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vim_notes.md

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Vim Notes

File management

  • :e filename` opens an existing or new file

Working with Tabs

  • In cli vim -p file1 file2... filen opens multiple files in tab
  • :tabe opens a file in a new tab
  • gt goes forward one tab
  • gT goes back one tab
  • :tabm position moves current tab to a given position in the tab order
  • :help tabp brings up tab help page

Working with split view

  • :split filename opens file in a new split window (horizontally)
  • :vsplit filename opens file in a new split window (vertically)
  • ctrl + w + l and ctrl + w +h move between windows
  • :on closes all windows except the current window
  • :windo command will run a command in all open windows

Text editing

  • :t. will duplicate a line
  • ctrl + p will autocomplete a word
  • o adds a new line below cursor and starts insert there
  • O adds a new line above cursor and starts insert there
  • gi goes back to last place you were in insert mode
  • gq will reformat text
  • gqip will reformat a paragraph
  • gv to select last selected area
  • g; moves to previous change
  • g, moves to next change
  • ctrl + o n executes normal mode command n from insert mode (good for macros)
  • ctrl + v enters Visual Block Mode.
  • = auto indents visually selected lines
  • J will combine the next line with the current line

Macros

  • Creating a macro:
    • Type q plus a letter (which register to record to)
    • Type the keystrokes to record
    • Type q to stop recording
    • Type @ plus the letter for the register
    • Type @@ to re-run the macro
  • :5,10norm! @a will run macro a on lines 5 through 10
  • :%norm! @a will run macro a on all lines
  • :g/pattern/normal! @a will run macro a on all lines matching pattern
  • 5@a will run macro a five times

Buffers

  • :ls to show all buffers

Registers

  • Refer to a register with " plus its letter or number
  • "ayy will copy a line to register a
  • "ap will paste from register a
  • "Ayy will copy a line and append it to register a
  • :reg shows the content of all registers
  • :reg num_or_letter shows contents of a specific register
  • The blackhole register is named with an underscore (can truly delete text when writing it here)

Indenting

  • >> Indents line
  • << Unindents line
  • num>> indents num lines

Text deleting

  • x deletes the current character
  • dd deletes the current line
  • dtCHAR deletes everything up to the nearest occurrence of CHAR

Find & replace

  • :%s/search_value/replace_value/g will replace all occurrences of search_value with replace_value
  • q/ brings up a command window with recent searches

Navigation

  • $ goes to end of line
  • 0 (zero) goes to beginning of line
  • w moves forward a word
  • moves backward a word
  • L goes to the bottom of the screen
  • H goes to the top of the screen
  • } goes forward one paragraph
  • line_numberG goes to a specific line number
  • ctrl + b moves up one page
  • ctrl + f moves down one page
  • ctrl + e scrolls down one line
  • ctrl + y scrolls up one line
  • ctrl + z to switch back to shell (then fg to bring VIM back)
  • ctrl + i goes to next jump location
  • ctrl + o goes to previous jump location
  • ctrl + ] jumps to definition via ctags
  • zz to center current line in middle of screen

Cut, copy, & paste

  • v starts selecting characters
  • V starts selecting whole lines
  • d cuts selection
  • y copies selection
  • p pastes after cursor
  • P pastes before cursor
  • VNUMJ selects NUM lines downward

Marks

  • m plus lowercase letter sets mark to that letter for current file.
  • ' plus letter goes to that mark
  • :marks shows existing marks

Spell Check

  • zg adds word to dictionary when it's marked as misspelled.
  • z= brings up correction suggestions when on misspelled word.
  • ]s goes to next misspelled word.
  • [s goes to previous misspelled word.

Commands

  • :so $MYVIMRC reloads your ~/.vimrc
  • :call ReloadAllSnippets() reloads all SnipMate snippets
  • :qa quit all open files
  • :set filetype? shows the filetype of the currently open file
  • :! shell_command to execute a shell command from within VIM
  • :SyntasticInfo to see linter used for current file.
  • q: brings up a command window with recent commands
  • :cq force-quits Vim w/ a non-zero status (good for aborting process that started Vim).
  • :argdo command executes command on every open buffer.
  • :retab replaces tabs in a file w/ your configured indentation.

Plugins

AndrewRadev/splitjoin.vim

  • gS to split a one-liner into multiple lines
  • gJ (with the cursor on the first line of a block) to join a block into a single-line statement.