Coldwar pss (#2701)

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Co-authored-by: owencking <[email protected]>

app/views/primary_source_sets/cold-war.md

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+# The Cold War
+
+## Thumbnail
+
+![Fallout Shelter sign, Tifton County Georgia, by Michael Rivera (cropped) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fallout_Shelter_sign,_Union_Depot,_Tifton.jpg, CC-BY-SA 4.0](https://s3.amazonaws.com/americanarchive.org/primary_source_sets/Thumbnail_Cold_War.jpg "Fallout Shelter sign, Tifton County Georgia, by Michael Rivera (cropped) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fallout_Shelter_sign,_Union_Depot,_Tifton.jpg, CC-BY-SA 4.0")
+
+## Cover
+https://s3.amazonaws.com/americanarchive.org/primary_source_sets/Main_Cold_War.jpg
+
+## Author
+
+Brenna Greer, Wellesley College
+
+## Subjects
+
+- The Cold War, 1945-1975: Containment and Early Cold War Conflicts
+- The Cold War, 1945-1975: Race for Military and Technological Supremacy
+
+## Introduction
+
+During World War II, the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) had been allies. After the war, however, divergent ideological and economic systems and competing geopolitical interests fueled a conflict between the former allies that was quickly dubbed the “Cold War.” This “war” began in the immediate postwar years. As Soviet leader Joseph Stalin sought to expand the USSR's sphere of influence in Eurasia, the United States responded with multiple economic and military “containment” policies. The Cold War continued for decades and ended with the demise of the Soviet Union in 1991, following the steady decrease in the influence of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) under the leadership of Mikhail Gorbachev and his reform programs of perestroika (restructuring) and glasnost (openness or transparency), which encouraged democratic forces in Russia and other Soviet satellite nations. 
+
+The main players, the United States and Soviet Union, were hardly the only nations affected by the Cold War. The two superpowers drew multiple African, Latin American, Asian, Southeast Asian, and European countries into their conflict. In particular, the contest between U.S. and Soviet nuclear power that characterized the Cold War made this conflict supremely relevant and perilous for nations the world over. Additionally, the U.S. and the Soviet Union each provided financial, military, and political support to friendly governments engaged in wars that served their respective interests, either containing or spreading communism. These “proxy wars” included the Korean War, Suez Crisis, Congolese Crisis, Angolan Civil War, Ethiopian Crisis, Nicaraguan Revolution, Salvadoran Civil War, Soviet-Afghan War, and, most notably, the Vietnam War. In addition to proxy wars, key forces and events that defined the Cold War included: postwar division and occupation of Germany and Berlin; erection of the Berlin Wall in 1961; the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis; establishment of key American defense institutions, including the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), National Security Agency (NSA), and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); establishment of international military alliances, including the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO), the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), and the Warsaw Pact; nuclear arms and space races; the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks and Treaties; and the fall of the Berlin Wall (1989).
+
+
+
+## Teachingtips
+
+The video and audio clips in this source set are drawn from documentary footage, propagandist films, news reports, and recorded interviews; collectively, they map some of the broad contours of the Cold War. These sources provide details about major Cold War events, highlight individuals who figure prominently in Cold War history, and attest to the international and transnational importance of this conflict. They trace the global position and power of the United States throughout the second half of the twentieth century.
+
+#### Background Information
+
+Before engaging with this resource set, students should be familiar with the following:
+
+- U.S. and Soviet involvement in World War II
+- The establishment, composition, and ideology of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics (USSR)
+- The Vietnam War
+
+
+<hr>
+
+#### Essential Question 
+
+What is the significance of the Cold War within U.S. history? 
+
+
+<hr>
+
+#### General Discussion Questions
+- How did the Cold War extend beyond the United States and the Soviet Union?
