Update simple-crud.md

backend/mysql/simple-crud.md

@@ -1,5 +1,26 @@
-- Selecionar dados
-## SELECT
+# Mysql Simple CRUD Sheet Cheat
+
+## Sumário
+- [`SELECT`](#select)
+    - [`DISTINCT`](#DISTINCT)
+    - [`LIMIT` e `OFFSET`](#limit-e-offset)
+    - [`ORDER BY`](#order-by)
+- [`WHERE`](#WHERE)
+    - [Condições](#Condições)
+    - [Operadores Matemáticos](#Operadores-Matemáticos)
+    - [Operadores Lógicos](#Operadores-Lógicos)
+    - [`IS`](#IS)
+    - [`NOT`](#NOT)
+    - [`LIKE`](#LIKE)
+    - [`BETWEEN`](#BETWEEN)
+    - [`IN`](#IN)
+- [Datas](#Datas)
+- [`INSERT`](#INSERT)
+- [`UPDATE`](#UPDATE)
+- [`DELETE`](#DELETE)
+
+
+## `SELECT`
 ```sql
 SELECT
     [DISTINCT]
@@ -24,7 +45,7 @@ SELECT * FROM sakila.actor;
 SELECT first_name, last_name FROM sakila.actor;
 ```
 
-### DISTINCT
+### `DISTINCT`
 ```sql
 SELECT DISTINCT campo1 FROM banco.tabela;
 SELECT DISTINCT campo1, campo2 FROM banco.tabela;
@@ -35,7 +56,7 @@ SELECT DISTINCT first_name FROM sakila.actor;
 ```sql
 SELECT DISTINCT first_name, last_name FROM sakila.actor;
 ```
-### LIMIT e OFFSET
+### `LIMIT` e `OFFSET`
 
 ```sql
 SELECT * FROM banco.tabela LIMIT 10;
@@ -49,21 +70,20 @@ SELECT * FROM sakila.actor OFFSET 10;
 SELECT * FROM sakila.actor LIMIT 10 OFFSET 10;
 ```
 
-### ORDER BY 
+### `ORDER BY` 
 
 ```sql
 SELECT * FROM banco ORDER BY field1 DESC; -- é ASC por padrão
 SELECT * FROM banco ORDER BY campo1 ASC, campo2 DESC;
 ```
 
-## WHERE
+## `WHERE`
 ```sql
 SELECT * FROM banco WHERE condition;
 SELECT * FROM banco WHERE true;
 ```
 
 ### Condições
-- Operadores Booleanos e Lógicos
 
 | OPERADOR | DESCRIÇÃO | Exemplo 
 |:---:|:----------|:--|
@@ -125,11 +145,120 @@ SELECT * FROM sakila.staff WHERE NOT address_id = 3;
 SELECT * FROM sakila.staff WHERE picture IS NOT NULL;
 ```
 
+### `LIKE`
+|Sinal| Descrição|
+| :--: | :-- |
+| `%` | O sinal de percentual, que pode representar zero, um ou múltiplos caracteres
+| `_`|  O underscore (às vezes chamado de underline, no Brasil), que representa um único caractere |
+
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM banco.table 
+    WHERE coluna LIKE '__string%';
+```
+
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM sakila.film
+    WHERE title LIKE '%don';
+```
+
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM sakila.film
+    WHERE title LIKE 'plu%';
+```
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM sakila.film
+WHERE title LIKE '%plu%';
+```
+
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM sakila.film
+    WHERE title LIKE 'p%r';
+```
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM sakila.film
+    WHERE title LIKE '_C%';
+```
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM sakila.film
+    WHERE title LIKE '________';
+```
+
+### `BETWEEN`
+
+```sql
+SELECT title, length FROM sakila.film
+    WHERE length BETWEEN 50 AND 120;
+```
+
+```sql
+SELECT rental_id, rental_date FROM sakila.rental
+    WHERE rental_date
+        BETWEEN '2005-05-27' AND '2005-07-17';
+```
+### `IN`
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM sakila.actor
+WHERE first_name IN ('PENELOPE','NICK','ED','JENNIFER');
+```
+
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM sakila.actor
+WHERE id IN (1, 2, 3, 7, 48, 42);
+```
+
+## `Datas`
+```sql
+SELECT DATE(payment_date) FROM sakila.payment; -- YYYY-MM-DD
+SELECT YEAR(payment_date) FROM sakila.payment; -- Ano
+SELECT MONTH(payment_date) FROM sakila.payment; -- Mês
+SELECT DAY(payment_date) FROM sakila.payment; -- Dia
+SELECT HOUR(payment_date) FROM sakila.payment; -- Hora
+SELECT MINUTE(payment_date) FROM sakila.payment; -- Minuto
+SELECT SECOND(payment_date) FROM sakila.payment; -- Segundo
+```
+
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM sakila.payment 
+    WHERE YEAR(payment_date) = 2006;
+```
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM sakila.payment
+    WHERE payment_date LIKE '2005-07-31%';
+```
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM sakila.payment
+    WHERE payment_date 
+        BETWEEN '2005-05-26 00:00:00' AND '2005-05-27 23:59:59';
+```
+```sql
+SELECT * FROM sakila.payment 
+    WHERE HOUR(payment_date) BETWEEN 10 AND 20;
+```
+
+
 ## `INSERT`
 - Inserir dados
     - INSERT INTO banco_de_dados.tabela (campo1, campo2)
     VALUES (valor1,valor2), (valor3,valor4) —(…)
     ;
+```sql
+INSERT [IGNORE]
+    [INTO] tabela
+    [(coluna [, coluna] ...)]
+    VALUES  (lista_de_valores) [, (lista_de_valores)] ... 
+
+lista_de_valores:
+    valor [, valor] ...
+```
+
+```sql
+INSERT INTO sakila.actor (first_name, last_name)
+VALUES ('Bell', 'Hooks');
+```
+```sql
+INSERT INTO sakila.actor (first_name, last_name)
+VALUES ('Bell', 'Hooks'), ('Simone', 'Beauvoir');
+```
 ## `UPDATE`
 ```sql
 UPDATE [IGNORE] banco.tabela
@@ -150,18 +279,37 @@ atribuição:
 
 ```sql
 UPDATE sakila.staff
-    SET first_name = 'Rannveig'
+    SET first_name = 'Bauman'
+    WHERE first_name = 'Ravein';
+```
+```sql
+UPDATE sakila.staff
+    SET first_name = 'Jean-Paul', last_name = 'Sartre'
     WHERE first_name = 'Ravein';
 ```
- Caso seja necessário fazer um `UPDATE` sem `WHERE`
+⚠️ Caso seja necessário fazer um `UPDATE` sem `WHERE`
 ```sql
 SET SQL_SAFE_UPDATES = 0;
 ```
 
 ## `DELETE`
 
-- Deletar dados
-    - DELETE FROM banco_de_dados.tabela
-    WHERE coluna = 'valor';
+```sql
+DELETE [IGNORE] FROM tabela 
+    [WHERE condição]
+    [ORDER BY ...]
+    [LIMIT contagem_de_linhas]
+```
+```sql
+DELETE FROM sakila.actor
+    WHERE first_name = 'NICK';
+```
+
+⚠️ Caso seja necessário fazer um `DELETE` sem `WHERE`
+```sql
+SET SQL_SAFE_UPDATES = 0;
+```
+```sql
+DELETE FROM sakila.staff;
+```
      
-- Funções