approximately 6\nseconds of block time. A delay value of 10 will mean ten blocks, which equals about one minute\ndelay."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"The proxy will announce its intended action and will wait for the number of blocks defined in the\ndelay time before executing it. Within this time window, the intended action may be canceled by\naccounts that control the proxy."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Announcing ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"n")," calls using a time-delayed proxy also requires a deposit of the form:"),(0,r.kt)("p",null,(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"announcementDepositBase")," + ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"announcementDepositFactor")," ","*"," ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"n")),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"where the ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"announcementDepositBase")," is the required amount to be reserved for an account to announce\na proxy call. For every proxy call the account has, an additional amount defined by the\n",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"announcementDepositFactor")," is reserved as well. The ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"announcementDepositBase")," is\n",(0,r.kt)(i.Z,{network:"polkadot",path:"consts.proxy.announcementDepositBase",defaultValue:20008e7,filter:"humanReadable",mdxType:"RPC"}),"\n","\nand the ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"announcementDepositFactor")," is\n",(0,r.kt)(i.Z,{network:"polkadot",path:"consts.proxy.announcementDepositFactor",defaultValue:66e7,filter:"humanReadable",mdxType:"RPC"}),".\n",""),(0,r.kt)("hr",null),(0,r.kt)("admonition",{title:"Polkadot-JS Guides",type:"info"},(0,r.kt)("p",{parentName:"admonition"},"If you are an advanced user, see the\n",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"/docs/learn-guides-accounts-proxy"},"Polkadot-JS guides about proxy accounts"),". You can find\ninformation about creating and removing proxies, and more.")))}y.isMDXComponent=!0},56789:(e,t,n)=>{"use strict";n.d(t,{Z:()=>a});const a=n.p+"assets/images/stash-vs-stash-and-staking-proxy-2104e1a23d5c29821cec15fb9b67eba5.png"},46601:()=>{}}]); \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/assets/js/fa343ad1.b3589c09.js b/assets/js/fa343ad1.b3589c09.js new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..43ca8f55355b --- /dev/null +++ b/assets/js/fa343ad1.b3589c09.js @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +"use strict";(self.webpackChunk=self.webpackChunk||[]).push([[1678],{3905:(e,t,n)=>{n.d(t,{Zo:()=>u,kt:()=>m});var a=n(67294);function i(e,t,n){return t in e?Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:n,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}):e[t]=n,e}function r(e,t){var n=Object.keys(e);if(Object.getOwnPropertySymbols){var a=Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(e);t&&(a=a.filter((function(t){return Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(e,t).enumerable}))),n.push.apply(n,a)}return n}function o(e){for(var t=1;t=0||(i[n]=e[n]);return i}(e,t);if(Object.getOwnPropertySymbols){var r=Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(e);for(a=0;a=0||Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable.call(e,n)&&(i[n]=e[n])}return i}var c=a.createContext({}),l=function(e){var t=a.useContext(c),n=t;return e&&(n="function"==typeof e?e(t):o(o({},t),e)),n},u=function(e){var t=l(e.components);return a.createElement(c.Provider,{value:t},e.children)},h="mdxType",p={inlineCode:"code",wrapper:function(e){var t=e.children;return a.createElement(a.Fragment,{},t)}},d=a.forwardRef((function(e,t){var n=e.components,i=e.mdxType,r=e.originalType,c=e.parentName,u=s(e,["components","mdxType","originalType","parentName"]),h=l(n),d=i,m=h["".concat(c,".").concat(d)]||h[d]||p[d]||r;return n?a.createElement(m,o(o({ref:t},u),{},{components:n})):a.createElement(m,o({ref:t},u))}));function m(e,t){var n=arguments,i=t&&t.mdxType;if("string"==typeof e||i){var r=n.length,o=new Array(r);o[0]=d;var s={};for(var c in t)hasOwnProperty.call(t,c)&&(s[c]=t[c]);s.originalType=e,s[h]="string"==typeof e?e:i,o[1]=s;for(var l=2;l{n.r(t),n.d(t,{assets:()=>u,contentTitle:()=>c,default:()=>m,frontMatter:()=>s,metadata:()=>l,toc:()=>h});var a=n(87462),i=n(63366),r=(n(67294),n(3905)),o=["components"],s={id:"learn-xcm-docs-fundamentals-fees",title:"Weight and Fees",sidebar_label:"Weight and Fees",description:"Weight and Fees in XCM.",keywords:["xcm","cross-consensus messaging","weight","fees"],slug:"../fundamentals-fees"},c="Weight and fees",l={unversionedId:"learn/xcm/fundamentals/learn-xcm-docs-fundamentals-fees",id:"learn/xcm/fundamentals/learn-xcm-docs-fundamentals-fees",title:"Weight and Fees",description:"Weight and Fees in XCM.",source:"@site/../docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/weight_and_fees.md",sourceDirName:"learn/xcm/fundamentals",slug:"/learn/xcm/fundamentals-fees",permalink:"/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-fees",draft:!1,editUrl:"https://github.com/w3f/polkadot-wiki/edit/master/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/weight_and_fees.md",tags:[],version:"current",lastUpdatedBy:"Filippo",lastUpdatedAt:1701272500,formattedLastUpdatedAt:"Nov 29, 2023",frontMatter:{id:"learn-xcm-docs-fundamentals-fees",title:"Weight and Fees",sidebar_label:"Weight and Fees",description:"Weight and Fees in XCM.",keywords:["xcm","cross-consensus messaging","weight","fees"],slug:"../fundamentals-fees"},sidebar:"docs",previous:{title:"XCVM",permalink:"/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-xcvm"},next:{title:"A Journey through XCM",permalink:"/docs/learn/xcm/journey"}},u={},h=[{value:"Executor config",id:"executor-config",level:2},{value:"XCM pallet",id:"xcm-pallet",level:2}],p={toc:h},d="wrapper";function m(e){var t=e.components,n=(0,i.Z)(e,o);return(0,r.kt)(d,(0,a.Z)({},p,n,{components:t,mdxType:"MDXLayout"}),(0,r.kt)("h1",{id:"weight-and-fees"},"Weight and fees"),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"The resources available to a blockchain are limited, so it's important to manage how operations\non-chain use them. Not managing how resources are used can open an attack vector, known as DoS\n(Denial of Service), where an attacker floods the chain with operations in order to get it to stop\nproducing blocks. In order to manage how resources are used and to protect against DoS attacks, XCM\nuses a concept of ",(0,r.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"weight"),". This concept, which has the purpose of quantifying usage of blockchain\nresources, comes from the ",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"https://docs.substrate.io/build/tx-weights-fees/"},"Substrate")," world."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Weight is two-dimensional, it tracks both time (execution time) and space (state accesses). Weight\ndetermines how much fees need to be paid in order to perform some operation. The logic for turning\nit into fees is configurable."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Some systems have the concept of ",(0,r.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"gas metering"),", which is calculated during execution and only\nmeasures execution time. Weight, however, is static, defined beforehand, which makes XCM execution\nlighter by not including gas metering."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"The principle behind weight payment is to pay for what you use, so the two stages of XCM where fees\nare paid are ",(0,r.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"sending")," the message and actually ",(0,r.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"executing")," it. The fees for sending are paid on the\nlocal system, usually by the origin of the message, because we are using the message delivery\nmechanism maintained by the origin. Similarly, the execution fees are paid on the destination\nsystem, via the ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"BuyExecution")," instruction. In other words, XCMs are paid for via their own\ninstructions. We'll talk more about ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"BuyExecution")," in the\n",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"../journey/fees/index.html"},"fee handling chapter"),"."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"XCM is agnostic, which means it doesn't assume fees need to be paid. It's entirely possible to not\npay for the effects of an XCM on the destination system. Even in systems where fees have to be paid,\nspecial cases of free execution can be made. There are security measures systems can put in place\n(see ",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"/docs/learn/xcm/config-deep-dive#barrier"},"barrier"),") to not execute XCMs that do not pay for their\nfees."),(0,r.kt)("h2",{id:"executor-config"},"Executor config"),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"The executor has a ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Weigher")," ",(0,r.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"/docs/learn/xcm/config-deep-dive#weigher"},"configuration item")," that\nspecifies the weight of each instruction. It weighs the whole message by adding the weight of each\ninstruction. A simple way of weighing instructions is to assign them a base weight value to all of\nthem. This works, but it is not very accurate, as different instructions use more resources when\nbeing executed. A better approach is to benchmark each instruction to find out the actual weight\nused by each."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Another configuration item, ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Trader"),", converts the required weight units into fees, which are\nrepresented as ",(0,r.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"MultiAsset"),"s. There are two basic approaches: one is to just assign a value\n(measured in assets) to each unit of weight; the other is to reuse some existing transaction payment\nmethod for XCM weight. Custom configurations allow for things like NFT coupons that give you a\ncertain amount of weight for executing the XCM."),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"Naturally, this configuration items allow for any approach you can think of for weighing messages\nand charging execution fees."),(0,r.kt)("h2",{id:"xcm-pallet"},"XCM pallet"),(0,r.kt)("p",null,"FRAME pallets, like the XCM pallet, specify weights for each extrinsic they expose. 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Not managing how resources are used can open an attack vector, known as DoS\n(Denial of Service), where an attacker floods the chain with operations in order to get it to stop\nproducing blocks. In order to manage how resources are used and to protect against DoS attacks, XCM\nuses a concept of ",(0,i.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"weight"),". This concept, which has the purpose of quantifying usage of blockchain\nresources, comes from the ",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"https://docs.substrate.io/build/tx-weights-fees/"},"Substrate")," world."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"Weight is two-dimensional, it tracks both time (execution time) and space (state accesses). Weight\ndetermines how much fees need to be paid in order to perform some operation. The logic for turning\nit into fees is configurable."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"Some systems have the concept of ",(0,i.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"gas metering"),", which is calculated during execution and only\nmeasures execution time. Weight, however, is static, defined beforehand, which makes XCM execution\nlighter by not including gas metering."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"The principle behind weight payment is to pay for what you use, so the two stages of XCM where fees\nare paid are ",(0,i.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"sending")," the message and actually ",(0,i.kt)("em",{parentName:"p"},"executing")," it. The fees for sending are paid on the\nlocal system, usually by the origin of the message, because we are using the message delivery\nmechanism maintained by the origin. Similarly, the execution fees are paid on the destination\nsystem, via the ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"BuyExecution")," instruction. In other words, XCMs are paid for via their own\ninstructions. We'll talk more about ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"BuyExecution")," in the\n",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"../journey/fees/index.html"},"fee handling chapter"),"."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"XCM is agnostic, which means it doesn't assume fees need to be paid. It's entirely possible to not\npay for the effects of an XCM on the destination system. Even in systems where fees have to be paid,\nspecial cases of free execution can be made. There are security measures systems can put in place\n(see ",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"../executor_config/index.html#barrier"},"barrier"),") to not execute XCMs that do not pay for their\nfees."),(0,i.kt)("h2",{id:"executor-config"},"Executor config"),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"The executor has a ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Weigher")," ",(0,i.kt)("a",{parentName:"p",href:"../executor_config/index.html#weigher"},"configuration item")," that\nspecifies the weight of each instruction. It weighs the whole message by adding the weight of each\ninstruction. A simple way of weighing instructions is to assign them a base weight value to all of\nthem. This works, but it is not very accurate, as different instructions use more resources when\nbeing executed. A better approach is to benchmark each instruction to find out the actual weight\nused by each."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"Another configuration item, ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"Trader"),", converts the required weight units into fees, which are\nrepresented as ",(0,i.kt)("inlineCode",{parentName:"p"},"MultiAsset"),"s. There are two basic approaches: one is to just assign a value\n(measured in assets) to each unit of weight; the other is to reuse some existing transaction payment\nmethod for XCM weight. Custom configurations allow for things like NFT coupons that give you a\ncertain amount of weight for executing the XCM."),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"Naturally, this configuration items allow for any approach you can think of for weighing messages\nand charging execution fees."),(0,i.kt)("h2",{id:"xcm-pallet"},"XCM pallet"),(0,i.kt)("p",null,"FRAME pallets, like the XCM pallet, specify weights for each extrinsic they expose. 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e={1303:0,532:0};r.f.j=(d,f)=>{var b=r.o(e,d)?e[d]:void 0;if(0!==b)if(b)f.push(b[2]);else if(/^(1303|532)$/.test(d))e[d]=0;else{var a=new Promise(((f,a)=>b=e[d]=[f,a]));f.push(b[2]=a);var c=r.p+r.u(d),t=new Error;r.l(c,(f=>{if(r.o(e,d)&&(0!==(b=e[d])&&(e[d]=void 0),b)){var a=f&&("load"===f.type?"missing":f.type),c=f&&f.target&&f.target.src;t.message="Loading chunk "+d+" failed.\n("+a+": "+c+")",t.name="ChunkLoadError",t.type=a,t.request=c,b[1](t)}}),"chunk-"+d,d)}},r.O.j=d=>0===e[d];var d=(d,f)=>{var b,a,[c,t,o]=f,n=0;if(c.some((d=>0!==e[d]))){for(b in t)r.o(t,b)&&(r.m[b]=t[b]);if(o)var i=o(r)}for(d&&d(f);n - + @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ communication channels of core team members, and gain access to Polkadot events.

There are many ways you can get involved in expanding Polkadot’s ecosystem, such as:

  • Contributing code and documentation related to the ecosystem
  • Speaking about Polkadot at events, workshops, and meetups
  • Writing blog posts
  • Representing Polkadot in your region
  • Mentoring and onboarding newcomers
  • Identifying partnerships and opportunities for the Polkadot ecosystem
  • Participating in calls and tasks that help drive the ecosystem forward

How to apply:​

To become a Polkadot Ambassador, please fill out your application here.

Find out more about the programme and how to join here.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/apps-index.html b/docs/apps-index.html index e5247d9febf2..63359b9bd9be 100644 --- a/docs/apps-index.html +++ b/docs/apps-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

Apps

Explore the different applications in the Polkadot and Kusama ecosystems.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/bug-bounty.html b/docs/bug-bounty.html index 560e00a36064..0125699d6ee9 100644 --- a/docs/bug-bounty.html +++ b/docs/bug-bounty.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ not to be disruptive or harmful to our users or us. Otherwise, your actions might be interpreted as an attack rather than an effort to be helpful.

How to report a bug​

Please follow the instructions at web3.foundation/security-report/.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-client-index.html b/docs/build-client-index.html index 1c7118f35c00..09be4488ef84 100644 --- a/docs/build-client-index.html +++ b/docs/build-client-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

Client-side Development

Learn about different options for building client-side apps on Polkadot.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-dapp.html b/docs/build-dapp.html index 38df615490eb..c526a4d3cc14 100644 --- a/docs/build-dapp.html +++ b/docs/build-dapp.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ see the tooling page for a detailed overview of different SDKs and libraries that are available.

Frameworks & Toolkits​

For front-end applications, several options exist for interfacing with Substrate-based chains (parachains, relay chains, etc.) and smart contracts. These often will interact with the RPC of a Substrate node:

Promise and RxJS APIs around Polkadot and Substrate-based chains via RPC calls. It is dynamically generated based on what the Substrate runtime provides regarding metadata. Full documentation & examples available here.
- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-data.html b/docs/build-data.html index e22771288de6..4f41243efbe5 100644 --- a/docs/build-data.html +++ b/docs/build-data.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ for details on how to access the data.

Polkadot-based Explorers​

As you can imagine, blockchain explorers also offer data analytics through an interface where users can examine common data points.

Some block explorers in the Polkadot ecosystem are listed on the tools page.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-guide.html b/docs/build-guide.html index 4277c9ebb8ac..75a98ec925db 100644 --- a/docs/build-guide.html +++ b/docs/build-guide.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ (parachains, relay chains, etc.) and smart contracts. These often will interact with the RPC of a Substrate node.

Please visit the full documentation for developing dApps and other general client-side development resources.

For a complete list of tools, please take a look here: Tools, APIs, and Languages

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-hackathon.html b/docs/build-hackathon.html index b156fb495816..f657d9b6393c 100644 --- a/docs/build-hackathon.html +++ b/docs/build-hackathon.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ that can be a feature of you hackathon or suggested prerequisite for those joining to use.

Support / Contact​

If you have any questions regarding organizing a hackathon, please free feel to contact us by email or ask us via Element chat.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-hrmp-channels.html b/docs/build-hrmp-channels.html index d80f63308bde..561ef69bfed7 100644 --- a/docs/build-hrmp-channels.html +++ b/docs/build-hrmp-channels.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ encourage the community to vote on this, highlighting the benefits for your chain, use cases enabled with this submission, among other things. After the enactment period is over, both chains will authorize the channel.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-index.html b/docs/build-index.html index 5e96bbc7aa01..ed8064268108 100644 --- a/docs/build-index.html +++ b/docs/build-index.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ are building.

Grants​

  • Grants - Information regarding grants and funding sources available in the Polkadot ecosystem.

PCPs​

Polkadot Contracts Proposals (PCPs) are standards for smart contracts in the Polkadot ecosystem.

Hackathon​

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-integrate-assets.html b/docs/build-integrate-assets.html index d5deaba5c660..ed4df25a1b19 100644 --- a/docs/build-integrate-assets.html +++ b/docs/build-integrate-assets.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ can be claimed).

A great resource to learn more about Error Management in XCM is the Polkadot blog post from Gavin Wood, XCM Part III: Execution and Error Management.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-integration.html b/docs/build-integration.html index 4f9c322dd1dd..6e2c0dd657e2 100644 --- a/docs/build-integration.html +++ b/docs/build-integration.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ transactions. Parity and Web3 Foundation will be able to provide the best support if you use these tools.

If your team would like support, join some of our community channels or contact support@polkadot.network.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-light-clients.html b/docs/build-light-clients.html index 10de5bfe1389..9e5d541228e1 100644 --- a/docs/build-light-clients.html +++ b/docs/build-light-clients.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ end-users to interact with applications connected to multiple blockchains or connect their own blockchains to applications that support it.

note

Substrate Connect will auto-detect whether a user is using the extension. If not, the Wasm light client will be created in-page for them.

Resources​

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-network-index.html b/docs/build-network-index.html index 447c6643d5d3..398884d138fd 100644 --- a/docs/build-network-index.html +++ b/docs/build-network-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

Development Networks & Node Management

Learn how to get started with building parachains, solo-chains, and other aspects of protocol development.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-network-overview.html b/docs/build-network-overview.html index 6a8441e6a07f..4738c6e3912a 100644 --- a/docs/build-network-overview.html +++ b/docs/build-network-overview.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ here.

For other programmatic ways of interacting with these networks (including PolkadotJS), please view the Node Interactions page.

Testnet Faucets​

Almost all tesnets either have a web-based interface for getting test currency or a Matrix room which you can post !drip <ADDRESS>

See here for all available faucets and how to obtain testnet tokens.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-node-interaction.html b/docs/build-node-interaction.html index da2a71360671..e461ca8fc2e8 100644 --- a/docs/build-node-interaction.html +++ b/docs/build-node-interaction.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ block by the block author.

