feat: implement invoke_with_args for struct and named_struct

By implementing `invoke_with_args` the fields derived
in return_type(_from_args) can be reused (performance)
and the duplicate derivation logic can be removed.

datafusion/core/Cargo.toml

@@ -182,6 +182,10 @@ name = "math_query_sql"
 harness = false
 name = "filter_query_sql"
 
+[[bench]]
+harness = false
+name = "struct_query_sql"
+
 [[bench]]
 harness = false
 name = "window_query_sql"

datafusion/core/benches/struct_query_sql.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+use arrow::{
+    array::{Float32Array, Float64Array},
+    datatypes::{DataType, Field, Schema},
+    record_batch::RecordBatch,
+};
+use criterion::{criterion_group, criterion_main, Criterion};
+use datafusion::prelude::SessionContext;
+use datafusion::{datasource::MemTable, error::Result};
+use futures::executor::block_on;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use tokio::runtime::Runtime;
+
+async fn query(ctx: &SessionContext, sql: &str) {
+    let rt = Runtime::new().unwrap();
+
+    // execute the query
+    let df = rt.block_on(ctx.sql(sql)).unwrap();
+    criterion::black_box(rt.block_on(df.collect()).unwrap());
+}
+
+fn create_context(array_len: usize, batch_size: usize) -> Result<SessionContext> {
+    // define a schema.
+    let schema = Arc::new(Schema::new(vec![
+        Field::new("f32", DataType::Float32, false),
+        Field::new("f64", DataType::Float64, false),
+    ]));
+
+    // define data.
+    let batches = (0..array_len / batch_size)
+        .map(|i| {
+            RecordBatch::try_new(
+                schema.clone(),
+                vec![
+                    Arc::new(Float32Array::from(vec![i as f32; batch_size])),
+                    Arc::new(Float64Array::from(vec![i as f64; batch_size])),
+                ],
+            )
+            .unwrap()
+        })
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+    let ctx = SessionContext::new();
+
+    // declare a table in memory. In spark API, this corresponds to createDataFrame(...).
+    let provider = MemTable::try_new(schema, vec![batches])?;
+    ctx.register_table("t", Arc::new(provider))?;
+
+    Ok(ctx)
+}
+
+fn criterion_benchmark(c: &mut Criterion) {
+    let array_len = 524_288; // 2^19
+    let batch_size = 4096; // 2^12
+
+    c.bench_function("struct", |b| {
+        let ctx = create_context(array_len, batch_size).unwrap();
+        b.iter(|| block_on(query(&ctx, "select struct(f32, f64) from t")))
+    });
+}
+
+criterion_group!(benches, criterion_benchmark);
+criterion_main!(benches);

datafusion/functions/src/core/named_struct.rs

@@ -17,79 +17,13 @@
 
 use arrow::array::StructArray;
 use arrow::datatypes::{DataType, Field, Fields};
-use datafusion_common::{exec_err, internal_err, HashSet, Result, ScalarValue};
-use datafusion_expr::{ColumnarValue, Documentation, ReturnInfo, ReturnTypeArgs};
+use datafusion_common::{exec_err, internal_err, Result};
+use datafusion_expr::{ColumnarValue, Documentation, ReturnInfo, ReturnTypeArgs, ScalarFunctionArgs};
 use datafusion_expr::{ScalarUDFImpl, Signature, Volatility};
 use datafusion_macros::user_doc;
 use std::any::Any;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
-/// Put values in a struct array.
-fn named_struct_expr(args: &[ColumnarValue]) -> Result<ColumnarValue> {
-    // Do not accept 0 arguments.
-    if args.is_empty() {
-        return exec_err!(
-            "named_struct requires at least one pair of arguments, got 0 instead"
-        );
-    }
-
-    if args.len() % 2 != 0 {
-        return exec_err!(
-            "named_struct requires an even number of arguments, got {} instead",
-            args.len()
-        );
-    }
-
-    let (names, values): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) = args
-        .chunks_exact(2)
-        .enumerate()
-        .map(|(i, chunk)| {
-            let name_column = &chunk[0];
-            let name = match name_column {
-                ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8(Some(name_scalar))) => {
-                    name_scalar
-                }
-                // TODO: Implement Display for ColumnarValue
-                _ => {
-                    return exec_err!(
-                    "named_struct even arguments must be string literals at position {}",
-                    i * 2
-                )
-                }
-            };
-
-            Ok((name, chunk[1].clone()))
-        })
-        .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?
-        .into_iter()
-        .unzip();
-
-    {
-        // Check to enforce the uniqueness of struct field name
-        let mut unique_field_names = HashSet::new();
-        for name in names.iter() {
-            if unique_field_names.contains(name) {
-                return exec_err!(
-                    "named_struct requires unique field names. Field {name} is used more than once."
-                );
-            }
-            unique_field_names.insert(name);
-        }
-    }
-
-    let fields: Fields = names
-        .into_iter()
-        .zip(&values)
-        .map(|(name, value)| Arc::new(Field::new(name, value.data_type().clone(), true)))
-        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-        .into();
-
-    let arrays = ColumnarValue::values_to_arrays(&values)?;
-
-    let struct_array = StructArray::new(fields, arrays, None);
-    Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(struct_array)))
-}
-
 #[user_doc(
     doc_section(label = "Struct Functions"),
     description = "Returns an Arrow struct using the specified name and input expressions pairs.",
@@ -203,12 +137,12 @@ impl ScalarUDFImpl for NamedStructFunc {
         ))))
     }
 
