add structural dynamics example

[vflores-io]

This PR adds an example of the Augmented Kalman Filter for joint input-state estimation in structural dynamics using RxInfer.jl. The example includes:

• A structural toy model setup.
• Synthetic data generation.
• Joint input-state estimation using the AKF smoother.
• The example is based on the blog https://vflores-io.github.io/.

[bvdmitri]

Thanks @vflores-io for the example! Amazing! The core team is at the holiday mood right now, but we are going to review your work as soon as we can. Happy holidays!

[vflores-io]

Thank you @bvdmitri ! Heads-up: I will update in the next commit the shear_model png because in the previous version I forgot to draw the k coefficients.
Happy holidays!

[bvdmitri]

Hey @vflores-io, do you still plan to update the png? I'm not sure if you still want to work on the PR or it can be reviewed?

[vflores-io]

Hey @vflores-io, do you still plan to update the png? I'm not sure if you still want to work on the PR or it can be reviewed?

I will push the updated png right now. The changes are minimal, and that is the only change at the moment. I would appreciate it if you could review the PR, thank you for your time!

[bvdmitri]

Amazing @vflores-io , I adjusted the introduction a bit to my own taste, but I kept most of your text and also kept the attribution (Also added link to your GitHub profile). I also added the notebook to our automated build process. IMO the example is nice and ready to go. I approve but we first should wait till CI completes to merge it.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 84.70%. Comparing base (b89f097) to head (d346fdc).
Report is 16 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

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  Misses        233      233           

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[bvdmitri]

Thanks @vflores-io !