{
   "number":"7409038",
   "hash":"0x0e9610f3c89fac046ef83aa625ad414d5403031faa026b7ab2a918184e389968",
   "parentHash":"0xba308541eb207bc639f36d392706309a031c21622f883fb07411060389c5ffdd",
   "stateRoot":"0x4426383b64a944ad7222a4019aefd558c749da0c6920cfcdfd587741d54abbe2",
   "extrinsicsRoot":"0x74749e5f5aeb610bc23fd6d8d79fd8bbf5e4b6053f70ba94ea6b3cc271df4b3a",
   "authorId":"Fvvz6Ej1D5ZR5ZTK1vE1dCjBvkbxE1VncptEtmFaecXe4PF",
   "logs":[
      {
         "type":"PreRuntime",
         "index":"6",
         "value":[
            "BABE",
            "0x023a0200009c7d191000000000"
         ]
      },
      {
         "type":"Seal",
         "index":"5",
         "value":[
            "BABE",
            "0x2296a50fa4fea3a46a95ad5b1f09de76d22c6ed3dc6755718c976e2d14c63e4dd3c6257813d9bdc03bb180b1e20393f1558ae1204982e5c7570df393e11f908b"
         ]
      }
   ],
   "onInitialize":{
      "events":[

      ]
   },
   "extrinsics":[
      {
         "method":{
            "pallet":"timestamp",
            "method":"set"
         },
         "signature":null,
         "nonce":null,
         "args":{
            "now":"1620636072000"
         },
         "tip":null,
         "hash":"0x8b853f49b6543e4fcbc796ad3574ea5601d2869d80629e080e501da4cb7b74b4",
         "info":{

         },
         "events":[
            {
               "method":{
                  "pallet":"system",
                  "method":"ExtrinsicSuccess"
               },
               "data":[
                  {
                     "weight":"185253000",
                     "class":"Mandatory",
                     "paysFee":"Yes"
                  }
               ]
            }
         ],
         "success":true,
         "paysFee":false
      },
      {
         "method":{
            "pallet":"balances",
            "method":"transfer"
         },
         "signature":{
            "signature":"0x94b63112648e8e692f0076fa1ccab3a04510c269d1392c1df2560503865e144e3afd578f1e37e98063b64b98a77a89a9cdc8ade579dcac0984e78d90646a052001",
            "signer":{
               "id":"Gr5sBB1EgdmQ7FG3Ud2BdECWQTMDXNgGPfdHMMtDsmT4Dj3"
            }
         },
         "nonce":"12",
         "args":{
            "dest":{
               "id":"J6ksma2jVeHRcRoYPZBkJRzRbckys7oSmgvjKLrVbj1U8bE"
            },
            "value":"100000000"
         },
         "tip":"0",
         "hash":"0xfbc5e5de75d64abe5aa3ee9272a3112b3ce53710664f6f2b9416b2ffda8799c2",
         "info":{
            "weight":"201217000",
            "class":"Normal",
            "partialFee":"2583332634"
         },
         "events":[
            {
               "method":{
                  "pallet":"balances",
                  "method":"Transfer"
               },
               "data":[
                  "Gr5sBB1EgdmQ7FG3Ud2BdECWQTMDXNgGPfdHMMtDsmT4Dj3",
                  "J6ksma2jVeHRcRoYPZBkJRzRbckys7oSmgvjKLrVbj1U8bE",
                  "100000000"
               ]
            },
            {
               "method":{
                  "pallet":"balances",
                  "method":"Deposit"
               },
               "data":[
                  "Fvvz6Ej1D5ZR5ZTK1vE1dCjBvkbxE1VncptEtmFaecXe4PF",
                  "2583332634"
               ]
            },
            {
               "method":{
                  "pallet":"system",
                  "method":"ExtrinsicSuccess"
               },
               "data":[
                  {
                     "weight":"201217000",
                     "class":"Normal",
                     "paysFee":"Yes"
                  }
               ]
            }
         ],
         "success":true,
         "paysFee":true
      },
      {
         "method":{
            "pallet":"utility",
            "method":"batch"
         },
         "signature":{
            "signature":"0x8aa2fc3f0cff52533745679523705720cff42d0e7258b9797feed193deb0ca73474726e148af0a0b096d44c07f20e5292819ec92279cffb2897e95cc337e638e",
            "signer":{
               "id":"F4gmSZGiM9pMYPsKW7xnGktDr4zRmN2jqy5Ze678y9YWR7F"
            }
         },
         "nonce":"687",
         "args":{
            "calls":[
               {
                  "method":{
                     "pallet":"staking",
                     "method":"payoutStakers"
                  },
                  "args":{
                     "validator_stash":"Cfish3zJiFnTvR9jscCap7imeA9ep3cH1wZfcZwAp2gdZHo",
                     "era":"2229"
                  }
               },
               {
                  "method":{
                     "pallet":"staking",
                     "method":"payoutStakers"
                  },
                  "args":{
                     "validator_stash":"Cfish3zJiFnTvR9jscCap7imeA9ep3cH1wZfcZwAp2gdZHo",
                     "era":"2230"
                  }
               },
               {
                  "method":{
                     "pallet":"staking",
                     "method":"payoutStakers"
                  },
                  "args":{
                     "validator_stash":"Cfish3zJiFnTvR9jscCap7imeA9ep3cH1wZfcZwAp2gdZHo",
                     "era":"2231"
                  }
               },
               {
                  "method":{
                     "pallet":"staking",
                     "method":"payoutStakers"
                  },
                  "args":{
                     "validator_stash":"DifishR4auphofhzxsy2aupgYo4NaUECH7qgt71CgiB2o6P",
                     "era":"2231"
                  }
               },
               {
                  "method":{
                     "pallet":"staking",
                     "method":"payoutStakers"
                  },
                  "args":{
                     "validator_stash":"J1fishfH94nFZLNScHgC2HorWpFD2xdPxd96wtTCHLvKxfa",
                     "era":"2231"
                  }
               }
            ]
         },
         "tip":"0",
         "hash":"0x69171ec3f4e5e4dfd27f4d1c5b5dbc884932c5d9a078c84495bb7ab875c8785f",
         "info":{
            "weight":"629782467000",
            "class":"Normal",
            "partialFee":"5150837715"
         },
         "events":[
            {
               "method":{
                  "pallet":"staking",
                  "method":"Reward"
               },
               "data":[
                  "Cfish3zJiFnTvR9jscCap7imeA9ep3cH1wZfcZwAp2gdZHo",
                  "40730624074"
               ]
            },
            {
               "method":{
                  "pallet":"staking",
                  "method":"Reward"
               },
               "data":[
                  "FhLcXuFkTwyc3o9K82VBahpain1YHWyGeNMDTTyeDJKfm5b",
                  "4296071738"
               ]
            },
            {
               "method":{
                  "pallet":"staking",
                  "method":"Reward"
               },
               "data":[
                  "F1NyXFUayqmVMdjNK45hcaTCE3JiqdU83sEGhQ3HQXn2Rpq",
                  "1770904403"
               ]
            },

            // ...

            {
               "method":{
                  "pallet":"utility",
                  "method":"BatchCompleted"
               },
               "data":[

               ]
            },
            {
               "method":{
                  "pallet":"balances",
                  "method":"Deposit"
               },
               "data":[
                  "Fvvz6Ej1D5ZR5ZTK1vE1dCjBvkbxE1VncptEtmFaecXe4PF",
                  "5150837715"
               ]
            },
            {
               "method":{
                  "pallet":"system",
                  "method":"ExtrinsicSuccess"
               },
               "data":[
                  {
                     "weight":"629782467000",
                     "class":"Normal",
                     "paysFee":"Yes"
                  }
               ]
            }
         ],
         "success":true,
         "paysFee":true
      }
   ],
   "onFinalize":{
      "events":[

      ]
   },
   "finalized":true
}
The JS number type is a 53 bit precision float

There is no guarantee that the numerical values in the response will have a numerical type. Any numbers larger than 2**53-1 will have a string type.

Submitting a Transaction​

Submit a serialized transaction using the transaction endpoint with an HTTP POST request.

import requests
import json

url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/transaction/'
tx_headers = {'Content-type' : 'application/json', 'Accept' : 'text/plain'}
response = requests.post(
    url,
    data='{"tx": "0xed0...000"}', # A serialized tx.
    headers=tx_headers
)
tx_response = json.loads(response.text)

If successful, this endpoint returns a JSON with the transaction hash. In case of error, it will return an error report, e.g.:

{
    "error": "Failed to parse a tx" | "Failed to submit a tx",
    "cause": "Upstream error description"
}
- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-node-management.html b/docs/build-node-management.html index f3379dc6ba4c..2b55dd8811dc 100644 --- a/docs/build-node-management.html +++ b/docs/build-node-management.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ has a monitor node metrics tutorial which uses this endpoint.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-open-source.html b/docs/build-open-source.html index 8bd8f7c00433..cdd4fc3761db 100644 --- a/docs/build-open-source.html +++ b/docs/build-open-source.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ the tech stack.

❗ All technologies listed above need to be open-source. Ideally, the links lead directly to the code.

Note: You will need a GitHub account to suggest changes or open issues. If you do not have one, you may sign up for free.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-oracle.html b/docs/build-oracle.html index a7ba2c3c229a..f48ea9ef013b 100644 --- a/docs/build-oracle.html +++ b/docs/build-oracle.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ ecosystem develops and oracle parachains begin to appear, this article will be updated with a comparison of the different solutions and the benefits and drawbacks that each provide.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-pdk.html b/docs/build-pdk.html index 375142245302..38bc0d96dc9a 100644 --- a/docs/build-pdk.html +++ b/docs/build-pdk.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ transition into a Relay Chain.

For more information on how parathread per-block auctions work, see the more detailed parathread page.

Resources​

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-protocol-index.html b/docs/build-protocol-index.html index 20c4a5c10b67..ba596f0c7d59 100644 --- a/docs/build-protocol-index.html +++ b/docs/build-protocol-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

Protocol & Parachain Development

Learn how to get started with building parachains, solo-chains, and other aspects of protocol development.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-protocol-info.html b/docs/build-protocol-info.html index 9433172c358a..4bd40933daee 100644 --- a/docs/build-protocol-info.html +++ b/docs/build-protocol-info.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ to cancel a runtime upgrade. Using a finalized depth of ten blocks should be safe.

Note that block production and finality are isolated processes in Polkadot, and the chain can have a long unfinalized head.

Do users need to interact with any smart contracts?

No, users interact directly with the chain's logic.

Does Polkadot have state rent?

No, Polkadot uses the existential deposit to prevent dust accounts and other economic mechanisms like locking or reserving tokens for operations that utilize state.

What is an external source to see the current chain height?

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-smart-contracts.html b/docs/build-smart-contracts.html index 08ad1ff31baa..96605268a65d 100644 --- a/docs/build-smart-contracts.html +++ b/docs/build-smart-contracts.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ Substrate and Polkadot StackExchange to ask their questions. As always, keep up to date with Polkadot and Kusama by following the social channels.

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-storage.html b/docs/build-storage.html index 78ae52e7dbdc..46ca5c9c2ea2 100644 --- a/docs/build-storage.html +++ b/docs/build-storage.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ directory info will not be visible if you switch to a new browser or clear the browser cache. The storage module allows you to export file directory info from the current browser and import it to the new browser.

manage file dir

note

These above images are taken from this pull request

- + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-tools-index.html b/docs/build-tools-index.html index 1caf0313964e..c48a13eef96a 100644 --- a/docs/build-tools-index.html +++ b/docs/build-tools-index.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Squid Archive Registry
  • Polka-store - A tool which scans a Substrate chain and stores balance-relevant transactions in an SQLite database.
  • Substrate-graph - A compact indexer for Substrate based nodes providing a GraphQL interface.
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/build-transaction-construction.html b/docs/build-transaction-construction.html index 6cf43d6a8489..d393adf60e41 100644 --- a/docs/build-transaction-construction.html +++ b/docs/build-transaction-construction.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ author_submitAndWatchExtrinsic, the latter of which will subscribe you to events to be notified as a transaction gets validated and included in the chain.

    Notes​

    Some addresses to use in the examples. See Subkey documentation.

    $ subkey --network polkadot generate
    Secret phrase `pulp gaze fuel ... mercy inherit equal` is account:
      Secret seed:      0x57450b3e09ba4598 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. 219756eeba80bb16
      Public key (hex): 0x2ca17d26ca376087dc30ed52deb74bf0f64aca96fe78b05ec3e720a72adb1235
      Account ID:       0x2ca17d26ca376087dc30ed52deb74bf0f64aca96fe78b05ec3e720a72adb1235
      SS58 Address:     121X5bEgTZcGQx5NZjwuTjqqKoiG8B2wEAvrUFjuw24ZGZf2

    $ subkey --network polkadot generate
    Secret phrase `exercise auction soft ... obey control easily` is account:
      Secret seed:      0x5f4bbb9fbb69261a ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. 4691ed7d1130fbbd
      Public key (hex): 0xda04de6cd781c98acf0693dfb97c11011938ad22fcc476ed0089ac5aec3fe243
      Account ID:       0xda04de6cd781c98acf0693dfb97c11011938ad22fcc476ed0089ac5aec3fe243
      SS58 Address:     15vrtLsCQFG3qRYUcaEeeEih4JwepocNJHkpsrqojqnZPc2y
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/builders-program.html b/docs/builders-program.html index 318d6d18dbd8..61b5b48b14e1 100644 --- a/docs/builders-program.html +++ b/docs/builders-program.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ form of tooling, UI, middleware, bridges, and more.

    Application track​

    This track supports builders who are building on top of Substrate-based chains.

    Check out the official Substrate Builders Program site for more information and steps on how to apply.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/community-index.html b/docs/community-index.html index 46bc7ceb88c9..a36689812aaa 100644 --- a/docs/community-index.html +++ b/docs/community-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Community & Contributors

    Learn about how to participate in the Polkadot community and how to contribute to the Polkadot Wiki.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/community.html b/docs/community.html index b105492a708b..26085d08a396 100644 --- a/docs/community.html +++ b/docs/community.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ development and where there's room for your contributions.
  • Teams Building on Polkadot - Community maintained list of teams building on Polkadot and/or Substrate. (Note that this may contain inaccuracies, as it's unofficial).
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/contributing.html b/docs/contributing.html index d5b360469583..2937d8b4b9bc 100644 --- a/docs/contributing.html +++ b/docs/contributing.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ the official crowdin knowledge base as well.




    The following shows an example in Arabic. You can type in your desired translation for each section in the provided area, while using the suggestions generated by the crowdin built-in translator.


    Make sure to save your translation.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/contributors.html b/docs/contributors.html index f38e327a65ab..39a51b50d183 100644 --- a/docs/contributors.html +++ b/docs/contributors.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ for the Polkadot protocol. He contributed in creating written content and example applications that demonstrate how to use these new technologies.

    You can now find Logan leading efforts to define the prediction market space at Zeitgeist.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/dashboards-index.html b/docs/dashboards-index.html index 635127f73b26..64bbf9b17fa7 100644 --- a/docs/dashboards-index.html +++ b/docs/dashboards-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Dashboards

    Explore the different dashboards in the Polkadot and Kusama ecosystems.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/dev-heroes.html b/docs/dev-heroes.html index f77972539b48..763625b6f863 100644 --- a/docs/dev-heroes.html +++ b/docs/dev-heroes.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ open source technology stack list and contribute with a pull request, an issue, or find and fix bugs.

  • Create content: Write a blog post, record a video tutorial, and write a Twitter thread. Share about your latest coding success, something you learned and are excited about.

  • Speak at events: Do a workshop or talk at meetups and conferences.

    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/explore-index.html b/docs/explore-index.html index 6c7aa5dd8de4..0ddbb7649166 100644 --- a/docs/explore-index.html +++ b/docs/explore-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Explore

    Explore Wallets, Apps and Programmes in Polkadot and Kusama ecosystems.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/faq.html b/docs/faq.html index 668df79fc536..b146a7e27339 100644 --- a/docs/faq.html +++ b/docs/faq.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ fee calculation page in the Substrate documentation for more detailed information.

    Answered by Gav series​

    The "Answered by Gav" series is a collection of posts uploaded to Reddit of questions that have been asked in the Polkadot Watercooler Riot channel and answered by Polkadot founder Gavin Wood.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/general-index.html b/docs/general-index.html index 650b9985c182..3d63f5cca4f7 100644 --- a/docs/general-index.html +++ b/docs/general-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    General

    General Information to get started with Polkadot and Web3.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/getting-started.html b/docs/getting-started.html index 18e517f6706f..9b3bbbea7931 100644 --- a/docs/getting-started.html +++ b/docs/getting-started.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ about Polkadot.
  • Sample Applications - Sample applications that are built on or currently being built for Polkadot.
  • Contributing Guide - Rules for contributing to the wiki.
  • Polkadot Knowledge Base - Troubleshooting resources for specific errors and problems.
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/glossary.html b/docs/glossary.html index 717c271152c9..65a817c1caa2 100644 --- a/docs/glossary.html +++ b/docs/glossary.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ transaction weights and fees.

    Witness​

    Cryptographic proof statements of data validity.

    Whitelist Pallet​

    Allows one Origin to escalate the privilege level of another Origin for a certain operation. In terms of OpenGov, it allows the Fellowship to authorise a new origin (which we will call Whitelisted-Root) to be executed with Root-level privileges.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/governance-apps.html b/docs/governance-apps.html index 53bd7dc87784..a58caab18c40 100644 --- a/docs/governance-apps.html +++ b/docs/governance-apps.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ node, ensuring real-time accuracy.

    Dive into the world of Polkadot governance with Polkassembly and be an active part of the future! For deeper insights or specific tutorials, please refer to the official documentation at https://docs.polkassembly.io.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/grants.html b/docs/grants.html index a3a87ec6558e..c609ac2eb453 100644 --- a/docs/grants.html +++ b/docs/grants.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Foundation has considered new ways to distribute KSM for people who need KSM to build.

    If you are interested in obtaining KSM for building or research, you can apply through the Treasury or receive a tip for doing something cool in the community.

    Other Grant Programs​

    Below is a list of other grant programs in the Polkadot/Substrate ecosystem.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/how-to-dyor.html b/docs/how-to-dyor.html index ba7ef1e70a30..27077294a4f4 100644 --- a/docs/how-to-dyor.html +++ b/docs/how-to-dyor.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ aims to bring to the ecosystem.

    This does not fall under fact-checking and verifying claims, but it is important to mention: fully understanding what something does and its prospective impact is an integral part of making an informed decision, so do not overlook it.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/kusama-adversarial-cheatsheet.html b/docs/kusama-adversarial-cheatsheet.html index 212e5531d6e7..c42a47c08840 100644 --- a/docs/kusama-adversarial-cheatsheet.html +++ b/docs/kusama-adversarial-cheatsheet.html @@ -19,14 +19,14 @@ - +

    Adversarial Cheatsheet

    Expect things to break on Kusama. To help you break some things, take a look at the following threat model.