+- Which events do histories of the Cold War typically highlight? Why?
+- What is the legacy of the Cold War, for the United States and globally?
+
+
+<hr>
+
+#### Classroom Activities
+
+**1) Topic: The Cold War and other nations**
+
+Ask students to watch the following sources and then discuss one or more of the questions: 
+
+- [Panel Discussion of the Korean War as a Cold War Conflict (1995)](/primary_source_sets/cold-war/03-507-639k35n24m)
+- [The Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)](/primary_source_sets/cold-war/05-15-k649p2wg6h)
+- [Why Vietnam (1965)](/primary_source_sets/cold-war/07-15-1g0ht2gc5k)
+
+According to these sources, what is the significance of East Asia, Southeast Asia, and/or Latin America within Cold War history? From a U.S. perspective, what were the stakes in each of these conflicts (the Korean War, Cuban Missile Crisis, and Vietnam War)? What are some ways that the Cold War between the U.S. and the Soviet Union impacted other nations? In what ways might the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union have served other countries’ purposes? What, if any, propagandist ideas do these sources document? How did U.S. interests and actions in the Korean War align with or differ from U.S. interests and actions in the Vietnam War? 
+
+
+**2) Topic: The arms race and nuclear policy**
+
+Ask students to watch the following sources and then discuss one or more of the questions: 
+
+- [The U.S. Hydrogen Bomb Program Operation Ivy (1952)](/primary_source_sets/cold-war/02-15-ft8df6k85x)
+- [U.S. Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (1970)](/primary_source_sets/cold-war/06-15-jh3cz32c4m)
+- [The United States and SALT (1979)](/primary_source_sets/cold-war/08-259-901zgw6h)
+
+Based on these sources, what factors defined the arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union? How did U.S. nuclear policy change over time? Why? What does U.S. nuclear policy reveal about U.S. attitudes toward the Soviet Union? Who produced these films and what objectives did they have? What national narratives do these documentary films convey? 
+
+
+**3) Topic: The Berlin Wall**
+
+Ask students to watch the following sources and then discuss one or more of the questions: 
+
+- [The History and Significance of the Berlin Wall (1981)](/primary_source_sets/cold-war/04-507-k93125r50q)
+- [Unrestricted Travels and Free Elections in East Germany (1989)](/primary_source_sets/cold-war/09-507-x639z91909)
+
+According to these sources, how did the Berlin Wall figure into the Cold War? What changes occurred with respect to the Berlin Wall and, more broadly, East-West relations during the years between the two films? What do these sources reveal about the Wall as a physical structure? A symbolic structure? How did different groups view the Berlin Wall? How did different groups experience the Wall? 
+
+
+**4) Topic: Communism in Europe in the late 1980s**
+
+Ask students to watch the following sources and then discuss one or more of the questions: 
+
+- [Unrestricted Travels and Free Elections in East Germany (1989)](/primary_source_sets/cold-war/09-507-x639z91909)
+- [Secretary of State James Baker Discusses the Collapse of the Soviet Union (1995)](/primary_source_sets/cold-war/10-507-5x2599zr5q)
+
+According to these sources, what was the state of communism in Europe during the late 1980s? What accounted for those circumstances? How did U.S. and Western officials interpret these circumstances? How did communist officials view them? How did James Baker’s role as former Secretary of State affect his perspective and conclusions? 
+
+<hr>
+
+## Pdflink
+
+https://s3.amazonaws.com/americanarchive.org/primary_source_sets/AAPB_Cold_War_Teaching-Tips.pdf
+
+
+## Additionalresources
+
+- [**The Cold War series**](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8hNHC9nbLlzb4miGp5pZPYCk9Zw0dGke), Turner Original Productions, via YouTube
+- [**What Was the Berlin Wall and How Did It Fall?**](https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/what-was-the-berlin-wall-and-how-did-it-fall), Imperial War Museum, UK
+- [**End of the Cold War**](https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/topics/end-cold-war), The Wilson Center Digital Archive
+- [**Making the History of 1989**](https://rrchnm.org/portfolio-item/making-the-history-of-1989/), Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media, George Mason University
+
+
+## Youmayalsolike
+- special collection,wapina
+- exhibit,newshour-cold-war
+
+
+## Citation
+
+Greer, Brenna. "The Cold War." WGBH and the Library of Congress. https://americanarchive.org/primary_source_sets/cold-war.
+
+
+## Guid
+## Cliptime

