Add prototype support for an `ak.apply` function #8603

Job	Run time
mypy	1m 28s
arkouda_makefile_almalinux (3.9)	16m 13s
arkouda_python_portability (3.9)	3m 9s
arkouda_makefile_almalinux (3.10)	16m 56s
arkouda_multi-dim (2.0.0)	1s
arkouda_python_portability (3.10)	3m 29s
arkouda_makefile (3.9)	14m 12s
arkouda_makefile_almalinux (3.11)	16m 28s
arkouda_multi-dim (2.1.0)	3m 25s
arkouda_python_portability (3.11)	3m 25s
arkouda_makefile (3.10)	14m 16s
arkouda_multi-dim (2.2.0)	1s
arkouda_makefile (3.11)	14m 12s
arkouda_multi-dim (2.3.0)	1s
arkouda_tests_linux (chapel, 2)	3m 17s
docs	3m 40s
flake8	1m 12s
lint	5s
arkouda_benchmark_linux (chapel, 2)	3m 18s
arkouda_chpl_portability (2.0.0)	3m 15s
arkouda_chpl_portability (2.1.0)	2m 43s
arkouda_chpl_portability (2.2.0)	3m 7s
arkouda_chpl_portability (2.3.0)	2m 40s
	2h 10m 33s

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