    Hacker wants to …Security promise that should prevent the hackHacking IncentiveHacking DamageHacking value details
    Double spend tokens via getting the clients to accept a different chainIntegrity (System-wide)HighHighIf attackers are able to double spend tokens, they are able to get services without paying for them. This gives them a high monetary incentive to execute the attack.
    Cause system to mint tokens to his own accountIntegrity (System-wide) MediumLow - MediumIf an attacker is able to craft transactions that mint tokens to their account, then this provides a high monetary incentive to execute this attack.
    Validate malicious blocks to double spend tokensAvailability (System-wide) HighMediumIf an attacker is able to double spend tokens, they are able to get services without paying for them. This gives them a high monetary incentive to execute the attack.
    Undermine consensus mechanism to split chainIntegrity (System-wide)HighHigh"If an attacker is able to double spend tokens, they are able to get services without paying for them. This gives them a high monetary incentive to execute the attack. Betting on decrease in value of the cryptocurrency or competitors want to damage the reputation, so that the value of their blockchain increases.
    Tamper/manipulate blockchain history to invalidate transactions (e.g. a voting result)Integrity (System-wide)MediumMedium - HighAttacker can rollback undesired transactions by intentionally invalidating the block where transaction has happened. Attacker can force a governance decision (or even an on-chain update) that favors them.
    Undermine blockchain or consensus mechanism to damage the ecosystem's reputationAvailability (System-wide)HighHighBetting on decrease in value of the cryptocurrency or competitors want to damage the reputation, so that the value of their blockchain increases
    CensorshipAvailability (System-wide)MediumHighHackers are able to block undesirable types of transactions (e.g. industry competitor transactions or referendum votes). This could be achieved by colluding with other stakeholders or by otherwise obtaining more voting power.
    Deanonymize usersConfidentiality (Node)MediumMediumParties that want to de-anonymize users can use the information to oppress the opposition (e.g. political activists).
    Steal token from nodeIntegrity (Node)HighHighAttackers that are able to steal tokens from nodes can claim assets for themselves, which gives them a high monetary incentive to execute the attack.
    Steal token from node by leaking credentialsConfidentiality (Node)HighHighAttackers that are able to steal tokens from nodes can claim assets for themselves, which gives them a high monetary incentive to execute the attack.
    Prevent node from accessing the Polkadot networkAvailability (Node)LowLow - MediumRun a targeted denial-of-service attack out of revenge, monetary interests (in case of a competing coin exchange, etc.).
    Defraud other participantsIntegrity (Node)MediumLow - MediumAttacker can abuse other participants’ misunderstanding of Polkadot's security guarantees to defraud them. Also, if the reward for calling out bad behavior can be set up so that it is higher than the according punishment, a set of self-handled nodes can be set up to generate a source cycle. Other participants are not needed for this attack.
    Defraud other participantsIntegrity (System-wide)HighHighAn attacker could abuse bugs in Polkadot's economic system to defraud other participants. For example, an attacker could exploit a logic bug to not pay transaction fees.
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/kusama-bug-bounty.html b/docs/kusama-bug-bounty.html index 0c713cecd100..7f20f3b7e5c4 100644 --- a/docs/kusama-bug-bounty.html +++ b/docs/kusama-bug-bounty.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ not to be disruptive or harmful to our users or us. Otherwise, your actions might be interpreted as an attack rather than an effort to be helpful.

    How to report a bug​

    Please follow the instructions at web3.foundation/security-report/.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/kusama-claims.html b/docs/kusama-claims.html index dd905e5ffe6f..33ed14e0e82b 100644 --- a/docs/kusama-claims.html +++ b/docs/kusama-claims.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Polkadot Support page.

    Third Party Claims Processes​

    We do not recommend using a third-party app or process to perform your claim or acquire KSM.

    Claiming using a third-party process can lead to the loss of your allocation; therefore, we cannot recommend using any third-party apps to do so. Manually specifying your transaction data, as specified in our claims process, is the only way to be certain you will receive your allocation.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/kusama-coc.html b/docs/kusama-coc.html index dbc495b0a706..9b1d1c1f41e3 100644 --- a/docs/kusama-coc.html +++ b/docs/kusama-coc.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ on feedback from the Kusama participants and/or the Polkadot community.

    Bugs​

    Please understand that this network is, despite its success, an experiment with potential flaws, so it’s appreciated that community members help report any sort of exploits directly to the team before sharing publicly. Please see the bug bounty program.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/kusama-community.html b/docs/kusama-community.html index 5a1c8995143b..80f51e2f251e 100644 --- a/docs/kusama-community.html +++ b/docs/kusama-community.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ for technical questions on building with Substrate.
  • Smart Contracts & Parity Ink! - A room to discuss developing Substrate smart contracts using Parity Ink!

    • Social​

    Blogs and tutorials​

    Newsletters​

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/kusama-getting-started.html b/docs/kusama-getting-started.html index 5a27850608da..1844d560bd26 100644 --- a/docs/kusama-getting-started.html +++ b/docs/kusama-getting-started.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ here.

    While Kusama does not support smart contracts natively, building apps on it is still possible (e.g. RMRK.app). If you're interested in diving deeper into proper development, however, check out the builders guide.

    Additional Resources:

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/kusama-index.html b/docs/kusama-index.html index 60102660c0fd..5d32ab6a59ef 100644 --- a/docs/kusama-index.html +++ b/docs/kusama-index.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@

    Kusama

    Polkadot's Canary Network​

    Kusama is a canary network for Polkadot; an earlier release of the code that is available first and holds real economic value. For developers, Kusama is a proving ground for runtime upgrades, on-chain governance, and parachains.

    No Promises.

    Kusama has a dedicated Wiki guide. Click on the image below to access it.

    guide
    Kusama Guide
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/kusama-parameters.html b/docs/kusama-parameters.html index 84f02513b8a9..b5585ac33926 100644 --- a/docs/kusama-parameters.html +++ b/docs/kusama-parameters.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ redirected into the Society's treasury to fund growth.

    Precision​

    KSM have 12 decimals of precision. In other words, 1e12 (1_000_000_000_000, or one trillion) Plancks make up a single KSM.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/kusama-social-recovery.html b/docs/kusama-social-recovery.html index 5beee428dae9..ac39b0bf5ca0 100644 --- a/docs/kusama-social-recovery.html +++ b/docs/kusama-social-recovery.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ either go through the council or submit a public proposal. To learn more about governance, see here.

    Further Reading​

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/kusama-timeline.html b/docs/kusama-timeline.html index 7bb53746b04b..dfa919b0b7de 100644 --- a/docs/kusama-timeline.html +++ b/docs/kusama-timeline.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ forkless upgradability provided by Substrate, chaos continues, and in the spirit of chaos, more teams are eager to deploy on Kusama. The path of Kusama deployment has paved the way to Polkadot's parachains as the technology became proven.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-DOT.html b/docs/learn-DOT.html index 17730d26c304..c4d1c3dbb4f6 100644 --- a/docs/learn-DOT.html +++ b/docs/learn-DOT.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ through the Treasury. Alternatively, they can be obtained on the open market.

    Polkadot Mainnet DOT​

    Polkadot Mainnet DOT are not freely given away. If you purchased DOT in the original 2017 offering, you may claim them via the Polkadot claims process. Alternatively, they are available on the open market.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-account-abstraction.html b/docs/learn-account-abstraction.html index 3a49b136f9c9..a7560584e710 100644 --- a/docs/learn-account-abstraction.html +++ b/docs/learn-account-abstraction.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ Bader Youssef - "Abstracting Away Account Abstraction on Polkadot"
  • Parity Blog Post by Joe Petrowski - "Building a Hot Wallet with Substrate Primitives"
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-account-advanced.html b/docs/learn-account-advanced.html index 22db64ae46ee..775f3881606b 100644 --- a/docs/learn-account-advanced.html +++ b/docs/learn-account-advanced.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ directly in the browser on the new one.

    This has been tested on Brave and Chrome, but not other browsers.

    1. Go to Polkadot-JS Apps
    2. Go to JavaScript console on the browser (Available in Developer Tools)
    3. Type in the command:
    JSON.stringify(localStorage)
    1. Copy and paste the returned string to a text editor and save the file.
    2. Check that the string you pasted begins and ends with a tick mark ('). If not, add one to the beginning and end.
    3. Save and send that file with the copied string to the new computer.
    4. On the new computer, go to Polkadot-JS Apps
    5. Open the Javascript console on the browser (Available in Developer Tools)
    6. Set a variable raw equal to the string from the text file
    raw = ... copy-pasted json from original computer ...
    1. Run the following code on the console:
    accounts = JSON.parse(raw);
    for (var key in accounts) {
        if (accounts.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
            val = JSON.stringify(accounts[key]).replace(/\\/g,'').slice(1,-1);
            console.log(key + " -> " + val);
            localStorage.setItem(key, val);
        }
    }
    1. Refresh Polkadot-JS App browser and check the Accounts and Addresses pages. All of your accounts and addresses should now be available.
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-account-multisig.html b/docs/learn-account-multisig.html index e1e0471dc72f..dd710a4cd405 100644 --- a/docs/learn-account-multisig.html +++ b/docs/learn-account-multisig.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ the entities designated as the recipients come together in a new multisig under a matching threshold, they will immediately have access to these tokens.

    Polkadot-JS Guides

    If you are an advanced user, see the Polkadot-JS guides about multi-signature accounts.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-accounts.html b/docs/learn-accounts.html index a91fe06857b5..b61baa9d9c7a 100644 --- a/docs/learn-accounts.html +++ b/docs/learn-accounts.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ is not given for free. In the example, we created a governance proxy, and the reserved funds for this are 0.0668 KSM.
    Polkadot-JS Guides

    If you are an advanced user, see the Polkadot-JS guides about accounts.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-advanced-index.html b/docs/learn-advanced-index.html index ffbea051c63c..36f00af0e6c8 100644 --- a/docs/learn-advanced-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-advanced-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Advanced Concepts

    Advanced concepts to better understand Polkadot.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-architecture-index.html b/docs/learn-architecture-index.html index a578bf1a2fb3..80e43a7e7a08 100644 --- a/docs/learn-architecture-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-architecture-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Polkadot's Architecture

    Everything about Polkadot's Architecture.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-architecture.html b/docs/learn-architecture.html index 438d4a7f8474..ce9c90897a83 100644 --- a/docs/learn-architecture.html +++ b/docs/learn-architecture.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ verify their validity (and later, their availability).

    Whiteboard Series​

    For a video overview of the architecture of Polkadot watch the video below for the whiteboard interview with W3F researcher Alistair Stewart:

    Architecture Overview

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-archive-index.html b/docs/learn-archive-index.html index c92030776b07..fb6a8633a70c 100644 --- a/docs/learn-archive-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-archive-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Archive

    Implementations no longer live on Polkadot.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-assets-index.html b/docs/learn-assets-index.html index f70800965fa4..e3d1a9633495 100644 --- a/docs/learn-assets-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-assets-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Tokens and Assets

    Everything about tokens and assets on Polkadot.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-assets.html b/docs/learn-assets.html index 790eab5fbfd4..ae554dde09bb 100644 --- a/docs/learn-assets.html +++ b/docs/learn-assets.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ create a 2-of-2 multisig from two pure proxies, and then set members from each group as proxies to those two accounts.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-async-backing.html b/docs/learn-async-backing.html index b276aa6bdf8c..73b51819b149 100644 --- a/docs/learn-async-backing.html +++ b/docs/learn-async-backing.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ Asynchronous Backing (Shallow)
  • Chapter 6.15. from PBA lecture material: Asynchronous Backing (Deep)
  • Polkadot Blog Post - Asynchronous Backing: Elevating Polkadot's Performance and Scale
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-auction.html b/docs/learn-auction.html index 2256259c3f0a..7922b463542a 100644 --- a/docs/learn-auction.html +++ b/docs/learn-auction.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ W3F research page on parachain allocation that goes more in depth to the mechanism
  • Research Update: The Case for Candle Auctions - W3F breakdown and research update about candle auctions
  • Front-Running, Smart Contracts, and Candle Auctions W3F Research team discusses how to remedy current blockchain auction setbacks with candle auctions
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-balance-transfers.html b/docs/learn-balance-transfers.html index 08378aa379f0..7d668fdfa3c2 100644 --- a/docs/learn-balance-transfers.html +++ b/docs/learn-balance-transfers.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ probably not the reason for your tokens having existing references.

    Existing Non-Native Assets​

    Currently, Polkadot does not use the Assets Pallet, so this is probably not the reason for your tokens having existing references.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-basics-index.html b/docs/learn-basics-index.html index cba1a6a3b940..4ca6ce5113a3 100644 --- a/docs/learn-basics-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-basics-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Basic concepts about Polkadot

    Everything about staking, accounts, OpenGov, treasury, transactions, tokens and NFTs.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-bridges.html b/docs/learn-bridges.html index e198bba8d78f..a3cc7b9d3247 100644 --- a/docs/learn-bridges.html +++ b/docs/learn-bridges.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ Edgeware chain (a Substrate-based chain) - now defunct and not maintained, but a good example.
  • XCLAIM - XCLAIM is a framework for achieving trustless and efficient cross-chain exchanges using cryptocurrency-backed assets.
  • Celer cBridge - a bridge to transfer assets from Ethereum & Binance Smart Chain to the Astar Polkadot EVM.
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-collator.html b/docs/learn-collator.html index 3dabf4496f8a..0327afe808d1 100644 --- a/docs/learn-collator.html +++ b/docs/learn-collator.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ Cumulus repository. More information can be found under the Cumulus section on the build parachain page.

    Guides and Tools​

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-comparisons-avalanche.html b/docs/learn-comparisons-avalanche.html index a97fb0b13a98..f699b21de720 100644 --- a/docs/learn-comparisons-avalanche.html +++ b/docs/learn-comparisons-avalanche.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ need a recommended minimum of 5 validators, which make the costs of launch predictable. Avalanche has plans to implement shared security, interoperability, composability and on-chain governance features which are already offered by Polkadot.

    References​

    1. The Avalanche Platform Whitepaper
    2. The Avalanche Consensus Whitepaper
    3. The AVAX Token Dynamics Paper
    4. Nakomoto vs Snow consensus
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-comparisons-cosmos.html b/docs/learn-comparisons-cosmos.html index 92a61a315daf..40103c18a53a 100644 --- a/docs/learn-comparisons-cosmos.html +++ b/docs/learn-comparisons-cosmos.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ chain must trust the sending chain. Thus, each blockchain in the Cosmos network has its independent security mechanisms. They're independently secured and do not rely on the security of other blockchains or the hub.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-comparisons-ethereum-2.html b/docs/learn-comparisons-ethereum-2.html index 88bd0aca23c2..67e695156abf 100644 --- a/docs/learn-comparisons-ethereum-2.html +++ b/docs/learn-comparisons-ethereum-2.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ enacted autonomously via forkless upgrades.
  • Validator selection mechanisms differ as Polkadot can provide strong availability and validity guarantees with fewer validators per shard.
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-comparisons-index.html b/docs/learn-comparisons-index.html index 8d7894394c7c..05f6613409c2 100644 --- a/docs/learn-comparisons-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-comparisons-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Polkadot Comparisons

    Comparison between Polkadot and other Networks.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-comparisons-kusama.html b/docs/learn-comparisons-kusama.html index 8700de1a54f0..aa7ddc479d88 100644 --- a/docs/learn-comparisons-kusama.html +++ b/docs/learn-comparisons-kusama.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ the future, we’re also likely to see Kusama bridged to Polkadot for cross-network interoperability. Web3 Foundation remains committed to both networks going forward, providing crucial support and guidance to teams building for the ecosystem.

    Explore more​

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-comparisons-rollups.html b/docs/learn-comparisons-rollups.html index e63d1f21abbb..14fcf3345231 100644 --- a/docs/learn-comparisons-rollups.html +++ b/docs/learn-comparisons-rollups.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ transition data.

    Despite these drawbacks, Polkadot remains upgradable through forkless upgrades, which allows the protocol to be easily upgradable to stay in line with future technological advances.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-comparisons.html b/docs/learn-comparisons.html index 892a929e52fb..82756dcab94b 100644 --- a/docs/learn-comparisons.html +++ b/docs/learn-comparisons.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ Chain, and as the number of validators in the active set on Polkadot are increased, more parachains can be supported.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-components-index.html b/docs/learn-components-index.html index fc9ee79896c5..5134c9118a6c 100644 --- a/docs/learn-components-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-components-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Components

    Key components of the Polkadot ecosystem.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-consensus.html b/docs/learn-consensus.html index 980a9ccc60f4..cb4644ec68e4 100644 --- a/docs/learn-consensus.html +++ b/docs/learn-consensus.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ with Bill Laboon.
  • Block Production and Finalization in Polkadot: Understanding the BABE and GRANDPA Protocols - An academic talk by Bill Laboon, given at MIT Cryptoeconomic Systems 2020, describing Polkadot's hybrid consensus model in-depth.
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-controller.html b/docs/learn-controller.html index 0b3d36682912..d32f6e629285 100644 --- a/docs/learn-controller.html +++ b/docs/learn-controller.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ used less often and usually signed by the stash.

    stash-not-as-controller

    From a practical perspective, there were two accounts, and we needed to remember two passwords. From a security perspective, the party who wanted to control our staking actions was required to control two accounts.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-crowdloans.html b/docs/learn-crowdloans.html index 856b2601adbf..e61ecbaa4494 100644 --- a/docs/learn-crowdloans.html +++ b/docs/learn-crowdloans.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ Apps page.

    Here is an example of the crowdloans in play during the very first Kusama auction.

    crowdloan dashboard

    Furthermore, check out this video on How to Participate in Crowdloans for steps on how to access available crowdloans on PolkadotJS apps.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-cryptography.html b/docs/learn-cryptography.html index 254f13e78fe3..75dffbc23cfa 100644 --- a/docs/learn-cryptography.html +++ b/docs/learn-cryptography.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ make passive attacks much harder if such a backdoor exists.

    However an alternative exists in the form of Curve25519. This algorithm has been proposed in 2006 by DJB [Curve25519]. Its main strengths are its speed, its constant-time run time (and resistance against side-channel attacks), and its lack of nebulous hard-coded constants.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-extrinsics.html b/docs/learn-extrinsics.html index 8a9b8303670b..27c425852f36 100644 --- a/docs/learn-extrinsics.html +++ b/docs/learn-extrinsics.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ without the possibility of verifying it.

    Defense against Attacks​

    danger

    If you can't verify the extrinsic or you suspect you are signing something different than what you intended, don't sign it!

    To avoid being victim of an attack:

    • Use only trusted extensions, sites and software in general.
    • Use cold storage options (Ledger, Signer) and verify on them. Trust what these devices tell you over what is shown in the app or the browser extension.
    • Update Signer metadata only from trusted sources (or do it yourself).
    • Accept metadata updates for the extension only from trusted apps.
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-future-implementations-index.html b/docs/learn-future-implementations-index.html index b80cc5cef166..753564f18d04 100644 --- a/docs/learn-future-implementations-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-future-implementations-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Future Implementations

    Implementations that will be deployed on Polkadot.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-governance.html b/docs/learn-governance.html index d79031b6440a..d5bea70cf886 100644 --- a/docs/learn-governance.html +++ b/docs/learn-governance.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ case for why the change should be made.

    Resources​

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-accounts-index.html b/docs/learn-guides-accounts-index.html index fc3147ddcaef..5c950ec22bf2 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-accounts-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-accounts-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Polkadot-JS Guides about Accounts

    Polkadot-JS Guides about Accounts.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-accounts-multisig.html b/docs/learn-guides-accounts-multisig.html index 74964bc6cba3..ddcdd77b763a 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-accounts-multisig.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-accounts-multisig.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ Check the "How to use a multisig account" in the support docs on how to decode the multisig call data.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-accounts-proxy-pure.html b/docs/learn-guides-accounts-proxy-pure.html index 15ce9d0cbeef..5914419f312e 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-accounts-proxy-pure.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-accounts-proxy-pure.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ address but does not impact the pure proxy address. In Scenario Two, if signatories behind the pure proxies change, the address of the multisig stays the same. However, changing the number of signatories and threshold would not be possible.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-accounts-proxy.html b/docs/learn-guides-accounts-proxy.html index 8ba5d26bc663..dcaa27292344 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-accounts-proxy.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-accounts-proxy.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ automatically ask for Charly's signature. Thus one proxy call will trigger the second one because Charly's is the only any proxy of P-C, and P-C cannot sign anything. While if we want to use Bob's account we will need to submit all three proxy calls.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-accounts.html b/docs/learn-guides-accounts.html index df6dadad9bdb..7a6b3ad70186 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-accounts.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-accounts.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ encrypting/decrypting your wallet. If you cannot load a JSON file, please use the latest version of the wallet software. If you cannot load it, ensure that the wallet software uses the newest version of the Polkadot API.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-assets-create.html b/docs/learn-guides-assets-create.html index c51595177e79..cadc2692fd26 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-assets-create.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-assets-create.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ an ID that has already been taken. After all the details are entered, click on the next button.

