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random.c
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/**********************************************************************
random.c -
$Author$
created at: Fri Dec 24 16:39:21 JST 1993
Copyright (C) 1993-2007 Yukihiro Matsumoto
**********************************************************************/
#include "ruby/internal/config.h"
#include <errno.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <float.h>
#include <time.h>
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
# include <unistd.h>
#endif
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H
# include <fcntl.h>
#endif
#if defined(HAVE_SYS_TIME_H)
# include <sys/time.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYSCALL_H
# include <syscall.h>
#elif defined HAVE_SYS_SYSCALL_H
# include <sys/syscall.h>
#endif
#ifdef _WIN32
# include <winsock2.h>
# include <windows.h>
# include <wincrypt.h>
# include <bcrypt.h>
#endif
#if defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__NetBSD__)
/* to define OpenBSD and FreeBSD for version check */
# include <sys/param.h>
#endif
#if defined HAVE_GETRANDOM || defined HAVE_GETENTROPY
# if defined(HAVE_SYS_RANDOM_H)
# include <sys/random.h>
# endif
#elif defined __linux__ && defined __NR_getrandom
# include <linux/random.h>
#endif
#if defined __APPLE__
# include <AvailabilityMacros.h>
#endif
#include "internal.h"
#include "internal/array.h"
#include "internal/compilers.h"
#include "internal/numeric.h"
#include "internal/random.h"
#include "internal/sanitizers.h"
#include "internal/variable.h"
#include "ruby_atomic.h"
#include "ruby/random.h"
#include "ruby/ractor.h"
typedef int int_must_be_32bit_at_least[sizeof(int) * CHAR_BIT < 32 ? -1 : 1];
#include "missing/mt19937.c"
/* generates a random number on [0,1) with 53-bit resolution*/
static double int_pair_to_real_exclusive(uint32_t a, uint32_t b);
static double
genrand_real(struct MT *mt)
{
/* mt must be initialized */
unsigned int a = genrand_int32(mt), b = genrand_int32(mt);
return int_pair_to_real_exclusive(a, b);
}
static const double dbl_reduce_scale = /* 2**(-DBL_MANT_DIG) */
(1.0
/ (double)(DBL_MANT_DIG > 2*31 ? (1ul<<31) : 1.0)
/ (double)(DBL_MANT_DIG > 1*31 ? (1ul<<31) : 1.0)
/ (double)(1ul<<(DBL_MANT_DIG%31)));
static double
int_pair_to_real_exclusive(uint32_t a, uint32_t b)
{
static const int a_shift = DBL_MANT_DIG < 64 ?
(64-DBL_MANT_DIG)/2 : 0;
static const int b_shift = DBL_MANT_DIG < 64 ?
(65-DBL_MANT_DIG)/2 : 0;
a >>= a_shift;
b >>= b_shift;
return (a*(double)(1ul<<(32-b_shift))+b)*dbl_reduce_scale;
}
/* generates a random number on [0,1] with 53-bit resolution*/
static double int_pair_to_real_inclusive(uint32_t a, uint32_t b);
#if 0
static double
genrand_real2(struct MT *mt)
{
/* mt must be initialized */
uint32_t a = genrand_int32(mt), b = genrand_int32(mt);
return int_pair_to_real_inclusive(a, b);
}
#endif
/* These real versions are due to Isaku Wada, 2002/01/09 added */
#undef N
#undef M
typedef struct {
rb_random_t base;
struct MT mt;
} rb_random_mt_t;
#define DEFAULT_SEED_CNT 4
static VALUE rand_init(const rb_random_interface_t *, rb_random_t *, VALUE);
static VALUE random_seed(VALUE);
static void fill_random_seed(uint32_t *seed, size_t cnt);
static VALUE make_seed_value(uint32_t *ptr, size_t len);
RB_RANDOM_INTERFACE_DECLARE(rand_mt);
static const rb_random_interface_t random_mt_if = {
