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<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-8">
<h3>
<small>Testbeds</small>
<br/>Freie Universität Berlin (FUB)
</h3>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-8">
<div class="alert alert-warning" role="alert">
Please note that the WISEBED project ended in May 2011. Some but not all of the testbeds are still
operational and some but not all of the software solutions are still being developed. The information
below reflects the testbed state at the end of the WISEBED project.
</div>
<div class="alert alert-success" role="alert">
<p>
The FUB testbed however is still being actively used by experimenters, maintained. For more
up-to-date information on this testbed please visit
<a href="http://www.des-testbed.net/">http://www.des-testbed.net/</a>.
</p>
</div>
<h4>Testbed Description</h4>
<p>
The DES-Testbed is a hybrid wireless network testbed located on the campus of the Freie Universität
Berlin. DES-Testbed comprises of 100 hybrid DES-Nodes consisting of a wireless mesh and a wireless
sensor network as shown in Figure below. The network of mesh outers, called DES-Mesh nodes are deployed
to act as a backbone and to facilitate the DES-WSN nodes. DES-WSN consists of a MSB-A2, with temperature
and humidity sensors. Currently, DES-Testbed consists of 110 DES-Nodes with plans for future extensions.
The objective of DES-Testbed is to provide a testbed to the user for development and evaluation of
different algorithms, for WSN and WMN, using experimentation.
</p>
<h4>DES-WMN</h4>
<p>
The mesh routers are based on the PC Engines <a href="http://www.pcengines.ch/alix2d2.htm">Alix2c2/Alix2d2</a>
and <a href="http://www.pcengines.ch/alix3d2.htm">Alix3d2</a> embedded PC boards with the following
features:
</p>
<table class="table table-condensed">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>CPU</td>
<td>500 MHz AMD Geode LX800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DRAM</td>
<td>256 MB DDR DRAM</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ethernet</td>
<td>2 Ports</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align: top">Expansion</td>
<td>
2 Mini PCI slots<br/>
2 USB 2.0 ports
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Storage</td>
<td>CompactFlash socket</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Enclosure</td>
<td>Custom</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>
Each router is equipped with three or more IEEE 802.11a/b/g network interface cards (NICs).
Currently, we use one LogiLink WL0025 dongle based on the RT2501U architecture with an RT2571W
BB/MAC IC and RT2528 RF IC. This NIC features an on-board R-SMA connector and a 4 dBi Hi-Gain
antenna. The antennas are mounted at the side panels of the router using extension cables.
Additionally, all mesh routers are equipped with two Atheros-based MiniPCI cards (WLM54SAG)
connected with <a href="http://www.pcengines.ch/antsmadb.htm">dual-band antennas</a>. The indoor
nodes use a custom case that is manufactured at Freie Universität Berlin.
</p>
<img src="img/testbed-fub-1.png" width="300" height="293" class="img-rounded img-bordered"/>
<p>
10 outdoor nodes are currently being deployed. They use the weather-proof
<a href="http://www.pcengines.ch/case2c4.htm" target="_blank">4A2E kit</a> and special
<a href="http://www.pcengines.ch/antnr.htm" target="_blank">outdoor antennas</a>.
</p>
<img src="img/testbed-fub-2.png" width="300" height="169" class="img-rounded img-bordered"/>
<p>
The primary Ethernet port of all nodes is used to boot the operating system over the network and to
mount the root file system. The mesh routers have no need for local persistent memory and store
their data on a central server. The mesh routers mainly are mains powered, but in locations that
lack access to the power supply system, Power over Ethernet (PoE) adapters are used.
</p>
<h4>DES-WSN</h4>
<p>
Each mesh router is equipped with a <a href="ftp://ftp.inf.fu-berlin.de/pub/reports/tr-b-08-15.pdf">MSB-A2</a>
sensor node (developed at Freie Universität Berlin) that is connected via a USB cable which provides
power supply and is used to write firmware images to the flash memory.
</p>
<img src="img/testbed-fub-3.png" width="300" height="126" class="img-rounded img-bordered"/>
<p>
The MSB-A2 sensor nodes use an <a href="http://www.nxp.com/pip/LPC2387_3.html">LPC2387</a>
microcontroller produced by NXP Semiconductors. The frequency of the 32-bit ARM7 TDMI-S core based
microcontroller can be dynamically configured at runtime to up to 72 MHz, depending on the sensor
network application and energy requirements. The TI (formerly Chipcon)
<a href="http://focus.ti.com/docs/prod/folders/print/cc1100.html">CC1100</a> transceiver uses the
ISM band at 863 to 870 MHz with a maximum data rate of 500 kbit/s. The MSB-A2 nodes set up a
wireless testbed in parallel to the mesh routers that is fully orthogonal to the frequency band used
by IEEE 802.11.
</p>
<table class="table table-condensed">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Microcontroller</td>
<td>NXP Semiconductors LPC2387</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>CPU Frequency</td>
<td>up to 72 MHz</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RAM</td>
<td>98 KiB</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flash</td>
<td>512 KiB</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Transceiver</td>
<td>Chipcon CC1100</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Expansion</td>
<td>GPIO pins<br/>
mini USB 2.0 port
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Storage</td>
<td>microSD-card socket</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>
The sensor nodes are equipped with a
<a href="http://www.sensirion.com/en/01_humidity_sensors/02_humidity_sensor_sht11.htm">Sensirion
SHT-11</a> temperature and humidity sensor. Depending on the experiment scenario, extensions are
connected on-demand via the general purpose input/output pins (GPIO) or the second on-board mini USB
port. In addition to the internal 512 KiB flash memory, microSD-cards can be used. Unlimited data
storage is available via the Ethernet backbone provided by the mesh routers.
</p>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>