    Add Asset Metadata

    • Choose the admin, issuer and the freezer accounts for your asset and click on the create button.

    Asset managing accounts

    • Sign and submit the transaction (If you like to verify the transaction details before signing, you can click on the dropdown button pointed by the arrow in the snapshot below).

    Sign asset creating transaction

    If the transaction is successful, you should see the asset and its details displayed in the Network > Assets page on the Asset Hub.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-assets-index.html b/docs/learn-guides-assets-index.html index 6ec993d844a2..0df76afdea54 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-assets-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-assets-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Advanced Guides for Asset Hub

    Polkadot-JS guides about the Asset Hub.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-assets-ledger.html b/docs/learn-guides-assets-ledger.html index 634e7d8f41a2..44e7b39e30c8 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-assets-ledger.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-assets-ledger.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ here.
  • Transfer the desired amount as described above. If you want to send exactly the amount you want to teleport, don't forget take into account the fees for teleporting that will be deducted in the next step.
  • Teleport your tokens following the instructions you will find here.

    • Teleporting to a Ledger account from a non-Ledger account doesn't require these extra steps.

    Support​

    If you need support, please visit the Polkadot Support page.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-bounties.html b/docs/learn-guides-bounties.html index f99156b0d207..2b974b8afca1 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-bounties.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-bounties.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ delay elapsed, follow the guidelines in the video tutorial below to learn how to claim a child bounty reward. Note that the extrinsic to claim the child bounty reward is permissionless, and anyone can initiate the claim on behalf of the beneficiary.

    Claim Child Bounty Reward

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-identity.html b/docs/learn-guides-identity.html index 855fd04dac38..8d502f61ff47 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-identity.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-identity.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ minimumDeposit.

    Submitting a proposal

    At this point, DOT holders can endorse the motion. With enough endorsements, the motion will become a referendum, which is then voted on. If it passes, users will be able to request judgement from this registrar.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-index.html b/docs/learn-guides-index.html index 26598b8302a0..ef570af3903c 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Polkadot-JS Guides

    Polkadot-JS Guides about Staking, Asset Hub, Ledger, Vault App, and more.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-ledger.html b/docs/learn-guides-ledger.html index 67ed40a960bc..4a165a1f2338 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-ledger.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-ledger.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ extrinsics are available in the light version. The following repository by Zondax lists the currently supported Democracy extrinsics on the full ledger.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-polkadot-opengov.html b/docs/learn-guides-polkadot-opengov.html index 30e52ebee027..7b87ad72bca3 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-polkadot-opengov.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-polkadot-opengov.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ have been met. Failing to submit the decision deposit within a -day period will lead to a referendum timeout.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-staking-index.html b/docs/learn-guides-staking-index.html index f3e1d9f73d3d..45e54dc5e81e 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-staking-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-staking-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Polkadot-JS Guides about Staking

    Polkadot-JS Guides about Staking.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-staking-pools.html b/docs/learn-guides-staking-pools.html index 1a51c608b360..eed3161eb1e6 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-staking-pools.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-staking-pools.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ Polkadot-JS UI Extrinsic Tab and issue the following extrisics:

    • nominationPools.claimPayoutOthers extrinsic specifying ALICE's account. This will claim the rewards as a free balance on ALICE's account.

    pools-payoutOthers

    • nominationPools.bondExtraOthers extrinsic specifying ALICE's account and the option to bond:
      • the free balance currently available in ALICE's account (FreeBalance) or
      • the pool rewards (Rewards) unclaimed by ALICE.

    pools-bondExtraOthers

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-staking.html b/docs/learn-guides-staking.html index 90076dc79cf7..8d681878527b 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-staking.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-staking.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ which will list all the pending payouts for your stashes.

    pending-payouts

    To then claim your reward, select the "Payout all" button. This will prompt you to select your stash accounts for payout.

    select-payouts

    Once you are done with payout, another screen will appear asking for you to sign and submit the transaction.

    transaction-payouts

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-treasury.html b/docs/learn-guides-treasury.html index f470027cf2e9..fd6b81e9c601 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-treasury.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-treasury.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ -day timeout
  • Once the referendum ends you can claim the preimage and decision deposits back
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-guides-vault.html b/docs/learn-guides-vault.html index e5c0d1ee6d01..548f392242d7 100644 --- a/docs/learn-guides-vault.html +++ b/docs/learn-guides-vault.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ chain and version is the version of the metadata.

    Add the renamed files to the /public/qr folder within the Metadata Portal repository.

    Run Portal​

    Open the terminal within the Metadata Portal repository and run make updater. Then run make collector; this will create the _latest.apng files for each of the chains (removed by the command make cleaner). Finally, run yarn start to load the metadata portal on your localhost.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-identity.html b/docs/learn-identity.html index 6a81edcbfd2c..4bc02d737b69 100644 --- a/docs/learn-identity.html +++ b/docs/learn-identity.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ is required for every sub-account.

    Polkadot-JS Guides

    If you are an advanced user, see the Polkadot-JS guides about account identity.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-implementations.html b/docs/learn-implementations.html index 22dd2ce8c4db..eeec6d4eed2e 100644 --- a/docs/learn-implementations.html +++ b/docs/learn-implementations.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ collection of tools, interfaces, and libraries for Polkadot and Substrate.

    Other implementations that have received grants​

    While the ecosystem continues to grow rapidly, the continued development of alternative implementations will only make Polkadot stronger. Consider becoming a contributor to the ecosystem, and learn about the how you can receieve a grant for your development.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-index.html b/docs/learn-index.html index a585dc12cc3e..0a78087b4be5 100644 --- a/docs/learn-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Learn about Polkadot

    Learn about the technology behind the Polkadot ecosystem, and the tools you can use to become a participant of Web3.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-inflation.html b/docs/learn-inflation.html index 75db0af733a4..6eafb6a9ab8b 100644 --- a/docs/learn-inflation.html +++ b/docs/learn-inflation.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ incentivizing them to stake more tokens on the network. On the contrary, staking rewards drop if staked tokens exceed the ideal staking rate. This results from the change in the percentage of staking rewards that go to the Treasury.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-launch.html b/docs/learn-launch.html index 7f04b1b313e4..3276bb41906e 100644 --- a/docs/learn-launch.html +++ b/docs/learn-launch.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ block number 1_205_128 on August 18, 2020, at 16:39 UTC.

    Core Functionality​

    After five years of research and development and a multi-stage launch that began in May 2020, Polkadot launch was completed on December 18, 2021, with all auction-winning parachains producing blocks on the network.

    Check out these resources for further information:

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-nft-pallets.html b/docs/learn-nft-pallets.html index 9fe6e187fb55..1caf1c7fb7c8 100644 --- a/docs/learn-nft-pallets.html +++ b/docs/learn-nft-pallets.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ balance-keeping chain for both fungible and non-fungibles.

    These NFTs can be viewed and interacted with on RMRK's Singular platform, by switching the top right menu from Kusama to the Asset Hub.

    nft-hub

    They can also be interacted with directly through the extrinsics tab of the Asset Hub:

    uniques.png

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-nft-projects.html b/docs/learn-nft-projects.html index 76ed20f674b6..741f8f2f17a7 100644 --- a/docs/learn-nft-projects.html +++ b/docs/learn-nft-projects.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ on, rather than entering the NFT space themselves as an end-product.

    Unique Network aims to make their marketplace technology open-source and whitelabel-friendly. In theory, it should be trivial to set up a new marketplace for your project using Unique's technology. Unique network aims to be a parachain on Polkadot, and Quartz is their Kusama counterpart.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-nft.html b/docs/learn-nft.html index 1f74fee1640d..65e59a4cbf3a 100644 --- a/docs/learn-nft.html +++ b/docs/learn-nft.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ RMRK hackathon for porting RMRK NFTs into simplified IOUs on EVM chains

    References​

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-nomination-pools.html b/docs/learn-nomination-pools.html index db2a0d34dfbe..1c7b31e3ca52 100644 --- a/docs/learn-nomination-pools.html +++ b/docs/learn-nomination-pools.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ in the nomination pools and earn staking rewards. For additional information, see this blog post. Check the wiki doc on nomination pools for more information.

    NominatingJoining a Pool
    Minimum 250 DOT to nominate.Minimum 1 DOT to be a member.
    Rewards can be compounded automatically or sent to any account.Rewards can be manually claimed to the pool member's account and be bonded in the pool again to compound them.
    If the active validator gets slashed, all active nominators are subjected to slashing, also those that do not receive rewards due to the oversubscription issue.If the active validator gets slashed, all pool members are subjected to slashing.
    Can bond and stake DOT indefinitely.Can bond and stake DOT until the pool exists.
    Unbonding period of 28 days. Can switch validators without unbonding.Unbonding period of 28 days. Need to unbond before switching to a different pool.
    Maximum uncapped.Maximum uncapped.
    Should bond more than the minimum active nomination in an era to be eligible to earn staking rewards, although it can depend on multiple other factors outlined in the linked document.A nomination pool earns rewards in an era if it satisfies all the conditions mentioned for the nominator (as the nomination pool is just a nominator from the NPoS system perspective).
    Staked tokens can be used for participation in Governance.Staked tokens cannot be used for participation in Governance.
    Rewards payout can be triggered permissionlessly by anyone (typically done by the validator).The pool member must claim the rewards.
    Bonded funds remain in your account.Bonded funds are transferred to a pool account which is administered by the network protocol and is not accessible to anyone else. See System Accounts for more information.
    Nominator manages the list of staked validators (up to 16).Nominations managed by the pool operator.
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-nominator.html b/docs/learn-nominator.html index df8cdf97ca02..c0e46daa15f4 100644 --- a/docs/learn-nominator.html +++ b/docs/learn-nominator.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ Polkadot JS Apps > Network > Staking > Targets page.

    Minimum Active Nomination

    Guides​

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-parachains-faq.html b/docs/learn-parachains-faq.html index 4dc0637d919c..f0d1c7052391 100644 --- a/docs/learn-parachains-faq.html +++ b/docs/learn-parachains-faq.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ initiate an auction, however, Root origin (via referendum) is needed to cancel an auction. Here is a proposal that gives a glimpse of what goes into planning auctions schedule - Proposed Polkadot Auction Schedule 2022.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-parachains-index.html b/docs/learn-parachains-index.html index 0d447c8732ae..b9de3ccf3419 100644 --- a/docs/learn-parachains-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-parachains-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Polkadot's Parachains

    Everything about Polkadot's Parachains.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-parachains-protocol.html b/docs/learn-parachains-protocol.html index 2e47d8942cef..99b1b2dc0c97 100644 --- a/docs/learn-parachains-protocol.html +++ b/docs/learn-parachains-protocol.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ Parity analyst Joe Petrowski expounds on the validity checks that a parachain block must pass in order to progress the parachain.
  • Availability and Validity - Paper by the W3F Research Team that specifies the availability and validity protocol in detail.
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-parachains.html b/docs/learn-parachains.html index d1c397558745..eee464dcefbb 100644 --- a/docs/learn-parachains.html +++ b/docs/learn-parachains.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ its own. The Relay Chain provides security to attached parachains, but also provides a guarantee of secure message-passing between them."
  • The Path of a Parachain Block - A technical walk-through of how parachains interact with the Relay Chain.
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-parathreads.html b/docs/learn-parathreads.html index 7d57d60902c7..c2301c582309 100644 --- a/docs/learn-parathreads.html +++ b/docs/learn-parathreads.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ produce new blocks when they need to.

    Parathreads help ease the sharp stop of the parachain slot term by allowing parachains that are still doing something useful to produce blocks, even if it is no longer economically viable to rent a parachain slot.

    Resources​

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-participants-index.html b/docs/learn-participants-index.html index df8367035b99..189e7436258f 100644 --- a/docs/learn-participants-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-participants-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Participants in the Polkadot Ecosystem

    Learn about collators, nominators and validators.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-phragmen.html b/docs/learn-phragmen.html index 6193238915e0..82d8d0c6e0a1 100644 --- a/docs/learn-phragmen.html +++ b/docs/learn-phragmen.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ This paper by Brill et al. is the source for the simple Phragmén method, along with proofs about its properties.
  • Offline Phragmén - Script to generate the Phragmén validator election outcome before the start of an era.
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-polkadot-host.html b/docs/learn-polkadot-host.html index 8e7c4301016a..2a8349d2cb22 100644 --- a/docs/learn-polkadot-host.html +++ b/docs/learn-polkadot-host.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ Host is referred to as the Executor. For additional technical implementation details, check out this section of the Polkadot Spec.

    Resources​

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov-index.html b/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov-index.html index e13191bc3afd..3b88d1596eaf 100644 --- a/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Polkadot OpenGov

    Everything about Polkadot OpenGov.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov-origins.html b/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov-origins.html index 472f38e522e1..7c504e5a6b55 100644 --- a/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov-origins.html +++ b/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov-origins.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@

    Big Spender​

    Origin able to spend up to 1000000 DOT from the treasury at once.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov-treasury.html b/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov-treasury.html index e6d1a3b9d6b5..37c13c79f0c7 100644 --- a/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov-treasury.html +++ b/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov-treasury.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ allocation of funds and as part of a nested iteration of the bounty mechanism.

    Child Bounties​

    Child bounties are spawned from parent bounties. Child bounties are used to access funds directly from the parent bounty without going through an OpenGov referendum.

    Polkadot-JS Guides

    If you are an advanced user, see the Polkadot-JS guides about bounties and treasury.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov.html b/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov.html index c9aebd7b57c7..7b55fabf896a 100644 --- a/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov.html +++ b/docs/learn-polkadot-opengov.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ small deposit (which will be returned once they become members). Their candidacy will go through a referendum to be approved to become a member.

    Resources​

    Polkadot-JS Guides

    If you are an advanced user, see the Polkadot-JS guides about OpenGov.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-polkadotjs-index.html b/docs/learn-polkadotjs-index.html index 0e33dd026cf6..97a4daa4f17e 100644 --- a/docs/learn-polkadotjs-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-polkadotjs-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Polkadot-JS

    Overview of Polkadot-JS.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-proxies-pure.html b/docs/learn-proxies-pure.html index b2b48f538683..22807a8a5960 100644 --- a/docs/learn-proxies-pure.html +++ b/docs/learn-proxies-pure.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ corporate-level management where the chance of replacing someone within a multisig can be high. Pure proxies allow keeping the same multisig when the signatories change.
    Polkadot-JS Guides

    If you are an advanced user, see the Polkadot-JS guides about pure proxy accounts.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-proxies.html b/docs/learn-proxies.html index 62bd48965268..979959659277 100644 --- a/docs/learn-proxies.html +++ b/docs/learn-proxies.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -98,8 +98,9 @@ and the announcementDepositFactor is .

    Polkadot-JS Guides

    If you are an advanced user, see the -Polkadot-JS guides about proxy accounts.

    - +Polkadot-JS guides about proxy accounts. You can find +information about creating and removing proxies, and more.

    + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-redenomination.html b/docs/learn-redenomination.html index 643a972917aa..22c49b2690cc 100644 --- a/docs/learn-redenomination.html +++ b/docs/learn-redenomination.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ Ecosystem Redenomination Guide for recommendations.

    Please reach out to support@polkadot.network if you need any assistance in making sure your software is compatible with the redenomination.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-runtime-upgrades.html b/docs/learn-runtime-upgrades.html index 56d99d914a2a..2c1fa202d3ff 100644 --- a/docs/learn-runtime-upgrades.html +++ b/docs/learn-runtime-upgrades.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ may be up to the last block before execution, but it will not work if this is missing.
  • democracy(Executed) events for actual execution. In the case of a runtime upgrade, there will also be a system(CodeUpdated) event.

    • You can also monitor Polkassembly for discussions on on-chain proposals and referenda.

    * E.g. via pallets/democracy/storage/ReferendumInfoOf?key1=index&at=blockNumber on Sidecar.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-sassafras.html b/docs/learn-sassafras.html index db152bb15d45..3dc5d80ae2d3 100644 --- a/docs/learn-sassafras.html +++ b/docs/learn-sassafras.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ with time-constant intervals. The protocol utilizes zk-SNARKs to construct a ring-VRF and is a work in progress.

    This page will be updated as progress ensues.

    Resources​

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-scams.html b/docs/learn-scams.html index 1e1c6a4ad77d..be728d81f5e1 100644 --- a/docs/learn-scams.html +++ b/docs/learn-scams.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ for steps you should take to prevent further loss and contact Polkadot Support from the same page. Finally, make sure to read the present article carefully to learn how to avoid falling victim in the future.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-spree.html b/docs/learn-spree.html index 8eeeddd6a9ca..96c4db9dc33b 100644 --- a/docs/learn-spree.html +++ b/docs/learn-spree.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ instances, and the next state root of the instance. They do this validation by checking it against the validate function as provided by the SPREE module API. Collators are expected to be able to provide this information to progress their parachains.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-staking-advanced.html b/docs/learn-staking-advanced.html index e2d3fa5bd7d9..62bc398c92d1 100644 --- a/docs/learn-staking-advanced.html +++ b/docs/learn-staking-advanced.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ which is a fixed amount.

    Further Resources​

    If you want to run a staking miner on your validator, refer to the repository provided in the resources section below.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-staking-index.html b/docs/learn-staking-index.html index 1741d2468530..ae60097ccc21 100644 --- a/docs/learn-staking-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-staking-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Polkadot-JS Guides about Staking

    Polkadot-JS Guides about Staking.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-staking.html b/docs/learn-staking.html index 6028a61f2e0c..3953eec6c4bb 100644 --- a/docs/learn-staking.html +++ b/docs/learn-staking.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ for the FAQs about staking.

    Resources​

    Polkadot-JS Guides

    If you are an advanced user, see the Polkadot-JS guides about staking.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-system-chains.html b/docs/learn-system-chains.html index 214c9174afff..d1fcd1ddc46c 100644 --- a/docs/learn-system-chains.html +++ b/docs/learn-system-chains.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ isolation provided by parachains.

    See the Bridges page for information on the latest bridge projects. Currently, a Bridge Hub parachain is in development that will be a portal for trust-minimized bridges to other networks.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-teleport.html b/docs/learn-teleport.html index b678d52dd055..8b09e14fa4ae 100644 --- a/docs/learn-teleport.html +++ b/docs/learn-teleport.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ condition will result in a change in the asset's total issuance (in the case of fungible tokens) or a complete loss/duplication of an NFT.

    Teleporting Tokens using the Polkadot-JS UI​

    Troubleshooting​

    If you do not see "Accounts > Teleport" in [Polkadot-JS UI], the source chain that you have selected does not support teleportation yet.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-transaction-fees.html b/docs/learn-transaction-fees.html index 8c6b708db5ea..8e56c8d7cd78 100644 --- a/docs/learn-transaction-fees.html +++ b/docs/learn-transaction-fees.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ how reasonable they find the timestamp. In Polkadot, it must be within some acceptable range of their own system clocks.

    Learn More​

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-transactions-index.html b/docs/learn-transactions-index.html index 8b0a2bd154dd..7ea06ba941f2 100644 --- a/docs/learn-transactions-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-transactions-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Transactions

    Everything about transactions between Polkadot accounts.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-treasury.html b/docs/learn-treasury.html index 4a031033771e..468ba8bd00d8 100644 --- a/docs/learn-treasury.html +++ b/docs/learn-treasury.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ taking place. The time delay then allows chain participants time to respond. The response may take the form of governance measures or - in the most extreme cases a liquidation of their holdings and a migration to a minority fork. However, the possibility of this scenario is quite low.