DEFAULT_SEED_CNT * 32,
RB_RANDOM_INTERFACE_DEFINE(rand_mt)
};
static rb_random_mt_t *
rand_mt_start(rb_random_mt_t *r)
{
if (!genrand_initialized(&r->mt)) {
r->base.seed = rand_init(&random_mt_if, &r->base, random_seed(Qundef));
}
return r;
}
static rb_random_t *
rand_start(rb_random_mt_t *r)
{
return &rand_mt_start(r)->base;
}
static rb_ractor_local_key_t default_rand_key;
static void
default_rand_mark(void *ptr)
{
rb_random_mt_t *rnd = (rb_random_mt_t *)ptr;
rb_gc_mark(rnd->base.seed);
}
static const struct rb_ractor_local_storage_type default_rand_key_storage_type = {
default_rand_mark,
ruby_xfree,
};
static rb_random_mt_t *
default_rand(void)
{
rb_random_mt_t *rnd;
if ((rnd = rb_ractor_local_storage_ptr(default_rand_key)) == NULL) {
rnd = ZALLOC(rb_random_mt_t);
rb_ractor_local_storage_ptr_set(default_rand_key, rnd);
}
return rnd;
}
static rb_random_mt_t *
default_mt(void)
{
return rand_mt_start(default_rand());
}
unsigned int
rb_genrand_int32(void)
{
struct MT *mt = &default_mt()->mt;
return genrand_int32(mt);
}
double
rb_genrand_real(void)
{
struct MT *mt = &default_mt()->mt;
return genrand_real(mt);
}
#define SIZEOF_INT32 (31/CHAR_BIT + 1)
static double
int_pair_to_real_inclusive(uint32_t a, uint32_t b)
{
double r;
enum {dig = DBL_MANT_DIG};
enum {dig_u = dig-32, dig_r64 = 64-dig, bmask = ~(~0u<<(dig_r64))};
#if defined HAVE_UINT128_T
const uint128_t m = ((uint128_t)1 << dig) | 1;
uint128_t x = ((uint128_t)a << 32) | b;
r = (double)(uint64_t)((x * m) >> 64);
#elif defined HAVE_UINT64_T && !MSC_VERSION_BEFORE(1300)
uint64_t x = ((uint64_t)a << dig_u) +
(((uint64_t)b + (a >> dig_u)) >> dig_r64);
r = (double)x;
#else
/* shift then add to get rid of overflow */
b = (b >> dig_r64) + (((a >> dig_u) + (b & bmask)) >> dig_r64);
r = (double)a * (1 << dig_u) + b;
#endif
return r * dbl_reduce_scale;
}
VALUE rb_cRandom;
#define id_minus '-'
#define id_plus '+'
static ID id_rand, id_bytes;
NORETURN(static void domain_error(void));
/* :nodoc: */
#define random_mark rb_random_mark
void
random_mark(void *ptr)
{
rb_gc_mark(((rb_random_t *)ptr)->seed);
}
#define random_free RUBY_TYPED_DEFAULT_FREE
static size_t
random_memsize(const void *ptr)
{
return sizeof(rb_random_t);
}
const rb_data_type_t rb_random_data_type = {
"random",
{
random_mark,
random_free,
random_memsize,
},
0, 0, RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
};
#define random_mt_mark rb_random_mark
static void
random_mt_free(void *ptr)
{
rb_random_mt_t *rnd = rb_ractor_local_storage_ptr(default_rand_key);
if (ptr != rnd)
xfree(ptr);
}
static size_t
random_mt_memsize(const void *ptr)
{
return sizeof(rb_random_mt_t);
}
static const rb_data_type_t random_mt_type = {
"random/MT",
{
random_mt_mark,
random_mt_free,
random_mt_memsize,
},
&rb_random_data_type,
(void *)&random_mt_if,
RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY
};
static rb_random_t *
get_rnd(VALUE obj)
{
rb_random_t *ptr;
TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, rb_random_t, &rb_random_data_type, ptr);
if (RTYPEDDATA_TYPE(obj) == &random_mt_type)
return rand_start((rb_random_mt_t *)ptr);
return ptr;
}
static rb_random_mt_t *
get_rnd_mt(VALUE obj)
{
rb_random_mt_t *ptr;
TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, rb_random_mt_t, &random_mt_type, ptr);
return ptr;
}
static rb_random_t *
try_get_rnd(VALUE obj)
{
if (obj == rb_cRandom) {
return rand_start(default_rand());
