ci: set up GitHub Actions for CI

- Add CI workflow for running clippy, formatting, docs, and tests

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+name: CI
+
+on: [pull_request, push]
+
+env:
+  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
+  RUSTFLAGS: --deny warnings
+  RUSTDOCFLAGS: --deny warnings
+
+jobs:
+  clippy:
+    name: Clippy
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Cache Cargo artifacts
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ~/.cargo/bin/
+            ~/.cargo/registry/index/
+            ~/.cargo/registry/cache/
+            ~/.cargo/git/db/
+            target/
+          key: cargo-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}
+
+      - name: Install Rust toolchain
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+
+      - name: Install alsa and udev
+        run: sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends libasound2-dev libudev-dev
+
+      - name: Run clippy lints
+        run: cargo clippy --locked --workspace --all-targets --all-features -- --deny warnings
+
+  format:
+    name: Format
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Cache Cargo artifacts
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ~/.cargo/bin/
+            ~/.cargo/registry/index/
+            ~/.cargo/registry/cache/
+            ~/.cargo/git/db/
+            target/
+          key: cargo-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}
+
+      - name: Install Rust toolchain
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+        with:
+          components: rustfmt
+
+      - name: Run cargo fmt
+        run: cargo fmt --all -- --check
+
+  doc:
+    name: Docs
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Cache Cargo artifacts
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ~/.cargo/bin/
+            ~/.cargo/registry/index/
+            ~/.cargo/registry/cache/
+            ~/.cargo/git/db/
+            target/
+          key: cargo-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}
+
+      - name: Install Rust toolchain
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+
+      - name: Install alsa and udev
+        run: sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends libasound2-dev libudev-dev
+
+      - name: Check documentation
+        run: cargo doc --locked --workspace --all-features --document-private-items --no-deps
+
+  test:
+    name: Tests
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Cache Cargo artifacts
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ~/.cargo/bin/
+            ~/.cargo/registry/index/
+            ~/.cargo/registry/cache/
+            ~/.cargo/git/db/
+            target/
+          key: cargo-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}
+
+      - name: Install Rust toolchain
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+
+      - name: Install alsa and udev
+        run: sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends libasound2-dev libudev-dev
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: |
+          cargo test --locked --workspace --all-features --all-targets
+          # Workaround for https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo/issues/6669
+          cargo test --locked --workspace --all-features --doc
+
+      - name: Generate code coverage
+        run: cargo llvm-cov --all-features --no-cfg-coverage --workspace --lcov --output-path lcov.info
+
+      - name: Upload coverage to Codecov
+        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v4
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
+          files: lcov.info