    Further Reading​

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-validator.html b/docs/learn-validator.html index 8e43975bbebc..a901ddb3657e 100644 --- a/docs/learn-validator.html +++ b/docs/learn-validator.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ statistics.
  • YieldScan - Staking yield maximization platform, designed to minimize effort.
  • Subscan Validators Page - Displays information on the current validators - not as tailored for validators as the other sites.
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-video-tutorials.html b/docs/learn-video-tutorials.html index e381701d5671..bd1304a16a39 100644 --- a/docs/learn-video-tutorials.html +++ b/docs/learn-video-tutorials.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@

    Videos about Polkadot

    Visit the Polkadot YouTube Channel

    For more videos see all playlists on the Polkadot YouTube channel.

    Ongoing Series​

    Learn about Polkadot and Substrate at a deeper level with these ongoing deep dives, technical seminars, and initiatives within the ecosystem.

    Drawing
    Technical Explainers
    Drawing
    Substrate Seminars
    Drawing
    Polkadot Deep Dives

    Drawing
    Polkadot Community Calls
    Drawing
    Polkadot Decoded 2023
    Drawing
    Polkadot Blockchain Academy

    Past Events​

    Drawing
    Polkadot for Beginners
    Drawing
    ETH Denver 2023
    Drawing
    Encode Polkadot Club

    Drawing
    Sub0 2022
    Drawing
    Polkadot Decoded 2022
    Drawing
    Polkadot in Davos 2022

    Drawing
    Polkadot Webinars
    Drawing
    Hackathon North America
    Drawing
    Hackathon Global Series
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-wasm.html b/docs/learn-wasm.html index 82f021842637..20cdce8cdd87 100644 --- a/docs/learn-wasm.html +++ b/docs/learn-wasm.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ spec.
  • Wasmi - WebAssembly interpreter written in Rust.
  • Parity Wasm - WebAssembly serialization/deserialization in Rust.
  • Wasm utils - Collection of Wasm utilities used in Parity and Wasm contract development.
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-xcm-index.html b/docs/learn-xcm-index.html index 737c53819e7e..4e313e441c74 100644 --- a/docs/learn-xcm-index.html +++ b/docs/learn-xcm-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Polkadot's XCM

    Polkadot's Cross-Consensus Messaging Format (XCM).

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-xcm-instructions.html b/docs/learn-xcm-instructions.html index 360bd500780c..35f9eb82b431 100644 --- a/docs/learn-xcm-instructions.html +++ b/docs/learn-xcm-instructions.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ system and may not be transferred. It may only be unlocked with the receipt of the UnlockAsset instruction from this chain.

  • RequestUnlock(MultiAsset, MultiLocation) - Send an UnlockAsset instruction to the locker for the given asset.

    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-xcm-pallet.html b/docs/learn-xcm-pallet.html index 838d53d70d53..7c6ffb1b0827 100644 --- a/docs/learn-xcm-pallet.html +++ b/docs/learn-xcm-pallet.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ calculates the total fee based on the number of instructions.

    The Trader used to calculate the weight (time for computation in consensus) to include in the message. Fee calculation in XCM is highly configurable and, for this reason, subjective to whichever configuration is in place.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-xcm-transport.html b/docs/learn-xcm-transport.html index 8dc9461a1a07..15ad62fa40ab 100644 --- a/docs/learn-xcm-transport.html +++ b/docs/learn-xcm-transport.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ asset transfer as intended.

    The collator now hands this block to the validator, which itself will verify that this message was processed. If the message was processed and all other aspects of the block are valid, the validator will include this block for parachain B into the Relay Chain.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-xcm-usecases.html b/docs/learn-xcm-usecases.html index 6a8f90416ba6..1333b2174801 100644 --- a/docs/learn-xcm-usecases.html +++ b/docs/learn-xcm-usecases.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ destination's sovereign account, and sends this instruction onwards to the destination. The destination receives the instruction and processes it, minting the derivative assets as a result of the process.

    1. DepositAsset

    The destination deposits the derivative assets minted to the receiving account.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-xcm.html b/docs/learn-xcm.html index 48a8bf3508af..8479b8270fcf 100644 --- a/docs/learn-xcm.html +++ b/docs/learn-xcm.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ Technical audit report by Quarkslab prepared for Parity.

  • XCM pallet code - The pallet that contains XCM logic from the Polkadot code repository

  • XCM Config & Pallet-XCM | Polkadot Deep Dives - A technical deep dive into pallet-xcm and the XCM configuration.

    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn-xcvm.html b/docs/learn-xcvm.html index 8365dc9f725d..a763f616dd02 100644 --- a/docs/learn-xcvm.html +++ b/docs/learn-xcvm.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ a MultiLocation.

    Simulating XCVM using the xcm-simulator​

    Within the Polkadot repository exists the xcm-simulator, which allows developers to experiment with building, executing, and simulating various XCM use scenarios.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm.html b/docs/learn/xcm.html index 9e37fd127473..9a88082ce4de 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    XCM Documentation

    In-depth documentation about the Polkadot's Cross-Chain Messaging (XCM).

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/config-deep-dive.html b/docs/learn/xcm/config-deep-dive.html index 1afa4cda5750..a9d940ba67bd 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/config-deep-dive.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/config-deep-dive.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ Statemine, or Trappist for examples of how to implement the xcm-executor config.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-fees.html b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-fees.html index 44e1a84e0ce1..3c37bf08c287 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-fees.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-fees.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ fee handling chapter.

    XCM is agnostic, which means it doesn't assume fees need to be paid. It's entirely possible to not pay for the effects of an XCM on the destination system. Even in systems where fees have to be paid, special cases of free execution can be made. There are security measures systems can put in place -(see barrier) to not execute XCMs that do not pay for their -fees.

    Executor config​

    The executor has a Weigher configuration item that +(see barrier) to not execute XCMs that do not pay for their +fees.

    Executor config​

    The executor has a Weigher configuration item that specifies the weight of each instruction. It weighs the whole message by adding the weight of each instruction. A simple way of weighing instructions is to assign them a base weight value to all of them. This works, but it is not very accurate, as different instructions use more resources when @@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ certain amount of weight for executing the XCM.

    Naturally, this configuration items allow for any approach you can think of for weighing messages and charging execution fees.

    XCM pallet​

    FRAME pallets, like the XCM pallet, specify weights for each extrinsic they expose. That means that when interacting with pallets that deal with XCM, there will be an additional fee at the beginning -for calling the extrinsic locally.

    - +for calling the extrinsic locally.

    + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-multiasset.html b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-multiasset.html index 4c7b193c9aa7..eb83c7d45614 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-multiasset.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-multiasset.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ MultiAssets and WildMultiAsset allowing either a wildcard or a list of definite (i.e. not wildcard) assets to be specified.

    pub enum MultiAssetFilter {
        /// Specify the filter as being everything contained by the given `MultiAssets` inner.
        Definite(MultiAssets),
        /// Specify the filter as the given `WildMultiAsset` wildcard.
        Wild(WildMultiAsset),
    }

    Examples​

    MultiAsset​

    For more information about the MultiLocations used to define concrete assets, see MultiLocation and Junction.

    // Location Relay Chain
    // 100 Native Asset (three ways)
    MultiAsset {id: Concrete(MultiLocation {parents: 0, interior: Here}), fun: Fungible(100u128)};
    MultiAsset {id: Here.into(), fun: 100.into()};
    let _: MultiAsset = (Here, 100u128).into();

    // 100 Parachain's Native Asset
    let _: MultiAsset = (X1(Parachain(1000)), 100u128).into();
    // 100 Fungible assets in Parachain 1000 with id 1234
    let _: MultiAsset = (X2(Parachain(1000), GeneralIndex(1234)), 100u128).into();
    // Non Fungible asset with asset class 1234 containing only one nft instance in Parachain 1000
    let _: MultiAsset = (X2(Parachain(1000), GeneralIndex(1234)), Undefined).into();
    // Non Fungible asset with asset class 1234 and AssetInstance 1 in Parachain 1000
    let _: MultiAsset = (X2(Parachain(1000), GeneralIndex(1234)), Index(1)).into();

    MultiAssetFilter​

    let a1: MultiAssets = MultiAssets::from(vec![MultiAsset {id: Here.into(), fun: 100u128.into()}]);
    let b1: MultiAssets = (Here, 100u128).into();
    assert_eq!(a1, b1);

    let a2: MultiAssetFilter = a1.into();
    let b2 = MultiAssetFilter::Definite((Here, 100u128).into());
    assert_eq!(a2, b2);

    let a3 = MultiAssetFilter::Wild(WildMultiAsset::All);
    let b3: MultiAssetFilter = All.into();
    assert_eq!(a3, b3);
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-summary.html b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-summary.html index df1b766dc396..5381797733aa 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-summary.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-summary.html @@ -19,14 +19,14 @@ - +

    Fundamentals

    In this chapter we explore all the fundamentals that you should understand before diving deeper into XCM.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-xcvm.html b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-xcvm.html index 07e6f8ba3025..8b6fa4e992fe 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-xcvm.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals-xcvm.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    XCVM

    We've already seen an overview of the XCVM. In this section, we'll dive deeper into how it works.

    Coming soon​

    This chapter is still being worked on.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals.html b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals.html index 3da250579b77..34cc0f3407b0 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Fundamentals

    Fundamental Concepts about XCM.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation-example.html b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation-example.html index ed751717d919..afbb4079b9c8 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation-example.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation-example.html @@ -19,14 +19,14 @@ - +

    Example

    In this example we show different MultiLocations for the system hierarchy in the image below. Example

    From the perspective of RelayA

    // ParaA
    let _: MultiLocation = Parachain(1000).into();
    // AccountId32 in Parachain A
    let _: MultiLocation = (Parachain(1000), AccountId32 { network: RELAY_A_NETWORK, id: [0u8; 32]}).into();
    // Asset in Parachain A
    let _: MultiLocation = (Parachain(1000), PalletInstance(1), GeneralIndex(1)).into();
    // Ethereum based account on Parachain B
    let _: MultiLocation = (Parachain(2000), AccountKey20 { network: RELAY_A_NETWORK, key: [0u8; 20] }).into();
    // Smart Contract
    let _: MultiLocation = (Parachain(2000), PalletInstance(1), AccountKey20 { network: RELAY_A_NETWORK, key: [0u8; 20] }).into();
    // RelayB
    let _: MultiLocation = (Parent, GlobalConsensus(RELAY_B_NETWORK)).into();
    // NFT on Parachain C
    let _: MultiLocation = (Parent, GlobalConsensus(RELAY_B_NETWORK), Parachain(1000), GeneralIndex(1)).into();

    From the perspective of Parachain C

    // Relay A
    let _: MultiLocation = Parent.into();
    // Plurality Example. Many more BodyId/BodyPart combos imaginable
    let _: MultiLocation = (Parent, Plurality { id: BodyId::Index(0), part: BodyPart::Members { count: 10 } }).into();
    // Account in Relay
    let _: MultiLocation = (Parent, AccountId32 { network: None, id: [0u8; 32] }).into();

    From the perspective of the Smart Contract

    // Asset in Parachain A
    let _: MultiLocation = (Parent, Parent, Parachain(1000), PalletInstance(1), GeneralIndex(1)).into();

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation-junctions.html b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation-junctions.html index d2cc9b60a95b..853278e16140 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation-junctions.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation-junctions.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ relay chain from the perspective of the Polkadot relay chain as {parents: 1, interior: GlobalConsensus(Kusama)}. An example use case could be routing XCMs between global consensus networks using bridges.

    Multiple ways to create a MultiLocation​

    // Current Location
    MultiLocation {parents: 0, interior: Here};
    MultiLocation::new(0, Here);
    MultiLocation::here();
    MultiLocation::default();
    let _: MultiLocation = Here.into();

    // Parent Location
    MultiLocation {parents: 1, interior: Here};
    MultiLocation::parent();
    let _: MultiLocation = Parent.into();

    // Conversion
    MultiLocation { parents: 2, interior: X2(Parachain(1), GeneralIndex(1))};
    let _: MultiLocation = (Parent, Parent, Parachain(1), GeneralIndex(1)).into();
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation-summary.html b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation-summary.html index 2329c469c28d..f690ec866746 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation-summary.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation-summary.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ .. are followed by some number of Junctions, all separated by /. The X1 and X2 variants are expressing the number of Junctions that we step down in the hierarchical structure (see Junctions for an explanation).

    // From: RelayA
    // To: ParaB
    // Location: Parachain(2000)
    MultiLocation {parents: 0, interior: X1(Parachain(2000))};
    // To: Account in ParaA
    // Location: Parachain(1000)/AccountId32(0x00..)
    MultiLocation {
        parents: 0,
        interior: X2(
            Parachain(1000),
            AccountId32{network: None, id: [0u8; 32]}
        )
    };

    // From: ParaB
    // To: RelayA
    // Location: ../Here
    MultiLocation {parents: 1, interior: Here};
    // To: Account in ParaA
    // Location: ../Parachain(1000)/AccountId32(0x00..)
    MultiLocation {
        parents: 1,
        interior: X2(
            Parachain(1000),
            AccountId32{network: None, id: [0u8; 32]}
        )
    };

    What's next:​

    • More information about junctions
    • More MultiLocation examples
    • Expressing assets using Multilocations: [MultiAsset][../multiasset.md]
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation.html b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation.html index 966aaebcb03e..09f06de536e9 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/fundamentals/multilocation.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    MultiLocation

    The MultiLocation Type.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/introduction.html b/docs/learn/xcm/introduction.html index 165b6321584d..630faf741319 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/introduction.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/introduction.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ open an issue. If you want to contribute to the format, check out the RFC process.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-assets.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-assets.html index 56250ac4ad1e..e84f933c161f 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-assets.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-assets.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ relay chain. The assets are trapped because an error is thrown and the execution is halted. Parachain A claims the trapped assets and receives a report of the holding register.

    Parachain A sends the following message to the relay chain. The message errors because of the Trap instruction, so all assets in the Holding Register are trapped.

    let message = Xcm(vec![
        WithdrawAsset((Here, 10 * CENTS).into()),
        BuyExecution { fees: (Here, CENTS).into(), weight_limit: WeightLimit::Unlimited },
        Trap(0), // <-- Errors
        DepositAsset { // <-- Not executed because of error.
            assets: All.into(),
            beneficiary: AccountId32 {
                network: Some(parachain::RelayNetwork::get()),
                id: ALICE.into()
            }.into()
        }
    ]);

    Parachain A claims the assets, reports them to itself and deposits them in the Account of Alice.

    let claim_message = Xcm(vec![
        ClaimAsset { assets: (Here, 10 * CENTS).into(), ticket: Here.into() },
        ReportHolding {
            response_info: QueryResponseInfo {
                destination: Parachain(1).into(),
                query_id: QUERY_ID,
                max_weight: Weight::from_parts(1_000_000_000, 64*64) },
            assets: All.into()
        },
        DepositAsset {
            assets: All.into(),
            beneficiary: AccountId32 {
                network: Some(parachain::RelayNetwork::get()),
                id: ALICE.into()
            }.into()
        },
    ]);
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-channels.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-channels.html index a72221224ffa..262b09b6ce25 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-channels.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-channels.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ network), you would call with network: NetworkId::Kusama and destination: X1(Parachain(1000)). Alternatively, to export a message for execution on Polkadot, you would call with network: NetworkId:: Polkadot and destination: Here.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-expectations.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-expectations.html index 4a3e472a04bc..2d2cea87fe6a 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-expectations.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-expectations.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ the error handler, when a specific error is thrown.

        ExpectError(Option<(u32, Error)>)

    Example​

    For the full example, check here.

    SetErrorHandler(Xcm(vec![
        ExpectError(Some((1, XcmError::VersionIncompatible))),
        ReportError(QueryResponseInfo {
            destination: Parachain(1).into(),
            query_id: QUERY_ID,
            max_weight: Weight::from_all(0),
        }),
    ])),
    // Pallet index is wrong, so throws `PalletNotFound` error.
    ExpectPallet {
        index: 100,
        name: "Balances".into(),
        module_name: "pallet_balances".into(),
        crate_major: 4,
        min_crate_minor: 0,
    },

    ExpectTransactStatus​

    The ExpectTransactStatus instruction throws an ExpectationFalse error if the transact status register does not equal the expected transact status.

    Example​

    For the full example, check here. The transact status is reported to Parachain(1) if the call in the Transact errors.

    SetErrorHandler(Xcm(vec![ReportTransactStatus(QueryResponseInfo {
        destination: Parachain(1).into(),
        query_id: QUERY_ID,
        max_weight: Weight::from_all(0),
    })])),
    Transact {
        origin_kind: OriginKind::SovereignAccount,
        require_weight_at_most: Weight::from_parts(INITIAL_BALANCE as u64, 1024 * 1024),
        call: call.encode().into(),
    },
    ExpectTransactStatus(MaybeErrorCode::Success),
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-fees.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-fees.html index 83844d15c6b6..83b98868c8c3 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-fees.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-fees.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ throws an error, the error handler will be called and the weight for all the instructions that weren't executed is refunded. For the full example, check our repo.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-holding.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-holding.html index 5d7b010d1245..1aba680c8dcc 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-holding.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-holding.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ results could differ.

    The Assets in the exchange in Parachain(1). This is a custom exchange implementation just for testing purposes.

    let assets_in_exchange = vec![(Parent, 10 * CENTS).into()];
    parachain::set_exchange_assets(assets_in_exchange);

    The message that is send:

    let message = Xcm(vec![
        WithdrawAsset((Here, 10 * CENTS).into()),
        BuyExecution { fees: (Here, CENTS).into(), weight_limit: WeightLimit::Unlimited },
        // Maximal field set to true.
        ExchangeAsset {
            give: Definite((Here, 5 * CENTS).into()),
            want: (Parent, 5 * CENTS).into(),
            maximal: true,
        },
        DepositAsset {
            assets: AllCounted(2).into(),
            beneficiary: AccountId32 {
                network: Some(parachain::RelayNetwork::get()),
                id: ALICE.into(),
            }
            .into(),
        },
    ]);

    Alice receives 5 CENTS worth of native assets (Here) and 5 CENTS worth of relay chain derivative assets (Parent).

