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ianhdong committed Mar 13, 2024
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142 changes: 109 additions & 33 deletions hw3/index.html
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Expand Up @@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ <h3>

<div class="bounding-box">
<h3>
Explain the triangle intersection algorithm you implemented in your own words.
Explain the triangle/sphere intersection algorithm you implemented in your own words.
</h3>
<p>
For the ray-triangle intersection, we implemented the Moller-Trumbore formula. This algorithm takes in a ray with
Expand All @@ -192,6 +192,13 @@ <h3>
updated
the intersection struct.
</p>
<p>
For the ray-sphere intersection, we followed the steps in the class slides. We set the equation of the ray equal
to the equation of the sphere and solved for the intersection with the quadratic formula. We checked to see if the
discriminant was positive so that we could find the times of intersection. Because it was a quadratic equation,
there could be up to two solutions and assigned the smaller one to <code class="highlighter-rouge">t1</code> and
the larger one to <code class="highlighter-rouge">t2</code>. If these times of intersection were within the ray's time range, we updated the intersection struct.
</p>
</div>
<br>

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -441,6 +448,12 @@ <h3>
</table>
</div>
<br>
We noticed that importance sampling converged much faster than uniform hemisphere sampling. The soft shadow noise
in
hemisphere sampling comes from the fact that only a small portion of the rays cast actually hit the scene. In
contrast, importance lighting sampling only considers the rays that actually contribute to the illumination of the
scene and thus has much less noise. This leads to much more smoother shadow scene renderings as shown in the above
images.
</div>
<br>
<div class="bounding-box">
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -495,7 +508,8 @@ <h3>
in
hemisphere sampling comes from the fact that only a small portion of the rays cast actually hit the scene. In
contrast, importance lighting sampling only considers the rays that actually contribute to the illumination of the
scene and thus has much less noise. This leads to much more smoother shadow scene renderings as shown in the above images.
scene and thus has much less noise. This leads to much more smoother shadow scene renderings as shown in the above
images.
</p>
</div>
<hr>
Expand All @@ -515,7 +529,24 @@ <h3>
Walk through your implementation of the indirect lighting function.
</h3>
<p>

