leetcode: Add 0468

src/SUMMARY.md

@@ -300,6 +300,7 @@
         - [0374. 猜数字大小 Guess Number Higher or Lower](leetcode/0374.guess-number-higher-or-lower/index.md)
         - [0394. 字符串解码 Decode String](leetcode/0394.decode-string/index.md)
     - [0401-0500](leetcode/by-id/0401-0500.md)
+        - [0468. 验证IP地址 Validate IP Address](leetcode/0468.validate-ip-address/index.md)
         - [0485. 最大连续1的个数 Max Consecutive Ones](leetcode/0485.max-consecutive-ones/index.md)
         - [0496. 下一个更大元素 I Next Greater Element I](leetcode/0496.next-greater-element-i/index.md)
     - [0501-0600](leetcode/by-id/0501-0600.md)

src/leetcode/0468.validate-ip-address/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/main

src/leetcode/0468.validate-ip-address/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[package]
+name = "lc-0468-validate-ip-address"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+publish = false
+
+[dependencies]

src/leetcode/0468.validate-ip-address/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+build: main.cpp
+	g++ -g main.cpp -o main

src/leetcode/0468.validate-ip-address/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# 0468. 验证IP地址 Validate IP Address
+
+[问题描述](https://leetcode.com/problems/validate-ip-address)
+
+这个是处理字符串的问题.
+
+步骤大致如下:
+- 先检查是不是 ipv4, 如果是, 直接返回
+  - 先以 `.` 将字符串分隔成多个部分, parts
+  - parts 数组的长度应该是 4
+  - 检查每一部分字符串
+    - 长度在 [1..3] 之间
+    - 如果以 `0` 为前缀的话, 只能包含 `0`
+    - 检查里面的字符, 只能包含  `0-9` 这10 个字符, 可以用 `std::isdigit(c)`
+    - 将它转换成整数, 数值范围是 [0..255]
+- 再检查是不是 ipv6, 如果是, 就返回
+  - 以 `:` 将字符串分隔成多个部分, parts
+  - parts 数组的长度是 8
+  - 检查每一部分字符串
+    - 字符串长度是 [1..4] 之间
+    - 检查里面的字符, 只能包含  0-9, a-f, A-F这些字符, 可以用 `std::is_xdigit(c)`
+    - 不需要把它再转换成整数
+- 返回 `Neither`
+
+以下是代码实现:
+
+## Rust
+
+```rust
+{{#include src/main.rs:5:82}}
+```

src/leetcode/0468.validate-ip-address/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2024 Xu Shaohua <[email protected]>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source is governed by General Public License that can be found
+// in the LICENSE file.
+
+#include <cassert>
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+
+class Solution {
+ public:
+  static bool isIPv4(const std::string& query) {
+    // 用 `.` 来分隔各部分
+    // 并判断每个部分是有效的数值
+    // 数值不带有前缀0
+
+    if (query[0] == '.' || query[query.size() - 1] == '.') {
+      return false;
+    }
+    std::stringstream ss(query);
+    std::string part;
+    int part_count = 0;
+    while (std::getline(ss, part, '.')) {
+      part_count += 1;
+      // 数值不带有前缀0
+      if (part[0] == '0' && part.size() > 1) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (part.size() < 1 || part.size() > 3) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      // 判断字符的范围, 0-9
+      for (char c : part) {
+        if (!std::isdigit(c)) {
+          return false;
+        }
+      }
+
+      const int val = std::stoi(part);
+      // 不是有效的整数
+      if (val == 0 && part != "0") {
+        return false;
+      }
+      // 数值范围是 0..255
+      if (val < 0 || val > 255) {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // 要有4个部分
+    return part_count == 4;
+  }
+
+  static bool isIPv6(const std::string& query) {
+    // 使用 `:` 作为分隔符
+    // 每个部分是16进制的整数, 16进制支持大小写, 最多包含4个字符
+    // 可以有0作为前缀
+    // 不需要考虑缩写
+
+    if (query[0] == ':' || query[query.size() - 1] == ':') {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    std::stringstream ss(query);
+    std::string part;
+    int part_count = 0;
+    while (std::getline(ss, part, ':')) {
+      // 1-4个字符
+      if (part.size() < 1 || part.size() > 4) {
+        return false;
+      }
+
+      for (char c : part) {
+        // 判断字符的范围, 0-9, a-f, A-F
+        if (!std::isxdigit(c)) {
+          return false;
+        }
+      }
+      part_count += 1;
+    }
+
+    return part_count == 8;
+  }
+
+  static std::string validIPAddress(std::string queryIP) {
+    if (isIPv4(queryIP)) {
+      return "IPv4";
+    } 
+    if (isIPv6(queryIP)) {
+      return "IPv6";
+    }
+    return "Neither";
+  }
+};
+
+void checkSolution() {
+  {
+    const std::string s1 = "2001:0db8:85a3:0:0:8A2E:0370:7334:";
+    const std::string expected = "Neither";
+    const std::string out = Solution::validIPAddress(s1);
+    assert(out == expected);
+  }
+
+  {
+    const std::string s1 = "1e1.4.5.6";
+    const std::string expected = "Neither";
+    const std::string out = Solution::validIPAddress(s1);
+    assert(out == expected);
+  }
+}
+
+int main() {
+  checkSolution();
+  return 0;
+}

