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数据可视化-基于R语言-第二章-2.3页面布局与图形组合 #34

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zemise opened this issue Aug 3, 2023 · 0 comments
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zemise commented Aug 3, 2023

# 2.3.1 用par函数布局页面
# 其中参数mfrow和mfcol分别以行和列进行分割并顺序填充


# par(mfrow=c(2,2), mai=c(0.5,0.5,0.3,0.1), cex=0.7,mgp=c(2,1,0),cex.axis=0.8,cex.main=0.8)
par(mfcol=c(2,2), mai=c(0.5,0.5,0.3,0.1), cex=0.7,mgp=c(2,1,0),cex.axis=0.8,cex.main=0.8)
par(family= "Songti SC")
# 设置随机数种子
set.seed(123)
# 生成100个标准正态分布随机数
x <-rnorm(100)
# 生成100个指数分布随机数
y <-rexp(100)
plot(x,y,col=sample(c("black","red","blue"), 100, replace = TRUE), main = "(a) 散点图")
boxplot(x,y,col = 2:3, main="(b) 箱线图")

hist(x, col = "orange", ylab ="y", main="(c) 箱线图")
barplot(runif(5,10,20), col = 2:6, main = "(d) 条形图")

# 2.3.2 用layout函数布局页面
# 2行2列的图表矩形,第2行为单张图
layout(matrix(c(1,2,3,3), nrow = 2, ncol = 2, byrow = TRUE), heights= c(2,1))
# 3部分全展示
layout.show(3)

# 2行2列的图表矩形,第2列为单张图
layout(matrix(c(1,2,3,3), nrow = 2, ncol = 2), heights= c(2,1))
# 3部分全展示
layout.show(3)

# 2行3列的图表矩形,第2行为单张图
layout(matrix(c(1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4), nrow = 2, ncol = 3, byrow = TRUE), widths= c(3, 1), heights= c(2,1))
# 3部分全展示
layout.show(4)

# 3行3列的图表矩形,第2行为两张图
layout(matrix(c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6, 7,8), nrow = 3, ncol = 3, byrow = TRUE), widths= c(2, 1), heights= c(1,1))
# 3部分全展示
layout.show(8)


# 2.3.3 同时打开多个绘图窗口
par(family= "Songti SC")
# 生成1000个标准正态分布的随机数
x <- rnorm(1000)
# 绘制直方图
hist(x, col=3, xlab= "", ylab="", main="直方图")
# 打开一个新的绘图窗口
dev.new()
# 绘制核密度图
plot(density(x), xlab = "", ylab = "", main="核密度图")
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