We implemented a recursive function to calculate the indirect lighting as each bounce of the light will need to be
calculated with the previous bounce. These were the formal steps and cases.
<ol>
<li>
Base Case: If the ray's depth reaches 1, we can just return <code
class="highlighter-rouge">one_bounce_radiance</code>.
</li>
<li>
Recursive Case: Otherwise, we will flip a biased coin and continue path tracing with probability
\(\text{continuation}\_\text{prob}\). Then, we calculated the <code
class="highlighter-rouge">one_bounce_radiance</code> for
the current bounce. Afterwards, we sampled with the BSDF to figure out the next direction the ray will go and
set the depth to be one less than the current depth. If this ray intersected with the scene, we would recurse to
find the next emitted radiance and apply the reflectance formula. If <code
class="highlighter-rouge">isAccumBounces</code> is true, we add it to the running total radiance and else we
would return just the current level's radiance.
</li>
</ol>
</p>
<br>
</div>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -573,7 +604,13 @@ <h3>
</table>
</div>
<p>
YOUR EXPLANATION GOES HERE
As shown above, the left scene only has direct illumination which is zero plus one bounce lighting while the right
scene only has indirect illumination. Both of these illuminations present an incomplete picture. Direct
illumination only illuminates the portions of the scene that the light rays can directly reach so they miss out on
the the ceiling and undersides of the spheres. Indirect lighting is the opposite as it only illuminates the
portions of the scene that the light rays cannot directly reach so they miss out on the the light source and the
direct light and illuminate the underside of the spheres. Thus, we need both direct and indirect illumination to
get a complete picture of the scene.
</p>
</div>
<br>
Expand All @@ -596,38 +633,51 @@ <h3>
<tr align="center">
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-false-0.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 0 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=0</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-false-1.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 1 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=1</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-false-2.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 2 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=2</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-false-3.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 3 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=3</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-false-4.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 4 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=4</code> <code class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code>
</figcaption>
</td>
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-false-5.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 5 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=5</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<br>
<p>
YOUR EXPLANATION GOES HERE
As shown above, the 2nd bounce image features a bunny with illumination on the underside of it because this light
bounces off the floor and then onto the bunny. The fur on the head and back is dark because the light does not
reach it on the second bounce but rather on the first bounce after it directly hits it. The 3rd bounce image is a
lot more darker and the bunny is almost completely covered in shadows. This is because the the 3rd bounce is not
hitting the bunny but going off to other parts of the room and is why only certain portions are illuminated. These
bounce are able to contribute and help render accurate shadows, recursive reflections, and refractions which
rasterization is not able to do. This helps to create a more realistic and accurate image of the scene based on
the lighting.
</p>
</div>
<br>
Expand All @@ -648,38 +698,49 @@ <h3>
<tr align="center">
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-false-0.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth = 0 (CBbunny.dae)</code></figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=0</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-1.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 1 (<code>CBbunny.dae)</code></figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=1</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-2.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 2 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=2</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-3.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 3 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=3</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-4.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 4 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=4</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-5.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 5 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=5</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<br>
<p>
YOUR EXPLANATION GOES HERE
As shown in the images above, each bounce helps to convey more information about the scene as it lights up more
portions. The first scene, with <code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=0</code>, only has zero bounce
lighting which is the light source itself. However, in the second scene with <code
class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=1</code>, the light bounces off the floor and onto the bunny and we can
observe the top of the bunny illuminated. Later bounces will also highlight the underside of the bunny as the
light bounces off the floor and walls and ultimately onto the bunny. This helps to diffuse all lighting.
</p>
<br>
</div>
Expand All @@ -699,38 +760,52 @@ <h3>
<tr align="center">
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-false-0.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 0 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=0</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-russian-1.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 1 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=1</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-russian-2.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 2 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=2</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-russian-3.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 3 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=3</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-russian-4.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 4 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=4</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-bunny-russian-100.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>max_ray_depth = 100 (<code>CBbunny.dae</code>)</figcaption>
<figcaption><code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=100</code> <code
class="highlighter-rouge">CBbunny.dae</code></figcaption>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<br>
<p>
YOUR EXPLANATION GOES HERE
As shown in the images above, each bounce helps to convey more information about the scene as it lights up more
portions. The first scene, with <code class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=0</code>, only has zero bounce
lighting which is the light source itself. However, in the second scene with <code
class="highlighter-rouge">max_ray_depth=1</code>, the light bounces off the floor and onto the bunny and we can
observe the top of the bunny illuminated. Later bounces will also highlight the underside of the bunny as the
light bounces off the floor and walls and ultimately onto the bunny. This helps to diffuse all lighting. However,
at the 100 depth layer, there are not that many very large bounce rays because the continuation probability
compounds and thus the rays are more likely to terminate early. Thus, it does not convey as much information as
expected and looks very similar to the 4th bounce image.
</p>
<br>
</div>
Expand All @@ -748,44 +823,45 @@ <h3>
<tr align="center">
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-building-1.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>1 sample per pixel (example1.dae)</figcaption>
<figcaption>1 sample per pixel <code class="highlighter-rouge">(building.dae)</code></figcaption>
</td>
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-building-2.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>2 samples per pixel (building.dae)</figcaption>
<figcaption>2 samples per pixel <code class="highlighter-rouge">(building.dae)</code></figcaption>
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-building-4.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>4 samples per pixel (building.dae)</figcaption>
<figcaption>4 samples per pixel <code class="highlighter-rouge">(building.dae)</code></figcaption>
</td>
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-building-8.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>8 samples per pixel (building.dae)</figcaption>
<figcaption>8 samples per pixel <code class="highlighter-rouge">(building.dae)</code></figcaption>
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-building-16.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>16 samples per pixel (building.dae)</figcaption>
<figcaption>16 samples per pixel <code class="highlighter-rouge">(building.dae)</code></figcaption>
</td>
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-building-64.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>64 samples per pixel (building.dae)</figcaption>
<figcaption>64 samples per pixel <code class="highlighter-rouge">(building.dae)</code></figcaption>
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td>
<img src="./Images/Task4/sp24-raytracer-task4-building-1024.png" align="middle" width="400px" />
<figcaption>1024 samples per pixel (building.dae)</figcaption>
<figcaption>1024 samples per pixel <code class="highlighter-rouge">(building.dae)</code></figcaption>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<br>
<p>
YOUR EXPLANATION GOES HERE
As shown in the images above, taking more samples helps reduce the noise in the image and shadows because they
become much more representative of the true scene.
</p>
</div>
<hr>
Expand Down

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