}
if (!rb_typeddata_is_kind_of(obj, &rb_random_data_type)) return NULL;
if (RTYPEDDATA_TYPE(obj) == &random_mt_type)
return rand_start(DATA_PTR(obj));
rb_random_t *rnd = DATA_PTR(obj);
if (!rnd) {
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "uninitialized random: %s",
RTYPEDDATA_TYPE(obj)->wrap_struct_name);
}
return rnd;
}
static const rb_random_interface_t *
try_rand_if(VALUE obj, rb_random_t *rnd)
{
if (rnd == &default_rand()->base) {
return &random_mt_if;
}
return rb_rand_if(obj);
}
/* :nodoc: */
void
rb_random_base_init(rb_random_t *rnd)
{
rnd->seed = INT2FIX(0);
}
/* :nodoc: */
static VALUE
random_alloc(VALUE klass)
{
rb_random_mt_t *rnd;
VALUE obj = TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, rb_random_mt_t, &random_mt_type, rnd);
rb_random_base_init(&rnd->base);
return obj;
}
static VALUE
rand_init_default(const rb_random_interface_t *rng, rb_random_t *rnd)
{
VALUE seed, buf0 = 0;
size_t len = roomof(rng->default_seed_bits, 32);
uint32_t *buf = ALLOCV_N(uint32_t, buf0, len+1);
fill_random_seed(buf, len);
rng->init(rnd, buf, len);
seed = make_seed_value(buf, len);
explicit_bzero(buf, len * sizeof(*buf));
ALLOCV_END(buf0);
return seed;
}
static VALUE
rand_init(const rb_random_interface_t *rng, rb_random_t *rnd, VALUE seed)
{
uint32_t *buf;
VALUE buf0 = 0;
size_t len;
int sign;
len = rb_absint_numwords(seed, 32, NULL);
buf = ALLOCV_N(uint32_t, buf0, len);
sign = rb_integer_pack(seed, buf, len, sizeof(uint32_t), 0,
INTEGER_PACK_LSWORD_FIRST|INTEGER_PACK_NATIVE_BYTE_ORDER);
if (sign < 0)
sign = -sign;
if (len == 0) {
buf[0] = 0;
len = 1;
}
if (len > 1) {
if (sign != 2 && buf[len-1] == 1) /* remove leading-zero-guard */
len--;
}
rng->init(rnd, buf, len);
explicit_bzero(buf, len * sizeof(*buf));
ALLOCV_END(buf0);
return seed;
}
/*
* call-seq:
* Random.new(seed = Random.new_seed) -> prng
*
* Creates a new PRNG using +seed+ to set the initial state. If +seed+ is
* omitted, the generator is initialized with Random.new_seed.
*
* See Random.srand for more information on the use of seed values.
*/
static VALUE
random_init(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
{
rb_random_t *rnd = try_get_rnd(obj);
const rb_random_interface_t *rng = rb_rand_if(obj);
if (!rng) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "undefined random interface: %s",
RTYPEDDATA_TYPE(obj)->wrap_struct_name);
}
argc = rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
rb_check_frozen(obj);
if (argc == 0) {
rnd->seed = rand_init_default(rng, rnd);
}
else {
rnd->seed = rand_init(rng, rnd, rb_to_int(argv[0]));
}
return obj;
}
#define DEFAULT_SEED_LEN (DEFAULT_SEED_CNT * (int)sizeof(int32_t))
#if defined(S_ISCHR) && !defined(DOSISH)
# define USE_DEV_URANDOM 1
#else
# define USE_DEV_URANDOM 0
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_GETENTROPY
# define MAX_SEED_LEN_PER_READ 256
static int
fill_random_bytes_urandom(void *seed, size_t size)
{
unsigned char *p = (unsigned char *)seed;
while (size) {
size_t len = size < MAX_SEED_LEN_PER_READ ? size : MAX_SEED_LEN_PER_READ;
if (getentropy(p, len) != 0) {
return -1;
}
p += len;
size -= len;
}
return 0;
}
#elif USE_DEV_URANDOM
static int
fill_random_bytes_urandom(void *seed, size_t size)
{
/*
O_NONBLOCK and O_NOCTTY is meaningless if /dev/urandom correctly points
to a urandom device. But it protects from several strange hazard if
/dev/urandom is not a urandom device.