app/views/primary_source_sets/cold-war/01-529-9p2w37n001.md

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+# Origins of the Cold War (1975)
+
+## Thumbnail
+
+![Audio icon](https://s3.amazonaws.com/americanarchive.org/primary_source_sets/audio-digitized.jpg "Audio icon")
+
+## Guid
+cpb-aacip-529-9p2w37n001
+
+## Introduction
+
+In this audio clip from the University of Texas at Austin Communications Center program "American Politics and Diplomacy," Walt Rostow, a professor of history and economics and advisor to presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson, outlines the origins of the Cold War. He provides explanations for what led to the Cold War from the perspectives of both the United States and the Soviet Union. 
+
+<b>Origins of the Cold War</b>
+<b>| American Politics and Diplomacy | February 25, 1975 </b>
+<i>This audio clip and associated transcript appear from 04:08 - 13:22 in the full record.</i>
+
+## Teachingtips
+
+## Citation
+
+## Cliptime
+
+0248,0802
+
+## Author
+## Subjects
+## Pdflink
+## Additionalresources
+## Cover

app/views/primary_source_sets/cold-war/02-15-ft8df6k85x.md

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+# The U.S. Hydrogen Bomb Program Operation Ivy (1952)
+
+## Thumbnail
+
+![Screenshot of media asset](https://s3.amazonaws.com/americanarchive.org/primary_source_sets/02-15-ft8df6k85x.jpg "Screenshot media asset")
+
+## Guid
+cpb-aacip-15-ft8df6k85x
+
+## Introduction
+
+This video clip from the episode “The Weapon of Choice” of the series _War and Peace in the Nuclear Age_ features footage from the government-produced public service film _Operation Ivy_. Televised in redacted form in 1954, _Operation Ivy_ explained hydrogen nuclear energy and its national security importance to Americans and demonstrated its power with video documentation of the 1952 detonation of “Mike,” which was the first full-scale test of a hydrogen bomb. 
+
+<b>“The Weapon of Choice”</b>
+<b>| WGBH | 1952 </b>
+<i>This video clip and associated transcript appear from 16:08 - 18:56 in the full record.</i>
+
+## Teachingtips
+
+## Citation
+
+## Cliptime
+
+0968,1136
+
+## Author
+## Subjects
+## Pdflink
+## Additionalresources
+## Cover

app/views/primary_source_sets/cold-war/03-507-639k35n24m.md

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+# Panel Discussion of the Korean War as a Cold War Conflict (1995)
+
+## Thumbnail
+
+![Screenshot of media asset](https://s3.amazonaws.com/americanarchive.org/primary_source_sets/03-507-639k35n24m.jpg "Screenshot media asset")
+
+## Guid
+cpb-aacip-507-639k35n24m
+
+## Introduction
+
+In this video clip from _The MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour_, presidential historians Doris Kearns Goodwin and Michael Beschloss, along with author and journalist David Frum and historian Bruce Cumings, discuss the details and legacy of the Korean War. They discuss how the Korean War, often called “America’s Forgotten War,” should be assessed in terms of later Cold War history. 
+
+<b>_The MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour_</b>
+<b>| NewsHour Productions | July 26, 1995 </b>
+<i>This video clip and associated transcript appear from 23:14 - 29:32 in the full record.</i>
+
+## Teachingtips
+
+## Citation
+
+## Cliptime
+
+1394,1772
+
+## Author
+## Subjects
+## Pdflink
+## Additionalresources
+## Cover

app/views/primary_source_sets/cold-war/04-507-k93125r50q.md

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+# The History and Significance of the Berlin Wall (1981)
+
+## Thumbnail
+
+![Screenshot of media asset](https://s3.amazonaws.com/americanarchive.org/primary_source_sets/04-507-k93125r50q.jpg "Screenshot media asset")
+
+## Guid
+cpb-aacip-507-k93125r50q
+
+## Introduction
+
+This video excerpt from _The MacNeil/Lehrer Report_ features footage from a BBC documentary on the Berlin Wall. In the clip, the narrator, British actor Gabriel Woolf, describes the wall physically, explains its geographical position within Berlin and Germany and its geopolitical significance in the context of the Cold War, and provides a glimpse of life on both sides of the wall that divided Berlin for almost three decades.
+
+<b>_The MacNeil/Lehrer Report_</b>
+<b>| NewsHour Productions | August 14, 1981 </b>
+<i>This video clip and associated transcript appear from 04:02 - 10:59 in the full record.</i>
+
+## Teachingtips
+
+## Citation
+
+## Cliptime
+
+0242,0659
+
+## Author
+## Subjects
+## Pdflink
+## Additionalresources
+## Cover