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-locks.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-locks.html index 0dbdd1956438..b516354942e7 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-locks.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-locks.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ pallet-balances: 10.
    ParaA::execute_with(|| {
        let message = Xcm(vec![
            LockAsset { asset: (Here, 10 * CENTS).into(), unlocker: (Parachain(2)).into() },
            LockAsset { asset: (Here, 5 * CENTS).into(), unlocker: (Parachain(3)).into() },
        ]);
        assert_ok!(ParachainPalletXcm::send_xcm(Here, Parent, message.clone()));
    });

    Relay::execute_with(|| {
        assert_eq!(
            relay_chain::Balances::locks(&parachain_sovereign_account_id(1)),
            vec![BalanceLock { id: *b"py/xcmlk", amount: 10 * CENTS, reasons: Reasons::All }]
        );
    });
    1. Parachain B and C receive the NoteUnlockable instruction.
    ParaB::execute_with(|| {
        assert_eq!(
            parachain::MsgQueue::received_dmp(),
            vec![Xcm(vec![NoteUnlockable {
                owner: (Parent, Parachain(1)).into(),
                asset: (Parent, 10 * CENTS).into()
            }])]
        );
    });

    ParaC::execute_with(|| {
        assert_eq!(
            parachain::MsgQueue::received_dmp(),
            vec![Xcm(vec![NoteUnlockable {
                owner: (Parent, Parachain(1)).into(),
                asset: (Parent, 5 * CENTS).into()
            }])]
        );
    });
    1. Parachain A sends a RequestUnlock instruction to Parachain B for 8 CENTS.
    ParaA::execute_with(|| {
        let message = Xcm(vec![RequestUnlock {
            asset: (Parent, 8 * CENTS).into(),
            locker: Parent.into(),
        }]);

        assert_ok!(ParachainPalletXcm::send_xcm(Here, (Parent, Parachain(2)), message.clone()));
    });
    1. Parachain B Unlocks a part of the funds by sending an UnlockAsset to the relay chain. we check the lock in the balances-pallet. Unlockers: B, C; Funds registered in pallet-xcm: 2, 5. Lock set in pallet-balances: 5.
    Relay::execute_with(|| {
        assert_eq!(
            relay_chain::Balances::locks(&parachain_sovereign_account_id(1)),
            vec![BalanceLock { id: *b"py/xcmlk", amount: 5 * CENTS, reasons: Reasons::All }]
        );
    });
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-origin.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-origin.html index 76c1f0927eee..9fa993bf9d92 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-origin.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-origin.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ for certain values of X (thereby allowing sibling chains to use the same account IDs) or Parachain(X)/ (allowing a Relay-chain to use the account IDs native to its child parachains) or just Parent/ (allowing parachains to use AccountIds of the Relay-chain).

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-queries.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-queries.html index 139b66aea28c..c2330bbe592a 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-queries.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-queries.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ specified destination.

    ReportTransactStatus(QueryResponseInfo)

    Example​

    For the full example, check here. Dispatches a call on the consensus system receiving this Xcm and reports back the status of the Transact Status Register.

    Xcm(vec![
        Transact {
            origin_kind: OriginKind::SovereignAccount,
            require_weight_at_most: Weight::from_parts(INITIAL_BALANCE as u64, 1024 * 1024),
            call: remark.encode().into(),
        },
        ReportTransactStatus(QueryResponseInfo {
            destination: Parachain(1).into(),
            query_id: QUERY_ID,
            max_weight: Weight::from_all(0),
        }),
    ]);
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-register.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-register.html index b62fadca3d4f..3d8f14258919 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-register.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-register.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ and error handler instruction are executed. These instructions are executed regardless of whether an error occurred.

    ClearError​

    ClearError

    The ClearError instruction clears the Error Register by setting it to None.

    ClearTransactStatus​

    ClearTransactStatus

    The ClearTransactStatus instruction sets the Transact Status Register to its default, cleared, value.

    SetTopic​

    SetTopic([u8; 32])

    The SetTopic instruction sets the Topic Register.

    ClearTopic​

    ClearTopic

    The ClearTopic instruction clears the Topic Register.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-summary.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-summary.html index 3e051e593ecc..32fb01c133dc 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-summary.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-summary.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@

    A Journey through XCM

    This section will be a step-by-step, practical introduction to all the features XCM has. We'll create XCMs for a variety of use cases, learning about all the instructions available to us along the way. Let's step right in.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-transact.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-transact.html index 83b2649662ad..77c064723368 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-transact.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-transact.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ OriginKind and specifies how the origin of the call should be interpreted. In the xcm-executor, the origin_kind is used to determine how to convert a MultiLocation origin into a RuntimeOrigin. For more information, -check out the xcm-executor config docs.

    The require_weight_at_most field tells the XCVM executing the call how much +check out the xcm-executor config docs.

    The require_weight_at_most field tells the XCVM executing the call how much weight it can use. If the call uses more weight than the specified require_weight_at_most, the execution of the call fails.

    The call field is of type DoubleEncoded<Call>.

    pub struct DoubleEncoded<T> {
        encoded: Vec<u8>,
        #[codec(skip)]
        decoded: Option<T>,
    }

    XCM is consensus system agnostic; it does not know what is being encoded in the call field. Hence, the field is a byte vector that can be freely interpreted in whatever form possible. However, the @@ -43,14 +43,14 @@ dispatched by the Transact instruction. Important note: The execution of the XCM instruction does not error when the dispatched call errors.

    The status is described by the MaybeErrorCode enum, and can either be a Success, Error or TruncatedError if the length of the error exceeds the MaxDispatchErrorLen. For pallet-based calls, -the Error is represented as the scale encoded Error enum of the called pallet.

    ExpectTransactStatus(MaybeErrorCode)

    pub enum MaybeErrorCode {
        Success,
        Error(BoundedVec<u8, MaxDispatchErrorLen>),
        TruncatedError(BoundedVec<u8, MaxDispatchErrorLen>),
    }

    XCM Executor​

    In this section, we quickly look at how the XCM executor executes the Transact instruction.

    It executes, among other things, the following steps:

    1. Decode the call field into the actual call that we want to dispatch.
    2. Check with the SafeCallFilter on whether the -execution of this call is allowed.
    3. Use the OriginConverter to convert the +the Error is represented as the scale encoded Error enum of the called pallet.

      ExpectTransactStatus(MaybeErrorCode)

      pub enum MaybeErrorCode {
          Success,
          Error(BoundedVec<u8, MaxDispatchErrorLen>),
          TruncatedError(BoundedVec<u8, MaxDispatchErrorLen>),
      }

      XCM Executor​

      In this section, we quickly look at how the XCM executor executes the Transact instruction.

      It executes, among other things, the following steps:

      1. Decode the call field into the actual call that we want to dispatch.
      2. Check with the SafeCallFilter on whether the +execution of this call is allowed.
      3. Use the OriginConverter to convert the MultiLocation origin into a RuntimeOrigin.
      4. Check whether the call weight does not exceed require_weight_at_most.
      5. Dispatch the call with the converted origin and set the transact_status register to be the result of the dispatch.
      6. Calculate the weight that was actually used during the dispatch.

      Example 1​

      For the full example, check the repo.

      In this example, the relay chain executes the set_balance function of pallet_balances on Parachain(1). This function requires the origin to be root. We enable the root origin for the relay chain by setting ParentAsSuperuser for the OriginConverter config type.

      let call = parachain::RuntimeCall::Balances(
          pallet_balances::Call::<parachain::Runtime>::set_balance {
              who: ALICE,
              new_free: 5 * AMOUNT,
              new_reserved: 0,
          },
      );

      let message = Xcm(vec![
          WithdrawAsset((Here, AMOUNT).into()),
          BuyExecution { fees: (Here, AMOUNT).into(), weight_limit: WeightLimit::Unlimited },
          Transact {
              origin_kind: OriginKind::Superuser,
              require_weight_at_most: Weight::from_parts(INITIAL_BALANCE as u64, 1024 * 1024),
              call: call.encode().into(),
          },
      ]);

      Example 2​

      For the full example, check the repo.

      In this example, as Parachain(1), we create an NFT collection on the relay chain and we then mint an -NFT with ID 1. The admin for the nft collection is parachain(1). The call looks as follows:

      let create_collection = relay_chain::RuntimeCall::Uniques(
          pallet_uniques::Call::<relay_chain::Runtime>::create {
              collection: 1u32,
              admin: parachain_sovereign_account_id(1),
          }
      );

      The owner of the NFT is Alice. The nft mint call looks as follows:

      let mint = relay_chain::RuntimeCall::Uniques(
          pallet_uniques::Call::<relay_chain::Runtime>::mint {
              collection: 1u32,
              item: 1u32,
              owner: ALICE,
          }
      );

      The xcm message contains the following instructions:

      1. Withdraw native assets from the Parachain(1)'s sovereign account.
      2. Buy weight with these assets.
      3. Create a collection with as admin and owner the sovereign account of Parachain(1).
      4. Mints an NFT in the collection with item ID 1 and as owner Alice.
      let message = Xcm(vec![
          WithdrawAsset((Here, AMOUNT).into()),
          BuyExecution { fees: (Here, AMOUNT).into(), weight_limit: WeightLimit::Unlimited },
          Transact {
              origin_kind: OriginKind::SovereignAccount,
              require_weight_at_most: Weight::from_parts(INITIAL_BALANCE as u64, 1024 * 1024),
              call: create_collection.encode().into(),
          },
          Transact {
              origin_kind: OriginKind::SovereignAccount,
              require_weight_at_most: Weight::from_parts(INITIAL_BALANCE as u64, 1024 * 1024),
              call: mint.encode().into(),
          },
      ]);

      Next:​

      Check out the following instructions that interact with the Transact Status Register:

      - +NFT with ID 1. The admin for the nft collection is parachain(1). The call looks as follows:

      let create_collection = relay_chain::RuntimeCall::Uniques(
          pallet_uniques::Call::<relay_chain::Runtime>::create {
              collection: 1u32,
              admin: parachain_sovereign_account_id(1),
          }
      );

      The owner of the NFT is Alice. The nft mint call looks as follows:

      let mint = relay_chain::RuntimeCall::Uniques(
          pallet_uniques::Call::<relay_chain::Runtime>::mint {
              collection: 1u32,
              item: 1u32,
              owner: ALICE,
          }
      );

      The xcm message contains the following instructions:

      1. Withdraw native assets from the Parachain(1)'s sovereign account.
      2. Buy weight with these assets.
      3. Create a collection with as admin and owner the sovereign account of Parachain(1).
      4. Mints an NFT in the collection with item ID 1 and as owner Alice.
      let message = Xcm(vec![
          WithdrawAsset((Here, AMOUNT).into()),
          BuyExecution { fees: (Here, AMOUNT).into(), weight_limit: WeightLimit::Unlimited },
          Transact {
              origin_kind: OriginKind::SovereignAccount,
              require_weight_at_most: Weight::from_parts(INITIAL_BALANCE as u64, 1024 * 1024),
              call: create_collection.encode().into(),
          },
          Transact {
              origin_kind: OriginKind::SovereignAccount,
              require_weight_at_most: Weight::from_parts(INITIAL_BALANCE as u64, 1024 * 1024),
              call: mint.encode().into(),
          },
      ]);

      Next:​

      Check out the following instructions that interact with the Transact Status Register:

      + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-version.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-version.html index b2601e450b14..ba3d6bbac8f1 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey-version.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey-version.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ send back its currently AdvertisedVersion and will keep the subscribed location up to date when the version changes. The subscribed location can unsubscribe to version changes by sending the UnsubscribeVersion instruction.

      SubscribeVersion {
          #[codec(compact)]
          query_id: QueryId,
          max_response_weight: Weight,
      }

      UnsubscribeVersion

      Check out the example.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey.html index 43412e5ecee1..3614ea7aac31 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

      A Journey through XCM

      A Practical Introduction to the XCM Features.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers-reserve.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers-reserve.html index dec8d53bf11e..9234945fe135 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers-reserve.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers-reserve.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ It's the sender the one who doesn't need to trust the destination, since it'll ever only be minting derivatives anyway, the sender/reserve controls the real assets and issuance.

      Next steps​

      Next, we'll talk about a very important topic we mentioned before but skipped in this chapter, paying fees for the effects our XCMs have.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers-summary.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers-summary.html index 7f775d889b64..4cfc147dda45 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers-summary.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers-summary.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ paying for execution and depositing the rest to another account on the same system. The full example can be seen in the repo.

      Transferring between systems​

      But what if you want to make a transfer from one system to another? There are two ways of doing this:

      • Asset teleportation
      • Reserve-backed transfers

      We'll be discussing both in the following chapters.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers-teleport.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers-teleport.html index 55a8a6a079c0..cc05f10d5dd6 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers-teleport.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers-teleport.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ another system. We could do so with the following program:

      let message = Xcm(vec![
        WithdrawAsset((GeneralIndex(1), 42u32).into()),
        InitiateTeleport {
          assets: All.into(),
          dest: Parachain(1).into(),
          xcm: Xcm(vec![DepositAsset {
            assets: All.into(),
            beneficiary: Junction::AccountId32 {
              id: ALICE.into(),
              network: None,
            }.into()
          }]),
        },
      ]);

      Very little changes, in fact, only the MultiAsset we're referencing changes, like we would expect. All the teleportation logic stays the same. The example assumes an NFT with index 42 inside a collection with index 1.

      Next steps​

      We'll look at reserve-backed transfers next.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers.html b/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers.html index 4abf293d1912..f1fccaa3953f 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/journey/transfers.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

      Transfers

      Transferring Assets between Consensus Systems with XCM.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/overview-architecture.html b/docs/learn/xcm/overview-architecture.html index f098471db11d..0adaf013a547 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/overview-architecture.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/overview-architecture.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ about later. It's the glue between XCM and FRAME, which is highly used in the Polkadot ecosystem.

      Simulator​

      The simulator allows for testing XCMs fast, without needing to boot up several different nodes in a network, or test in production. It's a very useful tool which we'll use throughout this document to build and test different XCMs.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/overview-format.html b/docs/learn/xcm/overview-format.html index 9262d9d74602..c91991c8f206 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/overview-format.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/overview-format.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ changes. XCM communicates intentions; the actual interpretation and behaviour of each instruction in an XCM is defined by target's XCVM implementation.

      Both simple and more complex scenarios can be expressed, and developers are encouraged to design and implement diverse cross-consensus communication solutions.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/overview-intro.html b/docs/learn/xcm/overview-intro.html index 6c4c70fdd48f..7f2bf9ed5d27 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/overview-intro.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/overview-intro.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ propose changes, which end up in newer versions, the current one being v3. To keep up with the development of the format, or to propose changes, go to the XCM format repository.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/overview-summary.html b/docs/learn/xcm/overview-summary.html index b8acf2bcb9dc..38ffe3bea69c 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/overview-summary.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/overview-summary.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ interactions between them. XCM is meant to be used by developers to package these interactions into their runtime logic before exposing that functionality to end users.

      This chapter will cover what XCM is, what it isn't, and why it matters before exploring the different components that make up the XCM ecosystem.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/overview-xcvm.html b/docs/learn/xcm/overview-xcvm.html index 1b4e46f43ce5..4faa0e65e874 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/overview-xcvm.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/overview-xcvm.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ putting them in and taking them from this register. This register is used by several of the instructions we will look at later, including DepositAsset and WithdrawAsset.

      For more information on other registers, see the All XCVM Registers section.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/overview.html b/docs/learn/xcm/overview.html index f185f08f4748..399edfffc985 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/overview.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/overview.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

      Overview

      Overview of the XCM Documentation.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart-first-look.html b/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart-first-look.html index a8577db8ed6f..97c67b03a092 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart-first-look.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart-first-look.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ examples for every instruction in the journey through XCM chapter. First, it's important to learn the fundamentals, MultiLocation, MultiAsset, and other concepts in XCM. We'll talk about those next.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart-simulator.html b/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart-simulator.html index cd97101942b4..519c68992226 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart-simulator.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart-simulator.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ actually test your XCM-powered solution. We'll get into tools and best practices for testing in the testing chapter.

      We'll use the simulator throughout the documentation to show different XCMs in action. In the next section we will take a first look at an XCM.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart-summary.html b/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart-summary.html index 1d1e4537ccda..0a7d7b61461a 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart-summary.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart-summary.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ installation guide.

      Running the Examples​

      All examples in the documentation are located in the repository. Follow these steps to run the first-look example. First clone the repository:

      git clone git@github.com:paritytech/xcm-docs.git
      cd xcm-docs/examples

      To run the first-look example, run the following line:

      cargo test -p xcm-examples para_a_simple_transfer -- --nocapture

      It should show you the following output:

      running 1 test
      test first_look::tests::para_a_simple_transfer ... ok

      test result: ok. 1 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured; 1 filtered out; finished in 0.01s
      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart.html b/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart.html index a89915fd0d06..7a1732dac706 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/quickstart.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

      Quickstart

      Start Diving into XCM.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/reference-glossary.html b/docs/learn/xcm/reference-glossary.html index c66247923e82..e9aa5febe2be 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/reference-glossary.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/reference-glossary.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ through the relay chain.

      HRMP (Horizontal Message Passing)​

      Transport-layer protocol that allows a parachain to send messages to a sibling parachain going through the relay chain. It's a precursor to XCMP, also known as XCMP-lite. It uses a mixture of UMP and VMP.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/reference-xcvm-registers.html b/docs/learn/xcm/reference-xcvm-registers.html index 64ce6b288ee2..1064ba53bd82 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/reference-xcvm-registers.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/reference-xcvm-registers.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/references.html b/docs/learn/xcm/references.html index db253f14a655..cb3047eba00d 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/references.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/references.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

      References

      References.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/learn/xcm/testing.html b/docs/learn/xcm/testing.html index 8d5be0c4e3c8..68e9e7e154da 100644 --- a/docs/learn/xcm/testing.html +++ b/docs/learn/xcm/testing.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ messaging infrastructure as live networks, as the transport mechanism is being mocked out. Also, consensus related events are not tested, like disputes, staking and iamonline events. To test for these events, parachains can use E2E tests.

      End-to-End testing​

      There are two frameworks being used in the ecosystem to do e2e testing:

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/ledger.html b/docs/ledger.html index 9298c79b10aa..711af6ac8e29 100644 --- a/docs/ledger.html +++ b/docs/ledger.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ automatically detect the developer release and give the option to install the previous stable release.
      4. Polkadot-JS Guides

      If you are an advanced user, see the Polkadot-JS guides about Ledger.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-bootnode.html b/docs/maintain-bootnode.html index c24a30a11671..016b628ea37d 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-bootnode.html +++ b/docs/maintain-bootnode.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ port 30311:

      /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/dot-bootnode

      server {
             listen       30312 ssl http2 default_server;
             server_name  dot-bootnode.stakeworld.io;
             root         /var/www/html;

             ssl_certificate "<your_cert";
             ssl_certificate_key "<your_key>";

             location / {
               proxy_buffers 16 4k;
               proxy_buffer_size 2k;
               proxy_pass http://localhost:30311;
               proxy_http_version 1.1;
               proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
               proxy_set_header Connection "Upgrade";
               proxy_set_header Host $host;
         }

      }

      Testing Bootnode Connection​

      If we have the above node running with DNS name dot-bootnode.stakeworld.io, proxied with a valid certificate and node-id 12D3KooWAb5MyC1UJiEQJk4Hg4B2Vi3AJdqSUhTGYUqSnEqCFMFg then the following commands should give you a: "syncing 1 peers".

      tip

      You can add -lsub-libp2p=trace on the end to get libp2p trace logging for debugging purposes.

      p2p:

      polkadot --chain polkadot --base-path /tmp/node --name "Bootnode testnode" --reserved-only --reserved-nodes "/dns/dot-bootnode.stakeworld.io/tcp/30310/p2p/12D3KooWAb5MyC1UJiEQJk4Hg4B2Vi3AJdqSUhTGYUqSnEqCFMFg" --no-hardware-benchmarks

      p2p/ws:

      polkadot --chain polkadot --base-path /tmp/node --name "Bootnode testnode" --reserved-only --reserved-nodes "/dns/dot-bootnode.stakeworld.io/tcp/30311/ws/p2p/12D3KooWAb5MyC1UJiEQJk4Hg4B2Vi3AJdqSUhTGYUqSnEqCFMFg" --no-hardware-benchmarks

      p2p/wss:

      polkadot --chain polkadot --base-path /tmp/node --name "Bootnode testnode" --reserved-only --reserved-nodes "/dns/dot-bootnode.stakeworld.io/tcp/30312/wss/p2p/12D3KooWAb5MyC1UJiEQJk4Hg4B2Vi3AJdqSUhTGYUqSnEqCFMFg" --no-hardware-benchmarks
      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-endpoints.html b/docs/maintain-endpoints.html index 4856a2087ef0..15ec809d36ed 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-endpoints.html +++ b/docs/maintain-endpoints.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ provide additional services such as higher rate limits, potentially more reliable and scalable service, and additional metrics.

      note

      The list of third party RPC endpoints above for Polkadot and Kusama is directly fetched from Polkdot-JS UI

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-errors.html b/docs/maintain-errors.html index 0319f6217af5..d64c645cfba7 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-errors.html +++ b/docs/maintain-errors.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ will wait to be executed at the correct place in the nonce sequence OR it will get discarded due to some other error (ex. the validity period expires).*

      Error Table​

      The below table is a reference to the errors that exists in Polkadot. It is generated from the runtime's metadata.

