Support the free-threaded build of CPython 3.13

[lysnikolaou]

What do these changes do?

• Add a matrix config for free-threaded Python to run tests with it.
• Change configuration to correctly build wheels under the free-threaded build.
• Fix thread-safety issues in the Cython extension module.

Are there changes in behavior for the user?

No.

Related issue number

#1455

Checklist

• I think the code is well written
• Unit tests for the changes exist
• Documentation reflects the changes

[codspeed-hq]

CodSpeed Performance Report

Merging #1456 will degrade performances by 48.24%

_{Comparing lysnikolaou:free-threading-support (876ec6e) with master (07c1b4f)}

Summary

⚡ 4 improvements
❌ 25 regressions
✅ 70 untouched benchmarks

⚠️ Please fix the performance issues or acknowledge them on CodSpeed.

Benchmarks breakdown

	Benchmark	BASE	HEAD	Change
❌	test_long_query	5.9 ms	10.8 ms	-45.55%
❌	test_long_query_with_pct	17.9 ms	33.3 ms	-46.25%
❌	test_quote_long_path	4.8 ms	8.9 ms	-45.49%
❌	test_quote_query_string	313.5 µs	519 µs	-39.6%
❌	test_quoter_ascii	123.9 µs	174.3 µs	-28.96%
❌	test_quoter_pct	242.9 µs	432.6 µs	-43.85%
❌	test_quoter_quote_utf8	683.3 µs	1,320.2 µs	-48.24%
⚡	test_unquoter_long_ascii	22.5 ms	13.7 ms	+64.21%
⚡	test_unquoter_long_pct	25.4 ms	16.7 ms	+51.81%
⚡	test_unquoter_short	288.2 µs	226.6 µs	+27.21%
❌	test_extend_query_subclassed_str	1 ms	1.1 ms	-7.09%
⚡	test_path_safe_uncached	255.2 µs	226.3 µs	+12.81%
❌	test_update_query_mapping	963.3 µs	1,039.8 µs	-7.36%
❌	test_update_query_mapping_with_existing_query	1.3 ms	1.4 ms	-9.75%
❌	test_update_query_sequence_mapping	4.5 ms	5.3 ms	-14.45%
❌	test_url_build_no_netloc	429.6 µs	500.7 µs	-14.19%
❌	test_url_build_no_netloc_relative	417.8 µs	483.2 µs	-13.54%
❌	test_url_build_with_simple_query	2.8 ms	3.1 ms	-9.26%
❌	test_url_extend_query_existing_query_simple_query_dict	697.7 µs	772.2 µs	-9.65%
❌	test_url_extend_query_existing_query_string	153.4 µs	165.9 µs	-7.54%
...	...	...	...	...

ℹ️ Only the first 20 benchmarks are displayed. Go to the app to view all benchmarks.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 96.94656% with 4 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 90.86%. Comparing base (07c1b4f) to head (876ec6e).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
yarl/_quoting_c.pyx	81.81%	4 Missing ⚠️

❗ There is a different number of reports uploaded between BASE (07c1b4f) and HEAD (876ec6e). Click for more details.

HEAD has 94 uploads less than BASE

Flag	BASE (07c1b4f)	HEAD (876ec6e)
CI-GHA	46	26
MyPy	2	0
OS-macOS	10	6
pytest	44	26
VM-macos-latest	10	6
Py-3.11.9	4	2
Py-3.12.8	8	4
Py-3.11.11	4	2
OS-Linux	24	14
VM-ubuntu-latest	24	14
Py-3.9.21	4	2
Py-3.10.16	4	2
Py-3.10.11	4	2
Py-3.9.13	4	2
OS-Windows	10	6
VM-windows-latest	10	6
Py-pypy7.3.17	2	1
Py-pypy7.3.16	2	1

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #1456      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   96.14%   90.86%   -5.29%     
==========================================
  Files          31       23       -8     
  Lines        5970     4949    -1021     
  Branches      364      332      -32     
==========================================
- Hits         5740     4497    -1243     
- Misses        204      451     +247     
+ Partials       26        1      -25     

Flag	Coverage Δ
CI-GHA	90.80% <96.94%> (-5.35%)	⬇️
MyPy	?
OS-Linux	90.80% <96.94%> (-8.77%)	⬇️
OS-Windows	90.34% <100.00%> (-9.29%)	⬇️
OS-macOS	90.64% <96.94%> (-8.68%)	⬇️
Py-3.10.11	90.50% <96.94%> (-8.80%)	⬇️
Py-3.10.16	90.72% <96.94%> (-8.80%)	⬇️
Py-3.11.11	90.72% <96.94%> (-8.80%)	⬇️
Py-3.11.9	90.50% <96.94%> (-8.80%)	⬇️
Py-3.12.8	90.72% <96.94%> (-8.80%)	⬇️
Py-3.13.1	90.59% <100.00%> (-8.93%)	⬇️
Py-3.9.13	90.46% <96.94%> (-8.80%)	⬇️
Py-3.9.21	90.68% <96.94%> (-8.80%)	⬇️
Py-pypy7.3.16	90.25% <100.00%> (-9.29%)	⬇️
Py-pypy7.3.17	90.27% <100.00%> (-9.29%)	⬇️
VM-macos-latest	90.64% <96.94%> (-8.68%)	⬇️
VM-ubuntu-latest	90.80% <96.94%> (-8.77%)	⬇️
VM-windows-latest	90.34% <100.00%> (-9.29%)	⬇️
pytest	90.80% <96.94%> (-8.77%)	⬇️

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