Support for constraint operators caret (^) and tilde (~)

[6543]

upstream pulls:

• Support for constraint operators caret (^) and tilde (~) hashicorp/go-version#49
• Implement constraint logic for caret (^) and tilde (~) hashicorp/go-version#15

[6543]

^ is nice option but I'm not sure if we should go the same way with ~ as it could also be understand as "kind of":

• ~1.2.3 is equivalent to >= 1.2.3, < 1.2.4
• ~1.1.1.1 is equivalent to >= 1.1.1.1.0, < 1.1.1.2
  so make it recursive if constrain contain more digits

[6543]

@beornf do you have an option on this? ☝️

[beornf]

Yeah it would make sense to loop through all the segments in the same way as the pessimistic operator

go-version/constraint.go

Lines 186 to 193 in bcb907f

	// Check the segments in the constraint against those in the version. If the version
	// being checked, at any point, does not have the same values in each index of the
	// constraints segments, then it cannot be valid against the constraint.
	for i := 0; i < c.si-1; i++ {
	if v.segments[i] != c.segments[i] {
	return false
	}
	}

Note the pessimistic operator is subtly different to tilde operator following:

• ~>1.2.3 is equivalent to >=1.2.3, <1.3.0
• ~>1.1.1.1 is equivalent to >=1.1.1.1, <1.1.2.0