GH-44455: [C++] Update vendored date to 3.0.3#44482

Merged

kou merged 1 commit intoapache:mainfrom kou:cpp-vendored-date-3.0.3

Oct 23, 2024

+437-142

Commits on Oct 21, 2024

apacheGH-44455 : [C++] Update vendored date to 3.0.3
kou
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