language-features.md

Y-flat language examples

Current Features

Variable and Function Declarations

Type names come after the type. For functions, no stated return type is taken as a return type of void.

x: int;
f(param1: int, param2: int): int {
    ret: int = param1 + param2;
    return ret;
}
do_a_thing() {

}

A return statement must always be run in a function that returns a value.

~~ Error ~~
x(p: int): int {
    if (p < 3)
        return 7;
}

Expressions, Function Calls, and Literals

An expression is either a function call, a binary expression, or a literal. Unary operators are not yet implemented.

my_func(): int { return 5; }
x1: int = my_func();
x2: int = 2 * (my_func() + my_func());
x3: int = 5;
x4: bool = true;

Types

There are a number of builtin types in Y-flat. Most prominent are a built-in bool type (unlike C) and builtin i16, i32, i64, f32, f64.

Casting

Variables may be cast more or less freely, although the compiler will warn if casting may lose information.

Planned features

• Switch statements and expressions, including fswitch with automatic breaking
• Built-in project management and dependency location
• Arrays and strings
• Classes, inheritance, interfaces, and concepts
• A "constraint" system for more thorough compile-time checking
• Array additions, maps, etc., efficiently translating to C