*/
int fd = rb_cloexec_open("/dev/urandom",
# ifdef O_NONBLOCK
O_NONBLOCK|
# endif
# ifdef O_NOCTTY
O_NOCTTY|
# endif
O_RDONLY, 0);
struct stat statbuf;
ssize_t ret = 0;
size_t offset = 0;
if (fd < 0) return -1;
rb_update_max_fd(fd);
if (fstat(fd, &statbuf) == 0 && S_ISCHR(statbuf.st_mode)) {
do {
ret = read(fd, ((char*)seed) + offset, size - offset);
if (ret < 0) {
close(fd);
return -1;
}
offset += (size_t)ret;
} while (offset < size);
}
close(fd);
return 0;
}
#else
# define fill_random_bytes_urandom(seed, size) -1
#endif
#if ! defined HAVE_GETRANDOM && defined __linux__ && defined __NR_getrandom
# ifndef GRND_NONBLOCK
# define GRND_NONBLOCK 0x0001 /* not defined in musl libc */
# endif
# define getrandom(ptr, size, flags) \
(ssize_t)syscall(__NR_getrandom, (ptr), (size), (flags))
# define HAVE_GETRANDOM 1
#endif
#if 0
#elif defined MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7 && MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7
# if defined MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_10 && MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_10
# include <CommonCrypto/CommonCryptoError.h> /* for old Xcode */
# include <CommonCrypto/CommonRandom.h>
# define USE_COMMON_RANDOM 1
# else
# include <Security/SecRandom.h>
# define USE_COMMON_RANDOM 0
# endif
static int
fill_random_bytes_syscall(void *seed, size_t size, int unused)
{
#if USE_COMMON_RANDOM
int failed = CCRandomGenerateBytes(seed, size) != kCCSuccess;
#else
int failed = SecRandomCopyBytes(kSecRandomDefault, size, seed) != errSecSuccess;
#endif
if (failed) {
# if 0
# if USE_COMMON_RANDOM
/* How to get the error message? */
# else
CFStringRef s = SecCopyErrorMessageString(status, NULL);
const char *m = s ? CFStringGetCStringPtr(s, kCFStringEncodingUTF8) : NULL;
fprintf(stderr, "SecRandomCopyBytes failed: %d: %s\n", status,
m ? m : "unknown");
if (s) CFRelease(s);
# endif
# endif
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
#elif defined(HAVE_ARC4RANDOM_BUF)
static int
fill_random_bytes_syscall(void *buf, size_t size, int unused)
{
#if (defined(__OpenBSD__) && OpenBSD >= 201411) || \
(defined(__NetBSD__) && __NetBSD_Version__ >= 700000000) || \
(defined(__FreeBSD__) && __FreeBSD_version >= 1200079)
arc4random_buf(buf, size);
return 0;
#else
return -1;
#endif
}
#elif defined(_WIN32)
# if defined(CRYPT_VERIFYCONTEXT)
STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof_HCRYPTPROV, sizeof(HCRYPTPROV) == sizeof(size_t));
/* Although HCRYPTPROV is not a HANDLE, it looks like
* INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE is not a valid value */
static const HCRYPTPROV INVALID_HCRYPTPROV = (HCRYPTPROV)INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
static void
release_crypt(void *p)
{
HCRYPTPROV *ptr = p;
HCRYPTPROV prov = (HCRYPTPROV)ATOMIC_SIZE_EXCHANGE(*ptr, INVALID_HCRYPTPROV);
if (prov && prov != INVALID_HCRYPTPROV) {
CryptReleaseContext(prov, 0);
}
}
static int
fill_random_bytes_crypt(void *seed, size_t size)
{
static HCRYPTPROV perm_prov;
HCRYPTPROV prov = perm_prov, old_prov;
if (!prov) {
if (!CryptAcquireContext(&prov, NULL, NULL, PROV_RSA_FULL, CRYPT_VERIFYCONTEXT)) {
prov = INVALID_HCRYPTPROV;
}
old_prov = (HCRYPTPROV)ATOMIC_SIZE_CAS(perm_prov, 0, prov);
