Allow for compatibility with Python 3.12

[jdebacker]

This PR updates test files so that the unit tests pass on Python 3.12. As noted in Issue #889, the OG-Core has run on Python 3.12 for some time. The update here ensure that we can tests against 3.12 and therefore publish packages compatible with that version of Python.

cc @rickecon

[jdebacker]

Remaining work:

• I am aware of a test failure in the test_output_tables.py function. It seems that the new 3.12 pickle from has just one industry whereas the TPI output read into the test_output_tables.test_dynamic_revenue_decomposition test has three industries. TODO: update either the 3.12 pickle to have M=3.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 69.98%. Comparing base (8bbaa26) to head (118479e).
Report is 14 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #969      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   71.08%   69.98%   -1.11%     
==========================================
  Files          20       20              
  Lines        4977     4977              
==========================================
- Hits         3538     3483      -55     
- Misses       1439     1494      +55     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	69.98% <100.00%> (-1.11%)	⬇️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Files	Coverage Δ
ogcore/__init__.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

... and 3 files with indirect coverage changes

[rickecon]

@jdebacker. The black formatting test is failing. And we should update the middle number (minor) of the version for this one (e.g., 0.12.0). And I think we should make the version requirement python>= 3.7.7, <3.13 in both environment.yml and setup.py. And finally, if we move to Python 3.12 as our latest supported version, I think we should change our GitHub Actions to run on Python 3.11 and 3.12, with the single runs running on 3.12.

[rickecon]

@jdebacker.

• The four tests at the end of test_output_tables.py are failing in MacOS Python 3.12, but not in Python 3.10 and 3.11. I thought this was fixed with your previous commits. So I don't understand why it is failing now.
• In build_and_test.yml, I think we should only test two versions of Python. So I propose we update the tests to only by Python 3.11 and 3.12.
• In environment.yml and setup.py, I think we should limit the Python version to be less than Python 3.13 (python<=3.7.7,<3.13`). This will prevent the problems that inevitably arise when someone's conda package allows Python 3.13. This page shows the production schedule and expiration dates of Python packages. I think this highlights the value of just keeping two packages that we test on. Note that Python 3.10 is set to expire on 2026-10.
• In check_black.yml, deploy_docs.yml, docs_check.yml, and publish_to_pypi.yml, update the Python version line to python-version: "3.12".
• In setup.py, __init__.py, and CHANGELOG.md, update the version to 0.12.0.

[rickecon]

@jdebacker. This looks great. Thanks for making this update. Merging now.