GH-39858: [C++][Device] Add Copy/View slice functions to a CPU pointer (

#41477)

### Rationale for this change
Currently ```MemoryManager``` objects define functionality to Copy or View entire buffers. Occasionally there is the need to only copy a single value or slice from a buffer to a piece of CPU memory (see #39770 (comment)). It's overkill to do a bunch of whole Buffer operations and manually slicing just to copy 4 or 8 bytes.

### What changes are included in this PR?
Add the ```MemoryManager::CopyBufferSliceToCPU``` function, which initially attempts to use memcpy for the specified slice. If this is not possible, it defaults to copying the entire buffer and then viewing/copying the slice.

Update ```ArrayImporter::ImportStringValuesBuffer``` to use this function.

### Are these changes tested?

```ArrayImporter::ImportStringValuesBuffer```  is tested as a part of  ```arrow-c-bridge-test```
* GitHub Issue: #39858

Lead-authored-by: Alan Stoate <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Mac Lilly <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Felipe Oliveira Carvalho <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Antoine Pitrou <[email protected]>

cpp/src/arrow/c/bridge.cc

@@ -1871,24 +1871,17 @@ struct ArrayImporter {
   template <typename OffsetType>
   Status ImportStringValuesBuffer(int32_t offsets_buffer_id, int32_t buffer_id,
                                   int64_t byte_width = 1) {
-    if (device_type_ == DeviceAllocationType::kCPU) {
-      auto offsets = data_->GetValues<OffsetType>(offsets_buffer_id);
+    int64_t buffer_size = 0;
+    if (c_struct_->length > 0) {
+      int64_t last_offset_value_offset =
+          (c_struct_->length + c_struct_->offset) * sizeof(OffsetType);
+      OffsetType last_offset_value;
+      RETURN_NOT_OK(MemoryManager::CopyBufferSliceToCPU(
+          data_->buffers[offsets_buffer_id], last_offset_value_offset, sizeof(OffsetType),
+          reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(&last_offset_value)));
       // Compute visible size of buffer
-      int64_t buffer_size =
-          (c_struct_->length > 0) ? byte_width * offsets[c_struct_->length] : 0;
-      return ImportBuffer(buffer_id, buffer_size);
-    }
-
-    // we only need the value of the last offset so let's just copy that
-    // one value from device to host.
-    auto single_value_buf =
-        SliceBuffer(data_->buffers[offsets_buffer_id],
-                    c_struct_->length * sizeof(OffsetType), sizeof(OffsetType));
-    ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(
-        auto cpubuf, Buffer::ViewOrCopy(single_value_buf, default_cpu_memory_manager()));
-    auto offsets = cpubuf->data_as<OffsetType>();
-    // Compute visible size of buffer
-    int64_t buffer_size = (c_struct_->length > 0) ? byte_width * offsets[0] : 0;
+      buffer_size = byte_width * last_offset_value;
+    }
 
     return ImportBuffer(buffer_id, buffer_size);
   }

cpp/src/arrow/device.cc

@@ -116,6 +116,32 @@ Result<std::shared_ptr<Buffer>> MemoryManager::ViewBuffer(
                                 " on ", to->device()->ToString(), " not supported");
 }
 
+Status MemoryManager::CopyBufferSliceToCPU(const std::shared_ptr<Buffer>& buf,
+                                           int64_t offset, int64_t length,
+                                           uint8_t* out_data) {
+  if (ARROW_PREDICT_TRUE(buf->is_cpu())) {
+    memcpy(out_data, buf->data() + offset, static_cast<size_t>(length));
+    return Status::OK();
+  }
+
+  auto& from = buf->memory_manager();
+  auto cpu_mm = default_cpu_memory_manager();
+  // Try a view first
+  auto maybe_buffer_result = from->ViewBufferTo(buf, cpu_mm);
+  if (!COPY_BUFFER_SUCCESS(maybe_buffer_result)) {
+    // View failed, try a copy instead
+    maybe_buffer_result = from->CopyBufferTo(buf, cpu_mm);
+  }
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto maybe_buffer, std::move(maybe_buffer_result));
+  if (maybe_buffer != nullptr) {
+    memcpy(out_data, maybe_buffer->data() + offset, static_cast<size_t>(length));
+    return Status::OK();
+  }
+
+  return Status::NotImplemented("Copying buffer slice from ", from->device()->ToString(),
+                                " to CPU not supported");
+}
+
 #undef COPY_BUFFER_RETURN
 #undef COPY_BUFFER_SUCCESS
 

cpp/src/arrow/device.h

@@ -249,6 +249,10 @@ class ARROW_EXPORT MemoryManager : public std::enable_shared_from_this<MemoryMan
   static Result<std::shared_ptr<Buffer>> ViewBuffer(
       const std::shared_ptr<Buffer>& source, const std::shared_ptr<MemoryManager>& to);
 
+  /// \brief Copy a slice of a buffer into a CPU pointer
+  static Status CopyBufferSliceToCPU(const std::shared_ptr<Buffer>& buf, int64_t offset,
+                                     int64_t length, uint8_t* out_data);
+
   /// \brief Create a new SyncEvent.
   ///
   /// This version should construct the appropriate event for the device and