printf:tada:

Description:page_facing_up:

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The printf function sends formatted output to stdout. A custom _printf() for learning purposes was developed by cohort #15 student taking ALX software engineerging program.

_printf() function format string is a character string, beginning and ending in its initial shift state, if any. These arguments are placed using the percentage '%' operator.

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Resources

printf format identifiers

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Authorized functions and macros

write (man 2 write) malloc (man 3 malloc) free (man 3 free) va_start (man 3 va_start) va_end (man 3 va_end) va_copy (man 3 va_copy) va_arg (man 3 va_arg)

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Compilation:alembic:

The code must be compiled this way:

$ gcc -Wall -Werror -Wextra -pedantic *.c

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Use & Examples

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Prototype: int _printf(const char *format, ...); Use - General: _printf("format string", var1, var2, ...);

Examples:

• Basic String: _printf("%s Alx", "Hello");`

  • Output: Hello Alx

• Print integers: _printf("This is an array element: arr[%d]:%c", 32, arr[32]);`

  • Output: This is an array element arr[32]:A

Many other specifiers and flags were added and by combinig those the _printf() function generate a different ouput. The following list are the specifiers and flags allowed.

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Use & Examples

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Specifiers

Specifier	Output	Examples
c	Character	y
d or i	Signed integer	1024, -1024
s	String of characters	Hello Alx
b	Binary Representation of unsigned integer	01010110
u	Unsigned integer	1024
o	Unsigned octal	432
x	Unsigned hexadecimal integer	3ca
X	Unsigned hexadecimal integer (uppercase)	3CA
S	String with hex-ascii value replacing special chars	\x0A\x0A
p	Pointer address	0x403212
r	Reversed string of characters	dlroW olleH
R	ROT13 Translation of string	Uryyb

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Files contained in this repository

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Name	Information	Relevant Files
man_3_printf	Man page of the _printf() function.	None
main.h	Header file with the data type struct, standard libraries and custom prototypes.	*.c compilation
_printf.c	Main printf function file. Calls other functions.	printf_(name of var).c file
print_Percent.c	Contains percentage print function.	None
print_Integer.c	Contains decimal and integer functions.	None
print_Char.c	Custom function for char data type.	None
print_String.c	Function that calls string type variable.	None
print_Binary.c	Function that gets the binary	None
print_Octal.c	Functions that returns octal number.	None
print_hex.c	Calls hexadecimal numbers (lowercase).	None
print_HEX.c	Calls hexadecimal numbers (Uppercase).	None
print_Unsigned.c	Returns an unisgined data type.	None
print_CustomString.c	Returns a string and non readable characters are printed in hexadecimal numbers (Lowercase).	None
print_Reverse.c	Returns a string in reverse.	None
print_ROT13.c	Returns a string in Rot13.	None
_putchar.c	Custom putchar function.	None

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Tasks required for this project

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0. I am not going anywhere. You can print that wherever you want to. I'm here and I am a Spur for life1.

   Write a function that produces output according to a format. Handle the following conversion specifiers:

• c
• s
• %

1. Education is when you read the fine print. Experience is what you get if you dont

   Handle the following conversion specifiers:

• d
• i

2. Just because its in print doesn't mean its the gospel

   Create a man page for the function.

3. With a face like mine, I do better in print

   Handle the following conversion specifiers:

• b

4. What one has not experienced, one will never understand in print

   Handle the following conversion specifiers:

• u
• x
• o
• x
• X

5. Nothing in fine print is ever good news

   Use a local buffer of 1024 chars in order to call write as little as possible. (not done)

6. Handle the following custom conversion specifier

• S : prints the string.
• Non printable characters (0 < ASCII value < 32 or >= 127) are printed this way: \x, followed by the ASCII code value in hexadecimal (upper case - always 2 characters).

7. How is the world ruled and led to war? Diplomats lie to journalists and believe these lies when they see them in print

   Handle the following conversion specifier: p

8. The big print gives and the small print takes away

   Handle the following flag characters for non-custom conversion specifiers: (not done)

• ´+´
• space
• ´#´

9. Sarcasm is lost in print

   Handle the following length modifiers for non-custom conversion specifiers: (not done)

• l
• h Conversion specifiers to handle: d, i, u, o, x, X

10. Print some money and give it to us for the rain forests

    Handle the field width for non-custom conversion specifiers. (not done)

11. The negative is the equivalent of the composer's score, and the print the performance

    Handle the precision for non-custom conversion specifiers. (not done)

12. It's depressing when you're still around and your albums are out of print

    Handle the 0 flag character for non-custom conversion specifiers. (not done)

13. Every time that I wanted to give up, if I saw an interesting textile, print what ever, suddenly I would see a collection

    Handle the - flag character for non-custom conversion specifiers. (not done)

14. Print is the sharpest and the strongest weapon of our party

    Handle the following custom conversion specifier:

• r : prints the reversed string

15. [The flood of print has turned reading into a process of gulping rather than savoring]

    Handle the following custom conversion specifier:

• R: prints the rot13'ed string

16. *

    All the above options work well together. (not done)

Authors ©

• Zeyad Elnaggar
• Yousif Abozid