nixos/luksroot: Exit if EOF detected in cryptsetup-askpass

[nicomem]

Description of changes

In cryptsetup-askpass, detect when EOF is reached and if so, display an error message and exit.
Solves partially #296452.

With the changes of this PR:

$ echo my-password | ssh my-remote-server 

Pseudo-terminal will not be allocated because stdin is not a terminal.
Passphrase for /dev/disk/by-uuid/{...}: 
Waiting 10 seconds for LUKS to request a passphrase...... - success
Passphrase for /dev/disk/by-uuid/{...}: 
End of File reached. Exiting shell

$ 

Things done

• Built on platform(s)
  • x86_64-linux
  • aarch64-linux
  • x86_64-darwin
  • aarch64-darwin
• For non-Linux: Is sandboxing enabled in nix.conf? (See Nix manual)
  • sandbox = relaxed
  • sandbox = true
• Tested, as applicable:
  • NixOS test(s) (look inside nixos/tests)
  • and/or package tests
  • or, for functions and "core" functionality, tests in lib/tests or pkgs/test
  • made sure NixOS tests are linked to the relevant packages
• Tested compilation of all packages that depend on this change using nix-shell -p nixpkgs-review --run "nixpkgs-review rev HEAD". Note: all changes have to be committed, also see nixpkgs-review usage
• Tested basic functionality of all binary files (usually in ./result/bin/)
• 24.05 Release Notes (or backporting 23.05 and 23.11 Release notes)
  • (Package updates) Added a release notes entry if the change is major or breaking
  • (Module updates) Added a release notes entry if the change is significant
  • (Module addition) Added a release notes entry if adding a new NixOS module
• Fits CONTRIBUTING.md.

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[nixos-discourse]

This pull request has been mentioned on NixOS Discourse. There might be relevant details there:

https://discourse.nixos.org/t/prs-ready-for-review-december/1711/22

[nicomem]

Re-pinging reviewer : @dasJ