-    fn invoke_batch(
-        &self,
-        args: &[ColumnarValue],
-        _number_rows: usize,
-    ) -> Result<ColumnarValue> {
-        named_struct_expr(args)
+    fn invoke_with_args(&self, args: ScalarFunctionArgs) -> Result<ColumnarValue> {
+        let DataType::Struct(fields) = args.return_type else {
+            return internal_err!("incorrect named_struct return type");
+        };
+        let arrays = ColumnarValue::values_to_arrays(&args.args)?;
+        Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(StructArray::new(fields.clone(), arrays, None))))
     }
 
     fn documentation(&self) -> Option<&Documentation> {

datafusion/functions/src/core/struct.rs

@@ -15,46 +15,15 @@
 // specific language governing permissions and limitations
 // under the License.
 
-use arrow::array::{ArrayRef, StructArray};
-use arrow::datatypes::{DataType, Field, Fields};
-use datafusion_common::{exec_err, Result};
-use datafusion_expr::{ColumnarValue, Documentation};
+use arrow::array::StructArray;
+use arrow::datatypes::{DataType, Field};
+use datafusion_common::{exec_err, internal_err, Result};
+use datafusion_expr::{ColumnarValue, Documentation, ScalarFunctionArgs};
 use datafusion_expr::{ScalarUDFImpl, Signature, Volatility};
 use datafusion_macros::user_doc;
 use std::any::Any;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
-fn array_struct(args: &[ArrayRef]) -> Result<ArrayRef> {
-    // do not accept 0 arguments.
-    if args.is_empty() {
-        return exec_err!("struct requires at least one argument");
-    }
-
-    let fields = args
-        .iter()
-        .enumerate()
-        .map(|(i, arg)| {
-            let field_name = format!("c{i}");
-            Ok(Arc::new(Field::new(
-                field_name.as_str(),
-                arg.data_type().clone(),
-                true,
-            )))
-        })
-        .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?
-        .into();
-
-    let arrays = args.to_vec();
-
-    Ok(Arc::new(StructArray::new(fields, arrays, None)))
-}
-
-/// put values in a struct array.
-fn struct_expr(args: &[ColumnarValue]) -> Result<ColumnarValue> {
-    let arrays = ColumnarValue::values_to_arrays(args)?;
-    Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(array_struct(arrays.as_slice())?))
-}
-
 #[user_doc(
     doc_section(label = "Struct Functions"),
     description = "Returns an Arrow struct using the specified input expressions optionally named.
@@ -133,20 +102,26 @@ impl ScalarUDFImpl for StructFunc {
     }
 
     fn return_type(&self, arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<DataType> {
-        let return_fields = arg_types
+        if arg_types.is_empty() {
+            return exec_err!("struct requires at least one argument, got 0 instead");
+        }
+
+        let fields = arg_types
             .iter()
             .enumerate()
             .map(|(pos, dt)| Field::new(format!("c{pos}"), dt.clone(), true))
-            .collect::<Vec<Field>>();
-        Ok(DataType::Struct(Fields::from(return_fields)))
+            .collect::<Vec<Field>>()
+            .into();
+
+        Ok(DataType::Struct(fields))
     }
 
-    fn invoke_batch(
-        &self,
-        args: &[ColumnarValue],
-        _number_rows: usize,
-    ) -> Result<ColumnarValue> {
-        struct_expr(args)
+    fn invoke_with_args(&self, args: ScalarFunctionArgs) -> Result<ColumnarValue> {
+        let DataType::Struct(fields) = args.return_type else {
+            return internal_err!("incorrect struct return type");
+        };
+        let arrays = ColumnarValue::values_to_arrays(&args.args)?;
+        Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(StructArray::new(fields.clone(), arrays, None))))
     }
 
     fn documentation(&self) -> Option<&Documentation> {