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add erratum
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Kimberly Bastille authored and Kimberly Bastille committed Apr 27, 2021
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion SOE-MAFMC-2021.Rmd
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Expand Up @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Bycatch management measures have been implemented to maintain bycatch below Pote

The number of gray seals in U.S. waters has risen dramatically in the last three decades. Based on a survey conducted in 2016, the size of the gray seal population in the U.S. during the breeding season was approximately 27,000 animals, while in Canada the population was estimated to be roughly 425,000. A survey conducted in 2021 in both countries will provide updated estimates of abundance. The population in Canada is increasing at roughly 4% per year, and contributing to rates of increase in the U.S., where the number of pupping sites has increased from 1 in 1988 to 9 in 2019. Mean rates of increase in the number of pups born at various times since 1988 at four of the more data-rich pupping sites (Muskeget, Monomoy, Seal, and Green Islands) ranged from no change on Green Island to high rates increase on the other three islands, with a maximum increase of 26.3% (95\%CI: 21.6 - 31.4\%; @wood_rates_2020 and see Figure in New England SOE report). These high rates of increase provide further support for the hypothesis that seals from Canada are continually supplementing the breeding population in U.S. waters.

Strong evidence exists to suggest that interactions between right whales and the offshore lobster gear in the U.S. and snow crab gear in Canada is contributing substantially to the decline of the species. Further, right whale distribution has changed since 2010. New research suggests that recent climate driven changes in ocean circulation have resulted in right whale distribution changes driven by increased warm water influx through the Northeast Channel, which has reduced the primary right whale prey (*Calanus finmarchicus*) in the central and eastern portions of the Gulf of Maine [@hayes_north_2018; @record_rapid_2019; @sorochan_north_2019].
Strong evidence exists to suggest that interactions between right whales and the fixed gear fisheries in the U.S. and Canada is contributing substantially to the decline of the species^[Erratum: Submitted by the authors. In the initial printing of this report, on page 20, we used an overly precise description of interactions between right whales and fishing gear. Our attention was drawn to this by the Atlantic Offshore Lobstermen's Association. Upon reconsideration, we are replacing the original language (“Strong evidence exists to suggest that interactions between right whales and the offshore lobster gear in the U.S. and snow crab gear in Canada is contributing substantially to the decline of the species.") with a broader description that can be supported by currently available data ("Strong evidence exists to suggest that interactions between right whales and fixed gear fisheries in the U.S. and Canada are contributing substantially to the decline of the species.") The corrected language appears in the revised edition.]. Further, right whale distribution has changed since 2010. New research suggests that recent climate driven changes in ocean circulation have resulted in right whale distribution changes driven by increased warm water influx through the Northeast Channel, which has reduced the primary right whale prey (*Calanus finmarchicus*) in the central and eastern portions of the Gulf of Maine [@hayes_north_2018; @record_rapid_2019; @sorochan_north_2019].

The UMEs are under investigation and are likely the result of multiple drivers. For all three large whale UMEs, human interaction appears to have contributed to increased mortalities, although investigations are not complete. An investigation into the cause of the seal UME so far suggests phocine distemper virus as a potential cause.

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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion latex/header.tex
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\AddEverypageHook{%
\ifthenelse{\value{page}=4}%
{\rhead{\includegraphics[width=40pt]{images/NOAA_logo.png} \\ \textsf{\emph{March 22, 2021}}}
{\rhead{\includegraphics[width=40pt]{images/NOAA_logo.png} \\ \textsf{\emph{April 26, 2021}}}
\lhead{\textsf{\LARGE State of the Ecosystem 2021: Mid-Atlantic}}
}%
{\rhead{}
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