feat(codebuild): add ec2 image types

[okasyun]

Issue # (if applicable)

Closes #32978.

Reason for this change

The CodeBuild CDK code needs to add new image types to match newly supported environment types: LINUX_EC2, ARM_EC2 and WINDOWS_EC2.

These three imageId values were used because they are the only ones supported when launching EC2-based CodeBuild environments through both CloudFormation and the AWS API. Other image IDs resulted in errors or were not accepted for the LINUX_EC2, WINDOWS_EC2 and ARM_EC2 environment types.

• LINUX_EC2：aws/codebuild/ami/amazonlinux-x86_64-base:latest
• ARM_EC2 aws/codebuild/ami/amazonlinux-arm-base:latest
• WINDOWS_EC2：aws/codebuild/ami/windows-base:2022

Description of changes

Add new image types LINUX_EC2, ARM_EC2 and WINDOWS_EC2 into file.

Description of how you validated changes

I created unit tests and integration tests.
Both were successful.

Checklist

• My code adheres to the CONTRIBUTING GUIDE and DESIGN GUIDELINES

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By submitting this pull request, I confirm that my contribution is made under the terms of the Apache-2.0 license

[aws-cdk-automation]

AWS CodeBuild CI Report

• CodeBuild project: AutoBuildv2Project1C6BFA3F-wQm2hXv2jqQv
• Commit ID: 7336f4c
• Result: SUCCEEDED
• Build Logs (available for 30 days)

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[scorbiere]

Thanks for your contribution, I left a couple of questions.

[scorbiere]

Could you help me figure out why :latest is a safe choice?
Information I found is a bit confusing in that regard:

aws codebuild list-curated-environment-images \
  --query 'platforms[].languages[].images[].[name,description] | [?starts_with(@[0], `aws/codebuild/ami/amazonlinux-arm-base`)]'  

output is:

[
    [
        "aws/codebuild/ami/amazonlinux-arm-base:2023-1.0",
        "AWS CodeBuild Reserved Capacity AMI based on Amazon Linux 2023 AMI built by Amazon Web Services (arm64)"
    ],
    [
        "aws/codebuild/ami/amazonlinux-arm-base:latest",
        "AWS CodeBuild On-Demand AMI based on Amazon Linux AMI built by Amazon Web Services (arm64)"
    ]
]

I guess we want to use the On-Demand one even if there is no mention about Amazon Linux 2023? (which might just be a miss in the description).

[scorbiere]

My understanding is that AMI-based image are meant to be used with EC2, based on this link

An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) is the basic unit of deployment in Amazon EC2, and is one of the types of images you can create with Image Builder. An AMI is a pre-configured virtual machine image that contains the operating system (OS) and preinstalled software to deploy EC2 instances.

Which makes me wonder if we shouldn't add another static method helper like:

  public static fromCodeBuildAmiImageId(id: string): IBuildImage {
    return new LinuxArmBuildImage({
      imageId: id,
      imagePullPrincipalType: ImagePullPrincipalType.CODEBUILD,
      imageType: LinuxArmImageType.ARM_EC2,
    });
  }