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1 Getting Started

Exercise 1.1

Review the documentation for your compiler and determine what file naming convention it uses.

Exercise 1.2

Change the program to return -1. A return value of -1 is often treated as an indicator that the program failed. Recompile and rerun your program to see how your system treats a failure indicator from main.

ex1-2.cpp

g++ ex1-2.cpp -o ex1-2
./ex1-2
echo $? # 255

Exercise 1.3

Write a program to print Hello, World on the standard output.

ex1-3.cpp

Exercise 1.4

Our program used the addition operator, +, to add two numbers. Write a program that uses the multiplication operator, *, to print the product instead.

ex1-3.cpp

Exercise 1.5

We wrote the output in one large statement. Rewrite the program to use a separate statement to print each operand.

ex1-5.cpp

Exercise 1.6

Explain whether the following program fragment is legal.

std::cout << "The sum of " << v1;
		  << " and " << v2;
		  << " is " << v1 + v2 << std::endl;

If the program is legal, what does it do? If the program is not legal, why not? How would you fix it?

ex1-6.cpp

ex1-6.cpp: In function ‘int main()’:
ex1-6.cpp:9:5: error: expected primary-expression before ‘<<’ token
    9 |     << " and " << v2;
      |     ^~
ex1-6.cpp:10:5: error: expected primary-expression before ‘<<’ token
   10 |     << " is " << v1 + v2 << std::endl;
      |     ^~

Exercise 1.7

Compile a program that has incorrectly nested comments.

ex1-7.cpp

g++ ex1-7.cpp
ex1-7.cpp:4:3: error: expected unqualified-id before ‘/’ token
    4 |  */
      |

Exercise 1.8

Indicate which, if any, of the following output statements are legal:

std::cout << "/*"; ✅
std::cout << "*/"; ✅
std::cout << /* "*/" */; ❌
std::cout << /*  "*/" /* "/*"  */; ❌

After you’ve predicted what will happen, test your answers by compiling a program with each of these statements. Correct any errors you encounter.

ex1-8.cpp

The output of g++ ex1-8.cpp:

ex1-8.cpp:7:24: warning: missing terminating " character
    7 |     std::cout << /* "*/" */;
      |                        ^

Exercise 1.9

Write a program that uses a while to sum the numbers from 50 to 100.

ex1-9.cpp

Exercise 1.10

In addition to the ++ operator that adds 1 to its operand, there is a decrement operator (--) that subtracts 1. Use the decrement operator to write a while that prints the numbers from ten down to zero.

ex1-10.cpp

Exercise 1.11

Write a program that prompts the user for two integers. Print each number in the range specified by those two integers.

ex1-11.cpp

Exercise 1.12

What does the following for loop do? What is the final value of sum?

int sum = 0;
for (int i = -100; i <= 100; ++i)
    sum += i;

ex1-12.cpp

Exercise 1.13

Rewrite the first two exercises using for loops.

ex1-13.cpp

Exercise 1.14

Compare and contrast the loops that used a for with those using a while. Are there advantages or disadvantages to using either form?

It's easy to write a for loop if the incrementor is clear and simple

Exercise 1.15

Write programs that contain the common errors discussed in the box on page 16. Familiarize yourself with the messages the compiler generates.

Syntax errors, type errors, declaration errors, which all can be detected by complier

Exercise 1.16

Write your own version of a program that prints the sum of a set of integers read from cin.

ex1-16.cpp

Exercise 1.17

What happens in the program presented in this section if the input values are all equal? What if there are no duplicated values?

If all input values are equal, only one log will be output. If no duplicated values, each line will be output after the second input.

ex1-17.cpp

Exercise 1.18

Compile and run the program from this section giving it only equal values as input. Run it again giving it values in which no number is repeated.

Exercise 1.19

Revise the program you wrote for the exercises in that printed a range of numbers so that it handles input in which the first number is smaller than the second.

ex1-18.cpp

Exercise 1.20

http://www.informit.com/title/0321714113 contains a copy of Sales_item.h in the Chapter 1 code directory. Copy that file to your working directory. Use it to write a program that reads a set of book sales transactions, writing each transaction to the standard output.

ex1-20.cpp

Exercise 1.21

Write a program that reads two Sales_item objects that have the same ISBN and produces their sum.

ex1-21.cpp

Exercise 1.22

Write a program that reads several transactions for the same ISBN. Write the sum of all the transactions that were read.

ex1-22.cpp

Exercise 1.23

Write a program that reads several transactions and counts how many transactions occur for each ISBN.

ex1-23.cpp

Exercise 1.24

Test the previous program by giving multiple transactions representing multiple ISBNs. The records for each ISBN should be grouped together.

ex1-24.cpp

Exercise 1.25

Using the Sales_item.h header from the Web site, compile and execute the bookstore program presented in this section.

ex1-25.cpp