if (LIKELY(!old_prov)) { /* no other threads acquired */
if (prov != INVALID_HCRYPTPROV) {
#undef RUBY_UNTYPED_DATA_WARNING
#define RUBY_UNTYPED_DATA_WARNING 0
rb_gc_register_mark_object(Data_Wrap_Struct(0, 0, release_crypt, &perm_prov));
}
}
else { /* another thread acquired */
if (prov != INVALID_HCRYPTPROV) {
CryptReleaseContext(prov, 0);
}
prov = old_prov;
}
}
if (prov == INVALID_HCRYPTPROV) return -1;
CryptGenRandom(prov, size, seed);
return 0;
}
# else
# define fill_random_bytes_crypt(seed, size) -1
# endif
static int
fill_random_bytes_bcrypt(void *seed, size_t size)
{
if (!BCryptGenRandom(NULL, seed, size, BCRYPT_USE_SYSTEM_PREFERRED_RNG))
return 0;
return -1;
}
static int
fill_random_bytes_syscall(void *seed, size_t size, int unused)
{
if (fill_random_bytes_bcrypt(seed, size) == 0) return 0;
return fill_random_bytes_crypt(seed, size);
}
#elif defined HAVE_GETRANDOM
static int
fill_random_bytes_syscall(void *seed, size_t size, int need_secure)
{
static rb_atomic_t try_syscall = 1;
if (try_syscall) {
size_t offset = 0;
int flags = 0;
if (!need_secure)
flags = GRND_NONBLOCK;
do {
errno = 0;
ssize_t ret = getrandom(((char*)seed) + offset, size - offset, flags);
if (ret == -1) {
ATOMIC_SET(try_syscall, 0);
return -1;
}
offset += (size_t)ret;
} while (offset < size);
return 0;
}
return -1;
}
#else
# define fill_random_bytes_syscall(seed, size, need_secure) -1
#endif
int
ruby_fill_random_bytes(void *seed, size_t size, int need_secure)
{
int ret = fill_random_bytes_syscall(seed, size, need_secure);
if (ret == 0) return ret;
return fill_random_bytes_urandom(seed, size);
}
#define fill_random_bytes ruby_fill_random_bytes
/* cnt must be 4 or more */
static void
fill_random_seed(uint32_t *seed, size_t cnt)
{
static rb_atomic_t n = 0;
#if defined HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME
struct timespec tv;
#elif defined HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY
struct timeval tv;
#endif
size_t len = cnt * sizeof(*seed);
memset(seed, 0, len);
fill_random_bytes(seed, len, FALSE);
#if defined HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME
clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tv);
seed[0] ^= tv.tv_nsec;
#elif defined HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY
gettimeofday(&tv, 0);
seed[0] ^= tv.tv_usec;
#endif
seed[1] ^= (uint32_t)tv.tv_sec;
#if SIZEOF_TIME_T > SIZEOF_INT
seed[0] ^= (uint32_t)((time_t)tv.tv_sec >> SIZEOF_INT * CHAR_BIT);
#endif
seed[2] ^= getpid() ^ (ATOMIC_FETCH_ADD(n, 1) << 16);
seed[3] ^= (uint32_t)(VALUE)&seed;
#if SIZEOF_VOIDP > SIZEOF_INT
seed[2] ^= (uint32_t)((VALUE)&seed >> SIZEOF_INT * CHAR_BIT);
#endif
}
static VALUE
make_seed_value(uint32_t *ptr, size_t len)
{
VALUE seed;
if (ptr[len-1] <= 1) {
/* set leading-zero-guard */
ptr[len++] = 1;
}
seed = rb_integer_unpack(ptr, len, sizeof(uint32_t), 0,
INTEGER_PACK_LSWORD_FIRST|INTEGER_PACK_NATIVE_BYTE_ORDER);
return seed;
}
#define with_random_seed(size, add) \
for (uint32_t seedbuf[(size)+(add)], loop = (fill_random_seed(seedbuf, (size)), 1); \
loop; explicit_bzero(seedbuf, (size)*sizeof(seedbuf[0])), loop = 0)
/*
* call-seq: Random.new_seed -> integer
*
* Returns an arbitrary seed value. This is used by Random.new
* when no seed value is specified as an argument.
