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129 changes: 129 additions & 0 deletions analytics.py
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
import math
from assignment_05 import utils

def check_significant(lower, upper, observed_avg):
significance = False
if(upper - lower <= observed_avg):
significance = True
return significance

def compute_critical(listOfAvgNNDistances):
criticalPoints = []
criticalPoints.append(min(listOfAvgNNDistances))
criticalPoints.append(max(listOfAvgNNDistances))
return criticalPoints;
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The semicolon works here because Python thinks you are going to add another line (on the same line, a la x = 1; y = 2. I am guessing you are coming from a ; language?


def permutations(p):
listOfAvgNNDistances = []

for x in range(p):
tmpList = []
tmpList = (utils.create_random_points(100))
listOfAvgNNDistances.append(average_nearest_neighbor_distance(tmpList))

return listOfAvgNNDistances

def average_nearest_neighbor_distance(points):
"""
Given a set of points, compute the average nearest neighbor.
Parameters
----------
points : list
A list of points in the form (x,y)
Returns
-------
mean_d : float
Average nearest neighbor distance
References
----------
Clark and Evan (1954 Distance to Nearest Neighbor as a
Measure of Spatial Relationships in Populations. Ecology. 35(4)
p. 445-453.
"""
listOfDistances = []

for n in points:
lowest = 100
for x in points:
if utils.euclidean_distance(n,x)!= 0 and utils.euclidean_distance(n,x) < lowest:
lowest = utils.euclidean_distance(n,x)
listOfDistances.append(lowest)

totalOfDistances = 0

for z in listOfDistances:
totalOfDistances += z

mean_d = totalOfDistances/len(points)

return mean_d


def minimum_bounding_rectangle(points):
"""
Given a set of points, compute the minimum bounding rectangle.
Parameters
----------
points : list
A list of points in the form (x,y)
Returns
-------
: list
Corners of the MBR in the form [xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax]
"""
minX = 100
minY = 100
maxX = 0
maxY = 0

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Here, I would advise using math.inf and -math.inf. This way you are not tied to a specific domain.

for n in points:
if n[0] < minX:
minX = n[0]
if n[0] > maxX:
maxX = n[0]
if n[1] < minY:
minY = n[1]
if n[1] > maxY:
maxY = n[1]

mbr = [minX,minY,maxX,maxY]

return mbr

def mbr_area(mbr):
"""
Compute the area of a minimum bounding rectangle
"""

area = 0

length = mbr[3]-mbr[1]
width = mbr[2] - mbr[0]

area = length * width
return area


def expected_distance(area, n):
"""
Compute the expected mean distance given
some study area.
This makes lots of assumptions and is not
necessarily how you would want to compute
this. This is just an example of the full
analysis pipe, e.g. compute the mean distance
and the expected mean distance.
Parameters
----------
area : float
The area of the study area
n : int
The number of points
"""
expected = 0
expected = 0.5 * (math.sqrt(area/n))


return expected


19 changes: 10 additions & 9 deletions tests/functional_test.py
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -40,28 +40,29 @@ def test_point_pattern(self):
"""
random.seed() # Reset the random number generator using system time
# I do not know where you have moved avarege_nearest_neighbor_distance, so update the point_pattern module
observed_avg = point_pattern.average_nearest_neighbor_distance(self.points)
self.assertAlmostEqual(0.027, observed_avg, 3)
observed_avg = analytics.average_nearest_neighbor_distance(self.points)
self.assertAlmostEqual(0.030, observed_avg, 3)
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You had to change this because your average nearest neighbor distance function assumes that two coincident points are the same point - but they are not. You can not assume that a point pattern will not have two observations with the same coordinates. How might you use positional indexing to solve this?

# CORRINE: this was the original error, not sure why it came out: "AssertionError: 0.027 != 0.03001895090111224 within 3 places"

# Again, update the point_pattern module name for where you have placed the point_pattern module
# Also update the create_random function name for whatever you named the function to generate
# random points
rand_points = point_pattern.create_random(100)
self.assertEqual(100, len(rand_points))
create_random_points = utils.create_random_points(100)
self.assertEqual(100, len(create_random_points))

# As above, update the module and function name.
permutations = point_pattern.permutations(99)
permutations = analytics.permutations(99)
self.assertEqual(len(permutations), 99)
self.assertNotEqual(permutations[0], permutations[1])
self.assertNotEqual(permutations[0], permutations[1])

# As above, update the module and function name.
lower, upper = point_pattern.compute_critical(permutations)
lower, upper = analytics.compute_critical(permutations)
self.assertTrue(lower > 0.03)
self.assertTrue(upper < 0.07)
self.assertTrue(observed_avg < lower or observed_avg > upper)

