[fix][client] fix client with multiple serviceUrl can not connect to server permanently when one broker shutdown

[TakaHiR07]

Fixes #20508

Motivation

Fix the single point of failure in pulsar client.

If client config with multiple serviceUrl, it should retry connect successfully when only one broker in config shutdown.

Modifications

1. When client getConnection of topicName, each topicName use different serviceUrl index to do retry operation. Which make sure the retry logic is roundrobin, but not random
2. add unit test to test this bug case

There is still something to do, such as simplify the api method, and deprecate the previous getConnection(topic) method. But I think it is better to discuss this fix first and implement them in additional pr.

Does this pull request potentially affect one of the following parts:

If the box was checked, please highlight the changes

• Dependencies (add or upgrade a dependency)
• The public API
• The schema
• The default values of configurations
• The threading model
• The binary protocol
• The REST endpoints
• The admin CLI options
• The metrics
• Anything that affects deployment

Documentation

• doc
• doc-required
• doc-not-needed
• doc-complete

Matching PR in forked repository

PR in forked repository: TakaHiR07#9

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