介绍scrapy项目结构以及属性方法readme文件

scrapy_58tc_037/readme.md

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+1.scrapy项目的结构
+    项目名字
+        项目名字
+            spiders文件夹(存储的是爬虫文件)
+                init
+                自定义的爬虫文件        核心功能文件************最重要的
+            init
+            items           定义数据结构的地方 爬取的数据包含哪些
+            middlewares     中间件            代理
+            pipelines       管道              用来处理下载的数据
+            settings        配置文件          robots协议 ua定义
+
+
+2.response的属性和方法
+    response.text       获取响应的字符串
+    response.body       获取二进制数据
+    response.xpath      可以直接使用xpath方法来解析response中的内容
+    response.extract()  提取selector对象的data属性值
+    response.extract_first()    提取的是selector列表的第一个数据

scrapy_58tc_037/scrapy.cfg

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+# Automatically created by: scrapy startproject
+#
+# For more information about the [deploy] section see:
+# https://scrapyd.readthedocs.io/en/latest/deploy.html
+
+[settings]
+default = scrapy_58tc_037.settings
+
+[deploy]
+#url = http://localhost:6800/
+project = scrapy_58tc_037

scrapy_58tc_037/scrapy_58tc_037/items.py

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+# Define here the models for your scraped items
+#
+# See documentation in:
+# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html
+
+import scrapy
+
+
+class Scrapy58Tc037Item(scrapy.Item):
+    # define the fields for your item here like:
+    # name = scrapy.Field()
+    pass

scrapy_58tc_037/scrapy_58tc_037/middlewares.py

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+# Define here the models for your spider middleware
+#
+# See documentation in:
+# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
+
+from scrapy import signals
+
+# useful for handling different item types with a single interface
+from itemadapter import is_item, ItemAdapter
+
+
+class Scrapy58Tc037SpiderMiddleware:
+    # Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
+    # scrapy acts as if the spider middleware does not modify the
+    # passed objects.
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
+        # This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
+        s = cls()
+        crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
+        return s
+
+    def process_spider_input(self, response, spider):
+        # Called for each response that goes through the spider
+        # middleware and into the spider.
+
+        # Should return None or raise an exception.
+        return None
+
+    def process_spider_output(self, response, result, spider):
+        # Called with the results returned from the Spider, after
+        # it has processed the response.
+
+        # Must return an iterable of Request, or item objects.
+        for i in result:
+            yield i
+
+    def process_spider_exception(self, response, exception, spider):
+        # Called when a spider or process_spider_input() method
+        # (from other spider middleware) raises an exception.
+
+        # Should return either None or an iterable of Request or item objects.
+        pass
+
+    def process_start_requests(self, start_requests, spider):
+        # Called with the start requests of the spider, and works
+        # similarly to the process_spider_output() method, except
+        # that it doesn’t have a response associated.
+
+        # Must return only requests (not items).
+        for r in start_requests:
+            yield r
+
+    def spider_opened(self, spider):
+        spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)
+
+
+class Scrapy58Tc037DownloaderMiddleware:
+    # Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
+    # scrapy acts as if the downloader middleware does not modify the
+    # passed objects.
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
+        # This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
+        s = cls()
+        crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
+        return s
+
+    def process_request(self, request, spider):
+        # Called for each request that goes through the downloader
+        # middleware.
+
+        # Must either:
+        # - return None: continue processing this request
+        # - or return a Response object
+        # - or return a Request object
+        # - or raise IgnoreRequest: process_exception() methods of
+        #   installed downloader middleware will be called
+        return None
+
+    def process_response(self, request, response, spider):
+        # Called with the response returned from the downloader.
+
+        # Must either;
+        # - return a Response object
+        # - return a Request object
+        # - or raise IgnoreRequest
+        return response
+
+    def process_exception(self, request, exception, spider):
+        # Called when a download handler or a process_request()
+        # (from other downloader middleware) raises an exception.
+
+        # Must either:
+        # - return None: continue processing this exception
+        # - return a Response object: stops process_exception() chain
+        # - return a Request object: stops process_exception() chain
+        pass
+
+    def spider_opened(self, spider):
+        spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)

scrapy_58tc_037/scrapy_58tc_037/pipelines.py

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+# Define your item pipelines here
+#
+# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
+# See: https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
+
+
+# useful for handling different item types with a single interface
+from itemadapter import ItemAdapter
+
+
+class Scrapy58Tc037Pipeline:
+    def process_item(self, item, spider):
+        return item

scrapy_58tc_037/scrapy_58tc_037/settings.py

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+# Scrapy settings for scrapy_58tc_037 project
+#
+# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
+# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
+#
+#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
+#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
+#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
+
+BOT_NAME = 'scrapy_58tc_037'
+
+SPIDER_MODULES = ['scrapy_58tc_037.spiders']
+NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'scrapy_58tc_037.spiders'
+
+
+# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
+#USER_AGENT = 'scrapy_58tc_037 (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'
+
+# Obey robots.txt rules
+# ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True
+
+# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
+#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32
+
+# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
+# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
+# See also autothrottle settings and docs
+#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
+# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
+#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
+#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16
+
+# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
+#COOKIES_ENABLED = False
+
+# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
+#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False
+
+# Override the default request headers:
+# DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
+#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
+#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
+# }
+
+# Enable or disable spider middlewares
+# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
+# SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
+#    'scrapy_58tc_037.middlewares.Scrapy58Tc037SpiderMiddleware': 543,
+# }
+
+# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
+# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
+# DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
+#    'scrapy_58tc_037.middlewares.Scrapy58Tc037DownloaderMiddleware': 543,
+# }
+
+# Enable or disable extensions
+# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
+# EXTENSIONS = {
+#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
+# }
+
+# Configure item pipelines
+# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
+# ITEM_PIPELINES = {
+#    'scrapy_58tc_037.pipelines.Scrapy58Tc037Pipeline': 300,
+# }
+
+# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
+# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
+#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
+# The initial download delay
+#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
+# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
+#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
+# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
+# each remote server
+#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
+# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
+#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False
+
+# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
+# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
+#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
+#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
+#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
+#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
+#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'

scrapy_58tc_037/scrapy_58tc_037/spiders/__init__.py

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+# This package will contain the spiders of your Scrapy project
+#
+# Please refer to the documentation for information on how to create and manage
+# your spiders.

scrapy_58tc_037/scrapy_58tc_037/spiders/tc.py

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+import scrapy
+
+
+class TcSpider(scrapy.Spider):
+    name = 'tc'
+    allowed_domains = [
+        'https://wn.58.com/job/?key=%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91']
+    start_urls = [
+        'https://wn.58.com/job/?key=%E5%89%8D%E7%AB%AF%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/']
+
+    def parse(self, response):
+        # print('山东菏泽曹县')
+        # 获取字符串
+        # content = response.text
+        # 获取二进制数据
+        # content = response.body
+
+        print('================')
+        # print(content)
+
+        span = response.xpath('//div[@id="filterJob"]//li[@class="select"]')[0]
+        print(span.extract())
+        # print(span)