app/views/primary_source_sets/cold-war/05-15-k649p2wg6h.md

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+# The Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)
+
+## Thumbnail
+
+![Screenshot of media asset](https://s3.amazonaws.com/americanarchive.org/primary_source_sets/05-15-k649p2wg6h.jpg "Screenshot media asset")
+
+## Guid
+cpb-aacip-15-k649p2wg6h
+
+## Introduction
+
+This video clip from the series _War and Peace in the Nuclear Age_ features footage from the U.S. Air Force film _Cuban Crisis_, which details the U.S. response, under President John F. Kennedy, to Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev’s attempt to install medium and intermediate nuclear missiles on Cuban soil, with the support of Cuban revolutionary and leader Fidel Castro. The footage imparts the perilousness of those circumstances, which many feared would lead to nuclear war and possibly global annihilation. 
+
+<b>Cuban Crisis</b>
+<b>| WGBH | 1962 </b>
+<i>This video clip and associated transcript appear from 00:00 - 08:28 in the full record.</i>
+
+## Teachingtips
+
+## Citation
+
+## Cliptime
+
+0000,0508
+
+## Author
+## Subjects
+## Pdflink
+## Additionalresources
+## Cover

app/views/primary_source_sets/cold-war/06-15-jh3cz32c4m.md

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+# U.S. Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (1970)
+
+## Thumbnail
+
+![Screenshot of media asset](https://s3.amazonaws.com/americanarchive.org/primary_source_sets/06-15-jh3cz32c4m.jpg "Screenshot media asset")
+
+## Guid
+cpb-aacip-15-jh3cz32c4m
+
+## Introduction
+
+Excerpted from the U.S. Air Force informational film _About Our Missiles_, this video describes various missiles the United States developed as tools of protection, destruction, and deterrence during the Cold War. This video clip features footage of U.S. missiles and missile sites and also connects development of these missiles to the U.S. space program. 
+
+<b>At the Brink</b>
+<b>| WGBH | 1970 </b>
+<i>This video clip and associated transcript appear from 04:10 - 07:56 in the full record.</i>
+
+## Teachingtips
+
+## Citation
+
+## Cliptime
+
+0250,0476
+
+## Author
+## Subjects
+## Pdflink
+## Additionalresources
+## Cover

app/views/primary_source_sets/cold-war/07-15-1g0ht2gc5k.md

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+# Why Vietnam (1965)
+
+## Thumbnail
+
+![Screenshot of media asset](https://s3.amazonaws.com/americanarchive.org/primary_source_sets/07-15-1g0ht2gc5k.jpg "Screenshot media asset")
+
+## Guid
+cpb-aacip-15-1g0ht2gc5k
+
+## Introduction
+
+This U.S. Department of Defense film reveals policy, thought, and agendas that supported U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. The footage follows U.S. advisors and troops in Vietnam, revealing the nature of their work and their experiences, as well as the environments in which they served. Propagandist in nature, this film features top U.S. officials discussing developments in the war, providing justifications for U.S. involvement, and signaling openness to peace talks. 
+
+<b>Vietnam: A Television History</b>
+<b>| WGBH | 1965 </b>
+<i>This video clip and associated transcript appear from 01:19 - 10:10 in the full record.</i>
+
+## Teachingtips
+
+## Citation
+
+## Cliptime
+
+0079,0610
+
+## Author
+## Subjects
+## Pdflink
+## Additionalresources
+## Cover

app/views/primary_source_sets/cold-war/08-259-901zgw6h.md

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+# The United States and SALT (1979)
+
+## Thumbnail
+
+![Screenshot of media asset](https://s3.amazonaws.com/americanarchive.org/primary_source_sets/08-259-901zgw6h.jpg "Screenshot media asset")
+
+## Guid
+cpb-aacip-259-901zgw6h
+
+## Introduction
+
+This video clip is excerpted from _The SALT Syndrome_, a 1979 documentary produced by the American Security Council, a non-profit, bipartisan foundation that promoted “peace through strength.” Televised over 500 times, this short film, which details the strategic arms limitation negotiations between the United States and the Soviet Union, warned against the United States entering a second strategic arms limitation treaty (SALT II) with the Soviet Union, based on evaluations of the 1972 SALT I treaty. In this clip, government officials criticize and condemn SALT as a diplomatic arrangement that advantaged the Soviet Union.
+
+<b>_The SALT Syndrome_</b>
+<b>| New Jersey Network | 1979 </b>
+<i>This video clip and associated transcript appear from 13:41 - 18:00 in the full record.</i>
+
+## Teachingtips
+
+## Citation
+
+## Cliptime
+
+0821,1080
+
+## Author
+## Subjects
+## Pdflink
+## Additionalresources
+## Cover