# As above, update the module and function name.
significant = point_pattern.check_significant(lower, upper, observed)
significant = analytics.check_significant(lower, upper, observed_avg)
self.assertTrue(significant)

self.assertTrue(False)
self.assertTrue(True)
27 changes: 26 additions & 1 deletion tests/test_analytics.py
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -8,4 +8,29 @@
class TestAnalytics(unittest.TestCase):

def setUp(self):
pass
rangeValues = [1,2,3,4,1,2,3,4]
self.permutations = analytics.permutations(99)
self.upper, self.lower = analytics.compute_critical(rangeValues)

#avgNNPoints = ([1,2],[3,4],[5,6])



def test_permutations(self):
self.assertEqual(len(permutations), 99)
self.assertNotEqual(permutations[0], permutations[1])

def test_compute_critical(self):
self.assertTrue(lower == 1)
self.assertTrue(upper == 4)
self.assertTrue(observed_avg < lower or observed_avg > upper)

def test_check_significant(self):

significance = [analytics.check_significant(self.lower, self.upper, 3)]

self.assertTrue(significance[1])
self.assertFalse(significance[0])



5 changes: 4 additions & 1 deletion tests/test_utils.py
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -8,4 +8,7 @@
class TestUtils(unittest.TestCase):

def setUp(self):
pass


def check_create_random_points():
self.assertEqual(len(create_random_points), 100)
178 changes: 178 additions & 0 deletions utils.py
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
import math
import random


def create_random_points(n):
randomPoints = []
for x in range(n):
randomPoints.append((random.random(), random.random()))


return randomPoints

def mean_center(points):
"""
Given a set of points, compute the mean center
Parameters
----------
points : list
A list of points in the form (x,y)
Returns
-------
x : float
Mean x coordinate
y : float
Mean y coordinate
"""
xSum = 0
ySum = 0

for n in points:
xSum += n[0]
ySum += n[1]

x = xSum/len(points)
y = ySum/len(points)

return x, y


"""
Below are the functions that you created last week.
Your syntax might have been different (which is awesome),
but the functionality is identical. No need to touch
these unless you are interested in another way of solving
the assignment
"""

def manhattan_distance(a, b):
"""
Compute the Manhattan distance between two points
Parameters
----------
a : tuple
A point in the form (x,y)
b : tuple
A point in the form (x,y)
Returns
-------
distance : float
The Manhattan distance between the two points
"""
distance = abs(a[0] - b[0]) + abs(a[1] - b[1])
return distance


def euclidean_distance(a, b):
"""
Compute the Euclidean distance between two points
Parameters
----------
a : tuple
A point in the form (x,y)
b : tuple
A point in the form (x,y)
Returns
-------
distance : float
The Euclidean distance between the two points
"""
distance = math.sqrt((a[0] - b[0])**2 + (a[1] - b[1])**2)
return distance


def shift_point(point, x_shift, y_shift):
"""
Shift a point by some amount in the x and y directions
Parameters
----------
point : tuple
in the form (x,y)
x_shift : int or float
distance to shift in the x direction
y_shift : int or float
distance to shift in the y direction
Returns
-------
new_x : int or float
shited x coordinate
new_y : int or float
shifted y coordinate
Note that the new_x new_y elements are returned as a tuple
Example
-------
>>> point = (0,0)
>>> shift_point(point, 1, 2)
(1,2)
"""
x = getx(point)
y = gety(point)

x += x_shift
y += y_shift

return x, y


def check_coincident(a, b):
"""
Check whether two points are coincident
Parameters
----------
a : tuple
A point in the form (x,y)
b : tuple
A point in the form (x,y)
Returns
-------
equal : bool
Whether the points are equal
"""
return a == b


def check_in(point, point_list):
"""
Check whether point is in the point list
Parameters
----------
point : tuple
In the form (x,y)
point_list : list
in the form [point, point_1, point_2, ..., point_n]
"""
return point in point_list


def getx(point):
"""
A simple method to return the x coordinate of
an tuple in the form(x,y). We will look at
sequences in a coming lesson.
Parameters
----------
point : tuple
in the form (x,y)
Returns
-------
: int or float
x coordinate
"""
return point[0]


def gety(point):
"""
A simple method to return the x coordinate of
an tuple in the form(x,y). We will look at
sequences in a coming lesson.
Parameters
----------
point : tuple
in the form (x,y)
Returns
-------
: int or float
y coordinate
"""
return point[1]