clarify Illex catch comparison 2022-2021

SOE-MAFMC-2023.Rmd

@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ Recreational effort (angler trips) in 2021 is around the long-term average (Fig.
 ### Implications
 While the overall number of recreational opportunities in the MAB is above the long-term average, the continuing decline in recreational fleet effort diversity suggests a potentially reduced range of recreational fishing options, despite the slight increase in this indicator’s value between 2020 and 2021.
 
-The downward effort diversity trend is driven by party/charter contraction (2% currently), and a shift toward shorebased angling, which currently makes up 61% of angler trips.. Effort in private boats remains stable at around 37% of trips.
+The downward effort diversity trend is driven by party/charter contraction (2% currently), and a shift toward shorebased angling, which currently makes up 61% of angler trips. Effort in private boats remains stable at around 37% of trips.
 
 Changes in recreational fleet diversity can be considered when managers seek options to maintain recreational opportunities. Shore anglers will have access to different species than vessel-based anglers, and when the same species is accessible both from shore and from a vessel, shore anglers typically have access to smaller individuals. Many states have developed shore-based regulations where the minimum size is lower than in other areas and sectors to maintain opportunities in the shore angling sector.
 
@@ -832,7 +832,7 @@ Forage and structure-forming species were likely favored by 2022 conditions in C
 ##### *Offshore habitat and managed species*  
 Ocean acidification also has different implications, depending on the species and life stage. Summer aragonite saturation was at or below the sensitivity levels for both Atlantic sea scallop and longfin squid in Long Island Sound and the nearshore and mid-shelf regions of the New Jersey shelf (Fig. \ref{fig:mab-oa}, right panels) several times over the past decade. Recent lab studies have found that surf clams exhibited metabolic depression in a pH range of 7.46-7.28 [@pousse_energetic_2020]. Aggregated data from 2007-2021 show that summer bottom ocean pH (7.69-8.07) has not yet reached the metabolic depression threshold observed for surfclams in lab studies so far.  The projected effects of changing temperature and ocean chemistry over the coming century may alter surfclam growth and reproduction [@pousse_dynamic_2022]. 
 
-While offshore habitat conditions have degraded for some species, they have improved for others. Between  2017 and 2021, extraordinarily high availability of northern shortfin squid (*Illex*) were observed in the Mid-Atlantic, resulting in high fishery catch per unit effort (CPUE) and early fishery closures. High instances of squid catch near the shelf break are significantly related to low bottom temperatures (< 10 degrees C), high salinity ( >35.6 psu), increased chlorophyll frontal activity, as well as the presence and orientation of warm core rings. Warm core rings are an important contributor to squid availability, likely influencing habitat conditions across different life stages and as a transport mechanism of higher salinity water to the shelf. In addition, fishing effort is often concentrated on the eastern edge of warm core rings, which are associated with upwelling and enhanced productivity. There were fewer warm core rings near the continental shelf in 2022, which combined with economic fishery drivers may have contributed to total catch of *Illex* squid being 20% less than the total catch reported in 2021.
+While offshore habitat conditions have degraded for some species, they have improved for others. Between  2017 and 2021, extraordinarily high availability of northern shortfin squid (*Illex*) were observed in the Mid-Atlantic, resulting in high fishery catch per unit effort (CPUE) and early fishery closures. High instances of squid catch near the shelf break are significantly related to low bottom temperatures (< 10 degrees C), high salinity ( >35.6 psu), increased chlorophyll frontal activity, as well as the presence and orientation of warm core rings. Warm core rings are an important contributor to squid availability, likely influencing habitat conditions across different life stages and as a transport mechanism of higher salinity water to the shelf. In addition, fishing effort is often concentrated on the eastern edge of warm core rings, which are associated with upwelling and enhanced productivity. There were fewer warm core rings near the continental shelf in 2022, which combined with economic fishery drivers may have contributed to total catch of *Illex* squid being less than 20% of the total catch reported in 2021.
 
 #### Marine heatwave impacts
 The adjustment to the marine heatwave methodology shows that extreme temperature events happen intermittently in many years, but have not been increasing over time in the Mid-Atlantic. While temperature variability in isolation has not changed, considering the overall increase in ocean temperature at both the surface and the bottom in the region, extreme events can represent additional stress to organisms. While marine heatwaves lasting over days may disturb the marine environment, long lasting events such as the warming in 2012 (Fig. \ref{fig:heatwave}) can have significant impacts to the ecosystem [@gawarkiewicz_characteristics_2019]. The 2012 heatwave affected the lobster fishery most notably, but other species also shifted their geographic distributions and seasonal cycles [@mills_fisheries_2013]. During the 2017 event, warm water fish typically found in the Gulf Stream were caught in shallow waters near Block Island, RI [@gawarkiewicz_changing_2018]. 

latex/header1.tex

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 
 \fancyheadinit{%
    \ifthenelse{\value{page}=4}%
-      {\fancyhead[R]{\includegraphics[width=40pt]{images/NOAA_logo.png} \\ \textsf{\emph{March 21, 2023}}}
+      {\fancyhead[R]{\includegraphics[width=40pt]{images/NOAA_logo.png} \\ \textsf{\emph{April 10, 2023}}}
        \fancyhead[L]{\textsf{\LARGE State of the Ecosystem 2023: Mid-Atlantic}}
       }%
       {\fancyhead[R]{}