Implemented index-based array assignments

[Luna-Klatzer]

What type of change does this PR perform?

• Info or documentation change (Non-breaking change that updates repo info files (e.g. README.md, CONTRIBUTING.md, etc.) or online documentation)
• Website (Change that changes the design or functionality of the websites or docs)
• Development or internal changes (These changes do not add new features or fix bugs, but update the code in other ways)
• Bug fix (Non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (Non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (Major bug fix or feature that would cause existing functionality not to work as expected.)
• Requires a documentation update, as it changes language or compiler behaviour

Summary

Implemented support for index-based array assignment expressions, which allow the modification of individual parts of an array.

Closes #669

Detailed Changelog

Not present for website/docs changes

Added

• Support for index-based array assignments. (#669)
• New type BuiltInReference, which replaces the now removed type Reference in the KipperProgramContext for reference tracking of built-in types.
• New Properties:
  • BuiltInFunction.funcType, which returns a function type for the built-in function.
  • FunctionDeclarationTypeSemantics.type, which returns the type of the function declaration i.e. the function type.
  • LambdaPrimaryExpressionTypeSemantics.type, which returns the type of the lambda primary expression i.e. the
    function type.

Changed

• Renamed module compiler/.../expressions/arithmetic to arithmetic-expression.

Fixed

• All functions and lambdas simply resolving to Func instead of the appropriate filled-up Func<T..., R> type. This now enables proper type checking for function references.

Removed

• Type Reference as it is no longer needed and has been replaced by KipperReferenceable.

Does this PR create new warnings?

None.

Linked issues or PRs

• [Feature] Implement assignment to arrays based on index #669

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 94.11765% with 3 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 84.00%. Comparing base (5e0ecc5) to head (41f9b6a).

Files	Patch %	Lines
...rc/compiler/semantics/analyser/semantic-checker.ts	60.00%	1 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
...re/src/compiler/semantics/analyser/type-checker.ts	88.88%	0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##           dev-next     #677      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     83.98%   84.00%   +0.02%     
============================================
  Files           270      270              
  Lines          4502     4514      +12     
  Branches        479      481       +2     
============================================
+ Hits           3781     3792      +11     
- Misses          582      583       +1     
  Partials        139      139              

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