src/leetcode/0468.validate-ip-address/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2024 Xu Shaohua <[email protected]>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source is governed by General Public License that can be found
+// in the LICENSE file.
+
+fn is_ipv4(query: &str) -> bool {
+    // 用 `.` 来分隔各部分
+    // 并判断每个部分是有效的数值
+    // 数值不带有前缀0
+
+    let parts: Vec<&str> = query.split('.').collect();
+    if parts.len() != 4 {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    for part in parts {
+        if part.len() < 1 || part.len() > 3 {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // 数值不带有前缀0
+        if part.len() > 1 && part.starts_with("0") {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // 判断字符的范围, 0-9
+        for c in part.chars() {
+            if !c.is_ascii_digit() {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if let Ok(val) = part.parse::<i32>() {
+            // 数值范围是 0..255
+            if val < 0 || val > 255 {
+                return false;
+            }
+        } else {
+            // 不是有效的整数
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    true
+}
+
+fn is_ipv6(query: &str) -> bool {
+    // 使用 `:` 作为分隔符
+    // 每个部分是16进制的整数, 16进制支持大小写, 最多包含4个字符
+    // 可以有0作为前缀
+    // 不需要考虑缩写
+
+    let parts: Vec<&str> = query.split(':').collect();
+    if parts.len() != 8 {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    for part in parts {
+        // 1-4个字符
+        if part.len() < 1 || part.len() > 4 {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        for c in part.chars() {
+            // 判断字符的范围, 0-9, a-f, A-F
+            if !c.is_ascii_hexdigit() {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    true
+}
+
+pub fn valid_ip_address1(query_ip: String) -> String {
+    if is_ipv4(&query_ip) {
+        "IPv4".to_owned()
+    } else if is_ipv6(&query_ip) {
+        "IPv6".to_owned()
+    } else {
+        "Neither".to_owned()
+    }
+}
+
+pub type SolutionFn = fn(String) -> String;
+
+fn check_solution(func: SolutionFn) {
+    {
+        let s1 = "2001:0db8:85a3:0:0:8A2E:0370:7334:".to_owned();
+        let expected = "Neither";
+        let out = func(s1);
+        assert_eq!(out, expected);
+    }
+
+    {
+        let s1 = "1e1.4.5.6".to_owned();
+        let expected = "Neither";
+        let out = func(s1);
+        assert_eq!(out, expected);
+    }
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    check_solution(valid_ip_address1);
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::{check_solution, valid_ip_address1};
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_valid_ip_address1() {
+        check_solution(valid_ip_address1);
+    }
+}

src/leetcode/tags/string/index.md

@@ -15,8 +15,12 @@
 
 ## 中级
 
-- [6. Z 字形变换](https://leetcode.com/problems/zigzag-conversion)
-- [8. 字符串转换整数(atoi)](https://leetcode.com/problems/string-to-integer-atoi)
-- [17.电话号码的字母组合](https://leetcode.com/problems/letter-combinations-of-a-phone-number)
-- [165.比较版本号](https://leetcode.com/problems/compare-version-numbers)
-- [2414. Length of the Longest Alphabetical Continuous Substring](https://leetcode.com/problems/length-of-the-longest-alphabetical-continuous-substring/description/)
+1. [0468. 验证IP地址 Validate IP Address](../../0468.validate-ip-address/index.md)
+
+TODO:
+
+- [0006. Z 字形变换](https://leetcode.com/problems/zigzag-conversion)
+- [0008. 字符串转换整数(atoi)](https://leetcode.com/problems/string-to-integer-atoi)
+- [0017.电话号码的字母组合](https://leetcode.com/problems/letter-combinations-of-a-phone-number)
+- [0165.比较版本号](https://leetcode.com/problems/compare-version-numbers)
+- [2414. Length of the Longest Alphabetical Continuous Substring](https://leetcode.com/problems/length-of-the-longest-alphabetical-continuous-substring/description/)