      PalletErrorDocumentation
      System (0)
      InvalidSpecName (0)The name of specification does not match between the current runtime and the new runtime.
      SpecVersionNeedsToIncrease (1)The specification version is not allowed to decrease between the current runtime and the new runtime.
      FailedToExtractRuntimeVersion (2)Failed to extract the runtime version from the new runtime. Either calling Core_version or decoding RuntimeVersion failed.
      NonDefaultComposite (3)Suicide called when the account has non-default composite data.
      NonZeroRefCount (4)There is a non-zero reference count preventing the account from being purged.
      Scheduler (1)
      FailedToSchedule (0)Failed to schedule a call
      NotFound (1)Cannot find the scheduled call.
      TargetBlockNumberInPast (2)Given target block number is in the past.
      RescheduleNoChange (3)Reschedule failed because it does not change scheduled time.
      Balances (5)
      VestingBalance (0)Vesting balance too high to send value
      LiquidityRestrictions (1)Account liquidity restrictions prevent withdrawal
      Overflow (2)Got an overflow after adding
      InsufficientBalance (3)Balance too low to send value
      ExistentialDeposit (4)Value too low to create account due to existential deposit
      KeepAlive (5)Transfer/payment would kill account
      ExistingVestingSchedule (6)A vesting schedule already exists for this account
      DeadAccount (7)Beneficiary account must pre-exist
      Authorship (6)
      InvalidUncleParent (0)The uncle parent not in the chain.
      UnclesAlreadySet (1)Uncles already set in the block.
      TooManyUncles (2)Too many uncles.
      GenesisUncle (3)The uncle is genesis.
      TooHighUncle (4)The uncle is too high in chain.
      UncleAlreadyIncluded (5)The uncle is already included.
      OldUncle (6)The uncle isn't recent enough to be included.
      Staking (7)
      NotController (0)Not a controller account.
      NotStash (1)Not a stash account.
      AlreadyBonded (2)Stash is already bonded.
      AlreadyPaired (3)Controller is already paired.
      EmptyTargets (4)Targets cannot be empty.
      DuplicateIndex (5)Duplicate index.
      InvalidSlashIndex (6)Slash record index out of bounds.
      InsufficientValue (7)Can not bond with value less than minimum balance.
      NoMoreChunks (8)Can not schedule more unlock chunks.
      NoUnlockChunk (9)Can not rebond without unlocking chunks.
      FundedTarget (10)Attempting to target a stash that still has funds.
      InvalidEraToReward (11)Invalid era to reward.
      InvalidNumberOfNominations (12)Invalid number of nominations.
      NotSortedAndUnique (13)Items are not sorted and unique.
      AlreadyClaimed (14)Rewards for this era have already been claimed for this validator.
      OffchainElectionEarlySubmission (15)The submitted result is received out of the open window.
      OffchainElectionWeakSubmission (16)The submitted result is not as good as the one stored on chain.
      SnapshotUnavailable (17)The snapshot data of the current window is missing.
      OffchainElectionBogusWinnerCount (18)Incorrect number of winners were presented.
      OffchainElectionBogusWinner (19)One of the submitted winners is not an active candidate on chain (index is out of range in snapshot).
      OffchainElectionBogusCompact (20)Error while building the assignment type from the compact. This can happen if an index is invalid, or if the weights overflow.
      OffchainElectionBogusNominator (21)One of the submitted nominators is not an active nominator on chain.
      OffchainElectionBogusNomination (22)One of the submitted nominators has an edge to which they have not voted on chain.
      OffchainElectionSlashedNomination (23)One of the submitted nominators has an edge which is submitted before the last non-zero slash of the target.
      OffchainElectionBogusSelfVote (24)A self vote must only be originated from a validator to ONLY themselves.
      OffchainElectionBogusEdge (25)The submitted result has unknown edges that are not among the presented winners.
      OffchainElectionBogusScore (26)The claimed score does not match with the one computed from the data.
      OffchainElectionBogusElectionSize (27)The election size is invalid.
      CallNotAllowed (28)The call is not allowed at the given time due to restrictions of election period.
      IncorrectHistoryDepth (29)Incorrect previous history depth input provided.
      IncorrectSlashingSpans (30)Incorrect number of slashing spans provided.
      Session (9)
      InvalidProof (0)Invalid ownership proof.
      NoAssociatedValidatorId (1)No associated validator ID for account.
      DuplicatedKey (2)Registered duplicate key.
      NoKeys (3)No keys are associated with this account.
      Grandpa (11)
      PauseFailed (0)Attempt to signal GRANDPA pause when the authority set isn't live (either paused or already pending pause).
      ResumeFailed (1)Attempt to signal GRANDPA resume when the authority set isn't paused (either live or already pending resume).
      ChangePending (2)Attempt to signal GRANDPA change with one already pending.
      TooSoon (3)Cannot signal forced change so soon after last.
      InvalidKeyOwnershipProof (4)A key ownership proof provided as part of an equivocation report is invalid.
      InvalidEquivocationProof (5)An equivocation proof provided as part of an equivocation report is invalid.
      DuplicateOffenceReport (6)A given equivocation report is valid but already previously reported.
      ImOnline (12)
      InvalidKey (0)Non existent public key.
      DuplicatedHeartbeat (1)Duplicated heartbeat.
      Democracy (14)
      ValueLow (0)Value too low
      ProposalMissing (1)Proposal does not exist
      BadIndex (2)Unknown index
      AlreadyCanceled (3)Cannot cancel the same proposal twice
      DuplicateProposal (4)Proposal already made
      ProposalBlacklisted (5)Proposal still blacklisted
      NotSimpleMajority (6)Next external proposal not simple majority
      InvalidHash (7)Invalid hash
      NoProposal (8)No external proposal
      AlreadyVetoed (9)Identity may not veto a proposal twice
      NotDelegated (10)Not delegated
      DuplicatePreimage (11)Preimage already noted
      NotImminent (12)Not imminent
      TooEarly (13)Too early
      Imminent (14)Imminent
      PreimageMissing (15)Preimage not found
      ReferendumInvalid (16)Vote given for invalid referendum
      PreimageInvalid (17)Invalid preimage
      NoneWaiting (18)No proposals waiting
      NotLocked (19)The target account does not have a lock.
      NotExpired (20)The lock on the account to be unlocked has not yet expired.
      NotVoter (21)The given account did not vote on the referendum.
      NoPermission (22)The actor has no permission to conduct the action.
      AlreadyDelegating (23)The account is already delegating.
      Overflow (24)An unexpected integer overflow occurred.
      Underflow (25)An unexpected integer underflow occurred.
      InsufficientFunds (26)Too high a balance was provided that the account cannot afford.
      NotDelegating (27)The account is not currently delegating.
      VotesExist (28)The account currently has votes attached to it and the operation cannot succeed until these are removed, either through unvote or reap_vote.
      InstantNotAllowed (29)The instant referendum origin is currently disallowed.
      Nonsense (30)Delegation to oneself makes no sense.
      WrongUpperBound (31)Invalid upper bound.
      MaxVotesReached (32)Maximum number of votes reached.
      InvalidWitness (33)The provided witness data is wrong.
      TooManyProposals (34)Maximum number of proposals reached.
      Council (15)
      NotMember (0)Account is not a member
      DuplicateProposal (1)Duplicate proposals not allowed
      ProposalMissing (2)Proposal must exist
      WrongIndex (3)Mismatched index
      DuplicateVote (4)Duplicate vote ignored
      AlreadyInitialized (5)Members are already initialized!
      TooEarly (6)The close call was made too early, before the end of the voting.
      TooManyProposals (7)There can only be a maximum of MaxProposals active proposals.
      WrongProposalWeight (8)The given weight bound for the proposal was too low.
      WrongProposalLength (9)The given length bound for the proposal was too low.
      TechnicalCommittee (16)
      NotMember (0)Account is not a member
      DuplicateProposal (1)Duplicate proposals not allowed
      ProposalMissing (2)Proposal must exist
      WrongIndex (3)Mismatched index
      DuplicateVote (4)Duplicate vote ignored
      AlreadyInitialized (5)Members are already initialized!
      TooEarly (6)The close call was made too early, before the end of the voting.
      TooManyProposals (7)There can only be a maximum of MaxProposals active proposals.
      WrongProposalWeight (8)The given weight bound for the proposal was too low.
      WrongProposalLength (9)The given length bound for the proposal was too low.
      ElectionsPhragmen (17)
      UnableToVote (0)Cannot vote when no candidates or members exist.
      NoVotes (1)Must vote for at least one candidate.
      TooManyVotes (2)Cannot vote more than candidates.
      MaximumVotesExceeded (3)Cannot vote more than maximum allowed.
      LowBalance (4)Cannot vote with stake less than minimum balance.
      UnableToPayBond (5)Voter can not pay voting bond.
      MustBeVoter (6)Must be a voter.
      ReportSelf (7)Cannot report self.
      DuplicatedCandidate (8)Duplicated candidate submission.
      MemberSubmit (9)Member cannot re-submit candidacy.
      RunnerSubmit (10)Runner cannot re-submit candidacy.
      InsufficientCandidateFunds (11)Candidate does not have enough funds.
      NotMember (12)Not a member.
      InvalidCandidateCount (13)The provided count of number of candidates is incorrect.
      InvalidVoteCount (14)The provided count of number of votes is incorrect.
      InvalidRenouncing (15)The renouncing origin presented a wrong Renouncing parameter.
      InvalidReplacement (16)Prediction regarding replacement after member removal is wrong.
      Treasury (19)
      InsufficientProposersBalance (0)Proposer's balance is too low.
      InvalidIndex (1)No proposal or bounty at that index.
      ReasonTooBig (2)The reason given is just too big.
      AlreadyKnown (3)The tip was already found/started.
      UnknownTip (4)The tip hash is unknown.
      NotFinder (5)The account attempting to retract the tip is not the finder of the tip.
      StillOpen (6)The tip cannot be claimed/closed because there are not enough tippers yet.
      Premature (7)The tip cannot be claimed/closed because it's still in the countdown period.
      UnexpectedStatus (8)The bounty status is unexpected.
      RequireCurator (9)Require bounty curator.
      InvalidValue (10)Invalid bounty value.
      InvalidFee (11)Invalid bounty fee.
      PendingPayout (12)A bounty payout is pending. To cancel the bounty, you must unassign and slash the curator.
      Claims (24)
      InvalidEthereumSignature (0)Invalid Ethereum signature.
      SignerHasNoClaim (1)Ethereum address has no claim.
      SenderHasNoClaim (2)Account ID sending tx has no claim.
      PotUnderflow (3)There's not enough in the pot to pay out some unvested amount. Generally implies a logic error.
      InvalidStatement (4)A needed statement was not included.
      VestedBalanceExists (5)The account already has a vested balance.
      Vesting (25)
      NotVesting (0)The account given is not vesting.
      ExistingVestingSchedule (1)An existing vesting schedule already exists for this account that cannot be clobbered.
      AmountLow (2)Amount being transferred is too low to create a vesting schedule.
      Identity (28)
      TooManySubAccounts (0)Too many subs-accounts.
      NotFound (1)Account isn't found.
      NotNamed (2)Account isn't named.
      EmptyIndex (3)Empty index.
      FeeChanged (4)Fee is changed.
      NoIdentity (5)No identity found.
      StickyJudgement (6)Sticky judgement.
      JudgementGiven (7)Judgement given.
      InvalidJudgement (8)Invalid judgement.
      InvalidIndex (9)The index is invalid.
      InvalidTarget (10)The target is invalid.
      TooManyFields (11)Too many additional fields.
      TooManyRegistrars (12)Maximum amount of registrars reached. Cannot add any more.
      AlreadyClaimed (13)Account ID is already named.
      NotSub (14)Sender is not a sub-account.
      NotOwned (15)Sub-account isn't owned by sender.
      Proxy (29)
      TooMany (0)There are too many proxies registered or too many announcements pending.
      NotFound (1)Proxy registration not found.
      NotProxy (2)Sender is not a proxy of the account to be proxied.
      Unproxyable (3)A call which is incompatible with the proxy type's filter was attempted.
      Duplicate (4)Account is already a proxy.
      NoPermission (5)Call may not be made by proxy because it may escalate its privileges.
      Unannounced (6)Announcement, if made at all, was made too recently.
      Multisig (30)
      MinimumThreshold (0)Threshold must be 2 or greater.
      AlreadyApproved (1)Call is already approved by this signatory.
      NoApprovalsNeeded (2)Call doesn't need any (more) approvals.
      TooFewSignatories (3)There are too few signatories in the list.
      TooManySignatories (4)There are too many signatories in the list.
      SignatoriesOutOfOrder (5)The signatories were provided out of order; they should be ordered.
      SenderInSignatories (6)The sender was contained in the other signatories; it shouldn't be.
      NotFound (7)Multisig operation not found when attempting to cancel.
      NotOwner (8)Only the account that originally created the multisig is able to cancel it.
      NoTimepoint (9)No timepoint was given, yet the multisig operation is already underway.
      WrongTimepoint (10)A different timepoint was given to the multisig operation that is underway.
      UnexpectedTimepoint (11)A timepoint was given, yet no multisig operation is underway.
      WeightTooLow (12)The maximum weight information provided was too low.
      AlreadyStored (13)The data to be stored is already stored.
      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-async-backing.html b/docs/maintain-guides-async-backing.html index a0d97912aa40..f2a876b23b12 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-async-backing.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-async-backing.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ Relay block number is kept track of by each parachain in pallet-parachain-system with the storage value LastRelayChainBlockNumber. This value can be obtained and used wherever timing based on block number is needed.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-avoid-slashing.html b/docs/maintain-guides-avoid-slashing.html index 707885acc202..9b330bc51e83 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-avoid-slashing.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-avoid-slashing.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ obtain pristine binaries or source code and to ensure the security of their node:

      1. Always download either source files or binaries from the official Parity repository
      2. Verify the hash of downloaded files.
      3. Use the W3F secure validator setup or adhere to its principles
      4. Ensure essential security items are checked, use a firewall, manage user access, use SSH certificates
      5. Avoid using your server as a general-purpose system. Hosting a validator on your workstation or one that hosts other services increases the risk of maleficence.

      Examples​

      NetworkEraEvent TypeDetailsAction Taken
      Polkadot774Small EquivocationThe validator migrated servers and cloned the keystore folder. The on-chain event can be viewed here.The validator did not submit a request for the slash to be canceled.
      Kusama3329Small EquivocationThe validator operated a test machine with cloned keys; the test machine was online at the same time as the primary, which resulted in a slash. Details can be found here.The validator requested a cancellation of the slash, but the council declined.
      Kusama3995Small EquivocationThe validator noticed several errors, after which the client crashed, and a slash was applied. The validator recorded all events and opened GitHub issues to allow for technical opinions to be shared. Details can be found here.The validator requested to cancel the slash. The council approved the request as they believed the error was not operator related.
      Kusama4543Medium UnresponsivenessA large amount of disputes flooded the network resulting in an application fault. The fault caused the client software to hang and as a result ~197 unique validators become unresponsive. Further details can be found here.The pending slash was cancelled and with runtime 9350 all lost nominations were restored. The application bug was addressed with client version 0.9.36
      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-democracy.html b/docs/maintain-guides-democracy.html index d92b8c5cab22..b3f2d4c09e1f 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-democracy.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-democracy.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ a decimal integer. The bitfield stores both the conviction and aye/nay boolean, where the boolean is represented using the MSB of the byte. This would mean that the grouping of the 7 remaining bits is used to store the conviction.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-chill.html b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-chill.html index fe254d799e1d..efb50084dee4 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-chill.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-chill.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ Polkadot is set to None eliminating the upper bound on the number of nominators on the network. Due to this, the chillOther extrinsic on Polkadot network has no effect as the chill threshold will never be met.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-join-council.html b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-join-council.html index 9c913134d2da..4b741ace5b7a 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-join-council.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-join-council.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ the row "Members".

      council members list

      Now you are able to participate on the council by making motions or voting proposals. To join in on the active discussions, join the Polkadot Direction channel.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-monitor-your-node.html b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-monitor-your-node.html index 2173aff9bab3..b90124fbb51d 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-monitor-your-node.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-monitor-your-node.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ here. There are other interesting alerts you may find useful here.

      groups:
        - name: alert_rules
          rules:
            - alert: InstanceDown
              expr: up == 0
              for: 5m
              labels:
                severity: critical
              annotations:
                summary: "Instance [{{ $labels.instance }}] down"
                description: "[{{ $labels.instance }}] of job [{{ $labels.job }}] has been down for more than 1 minute."

      Change the ownership of this file to prometheus instead of root by running:

      sudo chown prometheus:prometheus rules.yml

      To check the rules defined in the "rules.yml" is syntactically correct, run the following command:

      sudo -u prometheus promtool check rules rules.yml

      Finally, restart everything by running:

      sudo systemctl restart prometheus && sudo systemctl restart alertmanager

      Now if one of your target instances down, you will receive an alert on the AlertManager and Gmail like below.

      grafana-am-6

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-nominate-kusama.html b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-nominate-kusama.html index 24ae4672e91b..71f1883d5fc9 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-nominate-kusama.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-nominate-kusama.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ Polkascan. Also, you can verify the bonding state under the Staking page on the Polkadot-JS Apps Dashboard.

      Step 3. Nominate a validator​

      To nominate a validator, you can execute the following command:

      polkadot-js-api --seed "MNEMONIC_PHRASE" tx.staking.nominate '["VALIDATOR_ADDRESS"]' --ws WS_ENDPOINT
      polkadot-js-api --seed "xxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxx" tx.staking.nominate '["CmD9vaMYoiKe7HiFnfkftwvhKbxN9bhyjcDrfFRGbifJEG8","E457XaKbj2yTB2URy8N4UuzmyuFRkcdxYs67UvSgVr7HyFb"]' --ws wss://kusama-rpc.polkadot.io/

      After a few seconds, you should see the hash of the transaction and if you would like to verify the nomination status, you can check that on the Polkadot-JS UI as well.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-nominate-polkadot.html b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-nominate-polkadot.html index ca9ac2b45af7..8d0d6500f15d 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-nominate-polkadot.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-nominate-polkadot.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ Polkascan. Also, you can verify the bonding state under the Staking page on the Polkadot-JS Apps Dashboard.

      Step 3. Nominate a validator​

      To nominate a validator, you can execute the following command:

      polkadot-js-api --seed "MNEMONIC_PHRASE" tx.staking.nominate '["VALIDATOR_ADDRESS"]' --ws WS_ENDPOINT
      polkadot-js-api --seed "xxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxx" tx.staking.nominate '["CmD9vaMYoiKe7HiFnfkftwvhKbxN9bhyjcDrfFRGbifJEG8","E457XaKbj2yTB2URy8N4UuzmyuFRkcdxYs67UvSgVr7HyFb"]' --ws wss://rpc.polkadot.io

      After a few seconds, you should see the hash of the transaction, and if you would like to verify the nomination status, you can check that on the Polkadot-JS UI as well.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-stop-validating.html b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-stop-validating.html index 38349094b2bc..2851c00530fb 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-stop-validating.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-stop-validating.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ transfer your tokens.