*
* Random.new_seed #=> 115032730400174366788466674494640623225
*/
static VALUE
random_seed(VALUE _)
{
VALUE v;
with_random_seed(DEFAULT_SEED_CNT, 1) {
v = make_seed_value(seedbuf, DEFAULT_SEED_CNT);
}
return v;
}
/*
* call-seq: Random.urandom(size) -> string
*
* Returns a string, using platform providing features.
* Returned value is expected to be a cryptographically secure
* pseudo-random number in binary form.
* This method raises a RuntimeError if the feature provided by platform
* failed to prepare the result.
*
* In 2017, Linux manpage random(7) writes that "no cryptographic
* primitive available today can hope to promise more than 256 bits of
* security". So it might be questionable to pass size > 32 to this
* method.
*
* Random.urandom(8) #=> "\x78\x41\xBA\xAF\x7D\xEA\xD8\xEA"
*/
static VALUE
random_raw_seed(VALUE self, VALUE size)
{
long n = NUM2ULONG(size);
VALUE buf = rb_str_new(0, n);
if (n == 0) return buf;
if (fill_random_bytes(RSTRING_PTR(buf), n, TRUE))
rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "failed to get urandom");
return buf;
}
/*
* call-seq: prng.seed -> integer
*
* Returns the seed value used to initialize the generator. This may be used to
* initialize another generator with the same state at a later time, causing it
* to produce the same sequence of numbers.
*
* prng1 = Random.new(1234)
* prng1.seed #=> 1234
* prng1.rand(100) #=> 47
*
* prng2 = Random.new(prng1.seed)
* prng2.rand(100) #=> 47
*/
static VALUE
random_get_seed(VALUE obj)
{
return get_rnd(obj)->seed;
}
/* :nodoc: */
static VALUE
rand_mt_copy(VALUE obj, VALUE orig)
{
rb_random_mt_t *rnd1, *rnd2;
struct MT *mt;
if (!OBJ_INIT_COPY(obj, orig)) return obj;
rnd1 = get_rnd_mt(obj);
rnd2 = get_rnd_mt(orig);
mt = &rnd1->mt;
*rnd1 = *rnd2;
mt->next = mt->state + numberof(mt->state) - mt->left + 1;
return obj;
}
static VALUE
mt_state(const struct MT *mt)
{
return rb_integer_unpack(mt->state, numberof(mt->state),
sizeof(*mt->state), 0,
INTEGER_PACK_LSWORD_FIRST|INTEGER_PACK_NATIVE_BYTE_ORDER);
}
/* :nodoc: */
static VALUE
rand_mt_state(VALUE obj)
{
rb_random_mt_t *rnd = get_rnd_mt(obj);
return mt_state(&rnd->mt);
}
/* :nodoc: */
static VALUE
random_s_state(VALUE klass)
{
return mt_state(&default_rand()->mt);
}
/* :nodoc: */
static VALUE
rand_mt_left(VALUE obj)
{
rb_random_mt_t *rnd = get_rnd_mt(obj);
return INT2FIX(rnd->mt.left);
}
/* :nodoc: */
static VALUE
random_s_left(VALUE klass)
{
return INT2FIX(default_rand()->mt.left);
}
/* :nodoc: */
static VALUE
rand_mt_dump(VALUE obj)
{
rb_random_mt_t *rnd = rb_check_typeddata(obj, &random_mt_type);
VALUE dump = rb_ary_new2(3);
rb_ary_push(dump, mt_state(&rnd->mt));
rb_ary_push(dump, INT2FIX(rnd->mt.left));
rb_ary_push(dump, rnd->base.seed);
return dump;
}
/* :nodoc: */
static VALUE
rand_mt_load(VALUE obj, VALUE dump)
{
rb_random_mt_t *rnd = rb_check_typeddata(obj, &random_mt_type);
struct MT *mt = &rnd->mt;
VALUE state, left = INT2FIX(1), seed = INT2FIX(0);
unsigned long x;
rb_check_copyable(obj, dump);
Check_Type(dump, T_ARRAY);
switch (RARRAY_LEN(dump)) {
case 3:
seed = RARRAY_AREF(dump, 2);
case 2:
left = RARRAY_AREF(dump, 1);
case 1:
state = RARRAY_AREF(dump, 0);
break;
default:
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "wrong dump data");
