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# History files
.Rhistory
.Rapp.history

# Session Data files
.RData
.RDataTmp

# User-specific files
.Ruserdata

# Example code in package build process
*-Ex.R

# Output files from R CMD build
/*.tar.gz

# Output files from R CMD check
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# produced vignettes
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vignettes/*.pdf

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# Temporary files created by R markdown
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# quarto-presentation-template
a template repo for an online presentation prepared using Quarto
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---
title: "<span style='color: #ffd700;'>Bayesian Structural Vector Autoregressions</span>"
author: "<span style='color: #ffd700;'>by Tomasz Woźniak</span>"
email: "[email protected]"
title-slide-attributes:
data-background-color: "#ff69b4"
number-sections: false
format:
revealjs:
theme: [simple, theme.scss]
slide-number: c
transition: concave
smaller: true
multiplex: true
execute:
echo: true
---

## {background-color="#ff69b4"}

$$ $$

### Structural Vector Autoregressions {style="color:#ffd700;"}

### Identification of Structural VARs {style="color:#ffd700;"}

### Dynamic Causal Effects {style="color:#ffd700;"}

### Bayesian Estimation {style="color:#ffd700;"}

### Monetary Policy Analysis Using the [bsvars](https://cran.r-project.org/package=bsvars) Package {style="color:#ffd700;"}





## {background-color="#ff69b4"}

![](bsvars.png){.absolute top=30 right=275 width="500"}



## <span style="color: #ffd700;">Materials</span> {background-color="#ff69b4"}

$$ $$

### Lecture Slides [as a Website](https://bsvars.github.io/2024-10-be24-bsvars) {style="color:#ffd700;"}

### [R script](https://github.com/bsvars/2024-10-be24-bsvars/blob/main/be24-bsvars.R) for your own Australian monetary policy analysis{style="color:#ffd700;"}

### GitHub [repo](https://github.com/bsvars/2024-10-be24-bsvars) to reproduce the slides and results{style="color:#ffd700;"}

### Tasks{style="color:#ffd700;"}


## <span style="color: #ffd700;">Structural Vector Autoregressions</span> {background-color="#ff69b4"}

## Structural Vector Autoregressions

- go-to models for the analysis of policy effects

::: incremental
- facilitate the analysis of **dynamic causal effects** of a well-isolated cause
- extensively used for: *monetary* and *fiscal* policy, *financial* markets, ...
- relatively simple to work with data and provide *empirical evidence on the propagation of shocks* through economies and markets
- provide data-driven stylised facts to be incorporated in theoretical model
- require identification of the cause of the dynamic effects
- extendible: *featuring many variations in specification*
- non-normality
- heteroskedasticity
- time-varying parameters
- Bayesian
- Proposed by [Sims (1980)](https://doi.org/10.2307/1912017)
:::

::: footer
[Bayesian Structural VARs](https://bsvars.github.io/2024-10-be24-bsvars)
:::



## Structural Vector Autoregressions

::: footer
[Bayesian Structural VARs](https://bsvars.github.io/2024-10-be24-bsvars)
:::

### The model.
\begin{align}
\text{VAR equation: }&& y_t &= \mathbf{A}_1 y_{t-1} + \dots + \mathbf{A}_p y_{t-p} + \boldsymbol\mu_0 + \epsilon_t\\[1ex]
\text{structural equation: }&& \mathbf{B}\epsilon_t &= u_t\\[1ex]
\text{structural shocks: }&& u_t |Y_{t-1} &\sim N_N\left(\mathbf{0}_N,\mathbf{I}_N\right)
\end{align}

::: {.fragment}
### Notation.
- $\mathbf{B}$ - $N\times N$ structural matrix of contemporaneous relationships
- $u_t$ - $N$-vector of structural shocks at time $t$

Isolating these shocks allows us to *identify dynamic effects of
uncorrelated shocks* on variables $y_t$

- $\epsilon_t$ - $N$-vector with error terms at time $t$
- the rest as in the lecture on [Bayesian VARs](https://bsvars.github.io/2024-10-be24-bsvarSIGNs/#/varp-model)
:::






## {background-color="#ff69b4"}

![](social.png){.absolute top=30 right=200 width="800"}

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