      See Unbonding and Rebonding for more details.

      Unbond your tokens​

      Unbonding your tokens can be done through the Network > Staking > Account actions page in PolkadotJS Apps by clicking the corresponding stash account dropdown and selecting "Unbond funds". This can also be done through the staking.unbond() extrinsic with the staking proxy account.

      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-systemd.html b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-systemd.html index 6f81bf31b073..a3b06bd30364 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-systemd.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-systemd.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ not recognize votes that didn't make it to disk, and will then cast conflicting votes. Delaying the restart will allow the network to progress past potentially conflicting votes, at which point other nodes will not accept them.

      To enable this to autostart on bootup run:

      systemctl enable polkadot-validator.service

      Start it manually with:

      systemctl start polkadot-validator.service

      You can check that it's working with:

      systemctl status polkadot-validator.service

      You can tail the logs with journalctl like so:

      journalctl -f -u polkadot-validator
      - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-upgrade.html b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-upgrade.html index 81fde02edf97..06b07a7cb764 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-upgrade.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-upgrade.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Validator A.
    4. Take note of the Session that this extrinsic was executed in.

    Again, it is imperative that Validator B is kept running until the current session finishes and two further full sessions have elapsed.

    Once this time has elapsed, Validator A will take over. You can safely stop Validator B.

    NOTE: To verify that the Session has changed, make sure that a block in the new Session is finalized. You should see log messages like the ones below to confirm the change:

    2019-10-28 21:44:13 Applying authority set change scheduled at block #450092
    2019-10-28 21:44:13 Applying GRANDPA set change to new set with 20 authorities
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-validate-kusama.html b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-validate-kusama.html index e394e1991cd0..c448385dec81 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-validate-kusama.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-validate-kusama.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ validator payout document.

    Run a Kusama Validator​

    Running a validator on the Kusama network is identical to running a Polkadot validator. Check out the Polkadot guide on how to setup a validator.

    Make sure to adjust the Polkadot guide to run a Kusama network validator (the instructions will also be available in the Polkadot Validator guide):

    • When starting the node pass --chain=kusama CLI flag
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-validate-polkadot.html b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-validate-polkadot.html index c581593ff3b6..0e757dd9c98d 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-validate-polkadot.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-validate-polkadot.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ instance, Digital Ocean lists "Mining of Cryptocurrencies" under the Network Abuse section of their Acceptable Use Policy and requires explicit permission to do so. This may extend to other cryptocurrency activity.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-vote-councillor.html b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-vote-councillor.html index 523bd0556c80..344880f49081 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-vote-councillor.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-how-to-vote-councillor.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Polkadot-JS Apps Dashboard.

    Under the "Council overview" tab, click on "Vote".

    polkadotjs_removeVoter

    Issue the "Unvote all" option.

    When the transaction is included in a block you should have your reserved tokens made liquid again and your vote will no longer be counting for any councillors in the elections starting in the next term.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-secure-validator.html b/docs/maintain-guides-secure-validator.html index 95ad53d0bc45..a26b4c1cc2fd 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-secure-validator.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-secure-validator.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ hardware. The provisioning of the validator machine should be automated and defined in code. This code should be kept in private version control, reviewed, audited, and tested.

  • Session keys should be generated and provided in a secure way.

  • Polkadot should be started at boot and restarted if stopped for any reason (supervisor process).

  • Polkadot should run as a non-root user.

    • Monitoring​

    • There should be an on-call rotation for managing the alerts.

    • There should be a clear protocol with actions to perform for each level of each alert and an escalation policy.

    Resources​

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-society-kusama.html b/docs/maintain-guides-society-kusama.html index 1e1443dcf861..bd9222c09e47 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-society-kusama.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-society-kusama.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ extrinsic's parameters go to Element 1 ("proposal") -> "value" -> "params" -> Element 2 ("rules") and copy the value corresponding to the key "value". You can use a hex-to-UTF8 converter to then display the text. Note that the text is formatted with Markdown.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-validator-community.html b/docs/maintain-guides-validator-community.html index a26eafec054a..e0db4baecf36 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-validator-community.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-validator-community.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ monitoring, observability services, staking dashboards, wallets, command-line utilities, or porting implementations to other languages. Additionally, this may also be eligible to be funded via a Web3 Foundation Grant.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-guides-validator-payout.html b/docs/maintain-guides-validator-payout.html index 4b4e648dcd74..04225faa93c6 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-guides-validator-payout.html +++ b/docs/maintain-guides-validator-payout.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ brackets ([]) next to each validator. Note that since the validator payment is public knowledge, having a low or non-existent validator payment may attract more stake from nominators, since they know they will receive a larger reward.

    Validator Set Size (v): 4
    Validator 1 Stake (v1) [20% commission]: 18 DOT (9 validator, 9 nominator)
    Validator 2 Stake (v2) [40% commission]:  9 DOT (3 validator, 6 nominator)
    Validator 3 Stake (v3) [10% commission]:  8 DOT (4 validator, 4 nominator)
    Validator 4 Stake (v4) [ 0% commission]:  6 DOT (1 validator, 5 nominator)
    Payout (p): 8 DOT

    Payout for each validator (v1 - v4):
    p / v = 8 / 4 = 2 DOT

    v1:
    (0.2 * 2) = 0.4 DOT -> validator payment
    (2 - 0.4) = 1.6 -> shared between all stake
    (9 / 18) * 1.6 = 0.8 -> validator stake share
    (9 / 18) * 1.6 = 0.8 -> nominator stake share
    v1 validator total reward: 0.4 + 0.8 = 1.2 DOT
    v1 nominator reward: 0.8 DOT

    v2:
    (0.4 * 2) = 0.8 DOT -> validator payment
    (2 - 0.8) = 1.2 -> shared between all stake
    (3 / 9) * 1.2 = 0.4 -> validator stake share
    (6 / 9) * 1.2 = 0.8 -> nominator stake share
    v2 validator total reward: 0.8 + 0.4 = 1.2 DOT
    v2 nominator reward: 0.8 DOT

    v3:
    (0.1 * 2) = 0.2 DOT -> validator payment
    (2 - 0.2) = 1.8 -> shared between all stake
    (4 / 8) * 1.8 = 0.9 -> validator stake share
    (4 / 8) * 1.8 = 0.9 -> nominator stake share
    v3 validator total reward: 0.2 + 0.9 DOT = 1.1 DOT
    v3 nominator reward: 0.9 DOT

    v4:
    (0 * 2) = 0 DOT -> validator payment
    (2 - 0) = 2.0 -> shared between all stake
    (1 / 6) * 2 = 0.33 -> validator stake share
    (5 / 6) * 2 = 1.67 -> nominator stake share
    v4 validator total reward: 0 + 0.33 DOT = 0.33 DOT
    v4 nominator reward: 1.67 DOT
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-index.html b/docs/maintain-index.html index 9c223b25075d..e63228e20a0b 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-index.html +++ b/docs/maintain-index.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ participate in governance.
  • How to join the Council - Step by step guide for running for the Council.
  • How to vote for a Councillor - Step by step guide for voting for your favorite councillors.
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-networks.html b/docs/maintain-networks.html index ce7d7cda0b17..e3055b308072 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-networks.html +++ b/docs/maintain-networks.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ the public Telemetry service.

    You can verify that your node is connected by navigating to the correct network on the dashboard and finding the name of your node.

    There is a built-in search function on the nodes page. Simply start typing keystrokes in the main window to make it available.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-polkadot-parameters.html b/docs/maintain-polkadot-parameters.html index 64a71fda9649..b2342e38e2fc 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-polkadot-parameters.html +++ b/docs/maintain-polkadot-parameters.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@

    PolkadotTimeSlotsDescription
    Term duration1 Day14_400The time for which a validator is in the set after being elected. Note, this duration can be shortened in the case that a validator misbehaves.
    Nomination period1 Day14_400How often a new validator set is elected according to Phragmén's method.
    Bonding duration28 days403_200How long until your funds will be transferrable after unbonding. Note that the bonding duration is defined in eras, not directly by slots.
    Slash defer duration28 days403_200Prevents overslashing and validators "escaping" and getting their nominators slashed with no repercussions to themselves. Note that the bonding duration is defined in eras, not directly by slots.

    Parachains​

    Crowdloans and AuctionsTimeSlotsDescription
    Auction duration7 days100_800The total duration of the slot auction, subject to the candle auction mechanism.
    Opening period2 days28_800The opening period of the slot auction.
    Ending period5 days72_000The ending period of the slot auction.
    Parachain SlotTimeSlotsDescription
    Lease period12 weeks1_209_600The length of one lease period in a parachain slot.
    Total slot duration2 years10_512_000The maximum duration a parachain can lease by winning a slot auction (8 lease periods).

    Treasury​

    TreasuryTimeSlotsDescription
    Periods between spends24 days345_600When the treasury can spend again after spending previously.

    Burn percentage is currently 1.00%.

    Precision​

    DOT have 10 decimals of precision. In other words, 10 ** 10 (10_000_000_000 or ten billion) Plancks make up a DOT.

    The denomination of DOT was changed from 12 decimals of precision at block #1,248,328 in an event known as Denomination Day. See Redenomination for details.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-rpc.html b/docs/maintain-rpc.html index 711bbaa7a8fb..7aee1307c1ff 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-rpc.html +++ b/docs/maintain-rpc.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ node. Activate the "Development" toggle and input your node's address - either the domain or the IP address. Remember to prefix with wss://, and if you're using the 443 port, append :443 like so: wss://example.com:443.

    A sync-in-progress chain connected to Polkadot-JS UI

    Now you have a secure remote connect setup for your Substrate node.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-sync.html b/docs/maintain-sync.html index c301dfd48ccb..ed014eaee875 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-sync.html +++ b/docs/maintain-sync.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ on localhost by default. If you would like to connect to your node's services (rpc, and prometheus) you need to ensure that you run you node with the --rpc-external, and --prometheus-external commands.

    docker run -p 9944:9944 -p 9615:9615 parity/polkadot:v0.9.13 --name "calling_home_from_a_docker_container" --rpc-external --prometheus-external
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/maintain-wss.html b/docs/maintain-wss.html index a339e621b651..ba415ddc8581 100644 --- a/docs/maintain-wss.html +++ b/docs/maintain-wss.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ node. Activate the "Development" toggle and input your node's address - either the domain or the IP address. Remember to prefix with wss:// and if you're using the 443 port, append :443, like so: wss://example.com:443.

    A sync-in-progress chain connected to Polkadot-JS UI

    Now you have a secure remote connect setup for your Substrate node.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/metadata.html b/docs/metadata.html index 556395338ac5..dfacca9a4cd0 100644 --- a/docs/metadata.html +++ b/docs/metadata.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ The dropdown below allows you to update the chain selection to visualize. You can search all sub-categories using the provided search field. The information is categorized by the chains Pallets, RPC and Runtime information.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/multisig-apps.html b/docs/multisig-apps.html index 1adca397e4cb..63fdf9e1fee7 100644 --- a/docs/multisig-apps.html +++ b/docs/multisig-apps.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ adding and removing signatories or adjusting the threshold is now possible without creating new multisigs and Multix provides an intuitive interface to work with pure proxies.

    The pure proxy setup used by MultiX can be seen on the pure proxy page.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/parachains-apps.html b/docs/parachains-apps.html index db9508fb3ec3..434dd24c41b4 100644 --- a/docs/parachains-apps.html +++ b/docs/parachains-apps.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ tokens (LST) “vTokens”, as well as remote exchange, and swapping of vTokens from any chain. The DApp aims to simplify the cross-chain experience by providing a seamless interface for users to interact with vTokens across different chains natively.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/polkadot-direction.html b/docs/polkadot-direction.html index d24493dd6bfa..74262399cdc0 100644 --- a/docs/polkadot-direction.html +++ b/docs/polkadot-direction.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ decentralizing the network is ensuring experts on which the maintenance of the system relies upon are incentivized and recruited over time by the Polkadot network and not by organizations within the Polkadot ecosystem.
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/polkadot-v1.html b/docs/polkadot-v1.html index 637f79b37af8..e9842e1c18be 100644 --- a/docs/polkadot-v1.html +++ b/docs/polkadot-v1.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ could become.

    Polkadot is perfecting its implementation through RFCs to continue being a decentralized, secure, ubiquitous computing engine to power the next generation of Web3 applications.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/polkadot-vault.html b/docs/polkadot-vault.html index b9bc5629bb60..b73ee802b6d1 100644 --- a/docs/polkadot-vault.html +++ b/docs/polkadot-vault.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ this article for detailed instructions. If you choose this approach, you should trust the provider you choose.

    Polkadot-JS Guides

    If you are an advanced user, see the Polkadot-JS guides about Polkadot Vault.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/polkadot-vision-index.html b/docs/polkadot-vision-index.html index cfc57f772d7b..df93c8869730 100644 --- a/docs/polkadot-vision-index.html +++ b/docs/polkadot-vision-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Polkadot Vision

    Polkadot's Vision revealed by Gavin Wood at Decoded 2023.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/polkadotjs-ui.html b/docs/polkadotjs-ui.html index 9910c56f5587..1db36a3232eb 100644 --- a/docs/polkadotjs-ui.html +++ b/docs/polkadotjs-ui.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ nomination pool settings (nomination and roles) and use non-transfer proxies, destroy assets, and much more.

    Beginner's Guide to Polkadot-JS​

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/polkadotjs.html b/docs/polkadotjs.html index 9ae3eb6b1a89..b6ab5efb4384 100644 --- a/docs/polkadotjs.html +++ b/docs/polkadotjs.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ of spam prevention, whereas signed transactions are issued by the originator account of a transaction which contains a signature of that account, which will be subject to a fee to include it on the chain.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/programmes-index.html b/docs/programmes-index.html index 6f6326e8b9f7..8fa5b10f01a6 100644 --- a/docs/programmes-index.html +++ b/docs/programmes-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Programmes

    Learn about different programmes and initiatives within the Polkadot and Kusama ecosystems.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/research.html b/docs/research.html index 80f166f1d482..19ff50b7328d 100644 --- a/docs/research.html +++ b/docs/research.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ – Gives an outline of Nominated Proof of Stake in Polkadot. Author: Alfonzo Cevallos
  • Messaging Protocol Workshop Outcomes – An initiative to design and implement a privacy-preserving communication system for decentralized applications.
    • - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/staking-apps.html b/docs/staking-apps.html index ec4fa9ebe53b..028cc79eac6d 100644 --- a/docs/staking-apps.html +++ b/docs/staking-apps.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ (MCDA) as a base for the analytical research. MCDA is an open and transparent approach for evaluating numerous conflicting traits in the decision-making process. For the analysis, validator data is collected at the last block of every session.

    source: https://github.com/turboflakes/apps

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/staking-dashboard.html b/docs/staking-dashboard.html index c0998abc25d5..cab138f06362 100644 --- a/docs/staking-dashboard.html +++ b/docs/staking-dashboard.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ feature request. We take your feedback seriously, do not hesitate to contact us.

    Network​

    Under Network, you can connect to either Polkadot, Kusama, or Westend through public RPC nodes or light clients for a true Web3 experience. For more information about light clients, see this page.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/start-building.html b/docs/start-building.html index ceca222b3ef4..f4612decec36 100644 --- a/docs/start-building.html +++ b/docs/start-building.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ and the original Polkadot Forum post.

    Polkadot SDK​

    info

    For more information about building on Polkadot, see the Builder's Guide.

    The Polkadot Software Development Kit (SDK) includes all the tools needed to build on the Polkadot ecosystem. The main repositories include:

    The programming language used for development is Rust.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/stay-safe-index.html b/docs/stay-safe-index.html index 72fc3543b44f..1243542fdd75 100644 --- a/docs/stay-safe-index.html +++ b/docs/stay-safe-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Stay Safe

    Learn about good-practices to stay safe while surfing in Web3.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/thousand-contributors.html b/docs/thousand-contributors.html index 7b57e59306e0..63e8982a9fa9 100644 --- a/docs/thousand-contributors.html +++ b/docs/thousand-contributors.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ the account shared with us.

    Submission reviews​

    The review process follows the present pipeline in the 1KC public GitHub project.

    Learn more about the program and its components on the official 1KC repository

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/thousand-validators.html b/docs/thousand-validators.html index e9e03b34edb1..8a3cf270f23d 100644 --- a/docs/thousand-validators.html +++ b/docs/thousand-validators.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ things time to resolve; if they don't, leave a message in the dedicated matrix room or open an issue on GitHub.
  • The 1000 validators website is not up to date? See these resources for more up-to-date information.

    • Resources​

    To extract and display the 1KV Program scores there are various tools listed below.

    ResourceGithub sourceInfo
    Main 1KV sitegithubMain site and 1KV backend.
    SubVT telegram bot for polkadot and kusamagithubTelegram bot with overviews and alerts for various polkadot and kusama related events, including 1KV events.
    SubVT ios and android appgithubSubVT app version for mobile phones.
    Validator earnings overviewgithubOverview of validators' earnings.
    Math Crypto's Insightsgithub1KV-oriented scoring overview of Kusama and Polkadot.
    One-T for polkadot and kusamagithubA performance report bot for the Polkadot and Kusama network with special focus on the 1KV programme.
    One-T parachains overviewgithubOne-T's parachain overview.
    Metaspan's 1KV overviewgithubOverview of 1KV programme, including the newly introduced endpoints, see here for available endpoints.
    Decentradot's 1KV overviewgithubOverview of the 1KV programme, including the newly introduced endpoints.
    Hirish 1KV overviewgithub?Overview of the 1KV Programme.
    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/wallets-and-extensions.html b/docs/wallets-and-extensions.html index 04baa2cae4ce..5f307bd48ff4 100644 --- a/docs/wallets-and-extensions.html +++ b/docs/wallets-and-extensions.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ your accounts on over 150+ Substrate and EVM networks. NFT Management, ledger Support, fiat On-ramp, portfolio tracking. Talisman received funding from Polkadot Treasury [1].

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/wallets-index.html b/docs/wallets-index.html index 40dad98dd7a4..a446f1a431dd 100644 --- a/docs/wallets-index.html +++ b/docs/wallets-index.html @@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ - +

    Wallets

    Explore the different wallets and applications in the Polkadot and Kusama ecosystems.

    - + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/web3-and-polkadot.html b/docs/web3-and-polkadot.html index 5e63724c8e9e..0cb6a65c2646 100644 --- a/docs/web3-and-polkadot.html +++ b/docs/web3-and-polkadot.html @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ - + @@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ all blockchains attached to it. For more information, see the Polkadot 1.0 page and the section about XCM and Accords in Polkadot Direction page.

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    Explore

    Explore Wallets, Applications and Programmes within the Polkadot Ecosystem.

    Learn

    Learn about Polkadot and how it provides Shared Security and Secure Interoperability to its Parachains.

    Build

    Most up-to-date Information on the Status of the Development Tools in the Polkadot Ecosystem.

    Maintain

    Information and Guides on how to Deploy a Node and Run the Network.

    Learn about Polkadot’s canary network Kusama

    Kusama is Polkadot’s “canary network”, a scalable, multi-chain network for radical innovation and early stage Polkadot deployments. For developers, Kusama is a proving ground for all things Polkadot I.e runtime upgrades, on-chain governance, parachains, parathreads, etc.

    language

    Help improve this wiki

    This wiki was started by and is maintained by Web3 Foundation. It is an open-source-ish project and aims to be the most extensive resource of knowledge on Polkadot and the Polkadot ecosystem.

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    Search the documentation

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