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// Copyright (c) 2024 Xu Shaohua <[email protected]>. All rights reserved. | ||
// Use of this source is governed by General Public License that can be found | ||
// in the LICENSE file. | ||
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// Binary heap | ||
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#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd)] | ||
pub struct BinaryHeap { | ||
heap: Vec<i32>, | ||
} | ||
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impl Default for BinaryHeap { | ||
fn default() -> Self { | ||
Self::new() | ||
} | ||
} | ||
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impl BinaryHeap { | ||
#[must_use] | ||
#[inline] | ||
pub const fn new() -> Self { | ||
Self { heap: Vec::new() } | ||
} | ||
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pub fn from_slice(slice: &[i32]) -> Self { | ||
Self { | ||
heap: slice.to_vec(), | ||
} | ||
} | ||
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#[must_use] | ||
#[inline] | ||
pub fn len(&self) -> usize { | ||
self.heap.len() | ||
} | ||
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#[must_use] | ||
#[inline] | ||
pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool { | ||
self.heap.is_empty() | ||
} | ||
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#[must_use] | ||
#[inline] | ||
pub fn peak(&self) -> Option<i32> { | ||
self.heap.first().copied() | ||
} | ||
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pub fn push(&mut self, val: i32) { | ||
// 先将新的元素插入到数组尾部. | ||
self.heap.push(val); | ||
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// 然后将该元素进行上移 (shift up). | ||
self.shift_up(self.heap.len() - 1); | ||
} | ||
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#[must_use] | ||
pub fn pop(&mut self) -> Option<i32> { | ||
if self.is_empty() { | ||
return None; | ||
} | ||
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// 将堆顶的元素交换到数组的尾部, 并弹出它. | ||
let len = self.len(); | ||
self.heap.swap(0, len - 1); | ||
let last = self.heap.pop(); | ||
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// 然后调整堆顶的位置, 让它保持大顶堆的特性. | ||
self.shift_down(0, len); | ||
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last | ||
} | ||
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// 将该节点与父节点进行比较, 如果比父节点大, 就让它跟父节点交换, | ||
// 一直重复这个过程, 直到找到合适的位置. | ||
// | ||
// 时间复杂度是 O(log(n)), 是树的高度. | ||
fn shift_up(&mut self, mut pos: usize) { | ||
if pos == 0 { | ||
return; | ||
} | ||
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let mut parent_pos = (pos - 1) / 2; | ||
while self.heap[parent_pos] < self.heap[pos] { | ||
if parent_pos == 0 { | ||
break; | ||
} | ||
pos = parent_pos; | ||
parent_pos = (pos - 1) / 2; | ||
} | ||
} | ||
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// 将该节点与子节点进行比较, 如果比子节点大, 就让它跟较大的那个子节点交换, | ||
// 一直重复这个过 程, 直到找到合适的位置. | ||
// | ||
// 时间复杂度是 O(log(n)), 是树的高度. | ||
fn shift_down(&mut self, mut pos: usize, len: usize) { | ||
while pos * 2 + 1 < len { | ||
let left = pos * 2 + 1; | ||
let right = pos * 2 + 2; | ||
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let larger = if right >= len { | ||
// 右子树不存在, 它超出了数组的范围. | ||
left | ||
} else if self.heap[left] >= self.heap[right] { | ||
// 左侧子树较大 | ||
left | ||
} else { | ||
// 右侧子树较大 | ||
right | ||
}; | ||
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// 当前节点与较大的子节点进行比较, 如果比它小就进行交换. | ||
if self.heap[pos] < self.heap[larger] { | ||
self.heap.swap(pos, larger); | ||
pos = larger; | ||
} else { | ||
// 当前节点比最大的子节点还大 | ||
break; | ||
} | ||
} | ||
} | ||
} |