}
rb_integer_pack(state, mt->state, numberof(mt->state),
sizeof(*mt->state), 0,
INTEGER_PACK_LSWORD_FIRST|INTEGER_PACK_NATIVE_BYTE_ORDER);
x = NUM2ULONG(left);
if (x > numberof(mt->state)) {
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "wrong value");
}
mt->left = (unsigned int)x;
mt->next = mt->state + numberof(mt->state) - x + 1;
rnd->base.seed = rb_to_int(seed);
return obj;
}
static void
rand_mt_init(rb_random_t *rnd, const uint32_t *buf, size_t len)
{
struct MT *mt = &((rb_random_mt_t *)rnd)->mt;
if (len <= 1) {
init_genrand(mt, buf[0]);
}
else {
init_by_array(mt, buf, (int)len);
}
}
static unsigned int
rand_mt_get_int32(rb_random_t *rnd)
{
struct MT *mt = &((rb_random_mt_t *)rnd)->mt;
return genrand_int32(mt);
}
static void
rand_mt_get_bytes(rb_random_t *rnd, void *ptr, size_t n)
{
rb_rand_bytes_int32(rand_mt_get_int32, rnd, ptr, n);
}
/*
* call-seq:
* srand(number = Random.new_seed) -> old_seed
*
* Seeds the system pseudo-random number generator, with +number+.
* The previous seed value is returned.
*
* If +number+ is omitted, seeds the generator using a source of entropy
* provided by the operating system, if available (/dev/urandom on Unix systems
* or the RSA cryptographic provider on Windows), which is then combined with
* the time, the process id, and a sequence number.
*
* srand may be used to ensure repeatable sequences of pseudo-random numbers
* between different runs of the program. By setting the seed to a known value,
* programs can be made deterministic during testing.
*
* srand 1234 # => 268519324636777531569100071560086917274
* [ rand, rand ] # => [0.1915194503788923, 0.6221087710398319]
* [ rand(10), rand(1000) ] # => [4, 664]
* srand 1234 # => 1234
* [ rand, rand ] # => [0.1915194503788923, 0.6221087710398319]
*/
static VALUE
rb_f_srand(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
{
VALUE seed, old;
rb_random_mt_t *r = rand_mt_start(default_rand());
if (rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) == 0) {
seed = random_seed(obj);
}
else {
seed = rb_to_int(argv[0]);
}
old = r->base.seed;
rand_init(&random_mt_if, &r->base, seed);
r->base.seed = seed;
return old;
}
static unsigned long
make_mask(unsigned long x)
{
x = x | x >> 1;
x = x | x >> 2;
x = x | x >> 4;
x = x | x >> 8;
x = x | x >> 16;
#if 4 < SIZEOF_LONG
x = x | x >> 32;
#endif
return x;
}
static unsigned long
limited_rand(const rb_random_interface_t *rng, rb_random_t *rnd, unsigned long limit)
{
/* mt must be initialized */
unsigned long val, mask;
if (!limit) return 0;
mask = make_mask(limit);
#if 4 < SIZEOF_LONG
if (0xffffffff < limit) {
int i;
retry:
val = 0;
for (i = SIZEOF_LONG/SIZEOF_INT32-1; 0 <= i; i--) {
if ((mask >> (i * 32)) & 0xffffffff) {
val |= (unsigned long)rng->get_int32(rnd) << (i * 32);
val &= mask;
if (limit < val)
goto retry;
}
}
return val;
}
#endif
do {
val = rng->get_int32(rnd) & mask;
} while (limit < val);
return val;
}
static VALUE
limited_big_rand(const rb_random_interface_t *rng, rb_random_t *rnd, VALUE limit)
{
/* mt must be initialized */
uint32_t mask;
long i;
int boundary;
size_t len;
uint32_t *tmp, *lim_array, *rnd_array;
VALUE vtmp;
VALUE val;
len = rb_absint_numwords(limit, 32, NULL);