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Review howtos #1862

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Oct 27, 2023
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Review howtos #1862

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0710951
Architecture naming fix.
rkratky Oct 27, 2023
e0593a2
Review howto language and formatting.
rkratky Oct 27, 2023
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions doc/.custom_wordlist.txt
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
AArch
Autoinstall
Autoinstalls
Btrfs
Expand Down
71 changes: 39 additions & 32 deletions doc/howto/autoinstall-quickstart-s390x.rst
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.. _autoinstall-quickstart-s390x:
.. _autoinstall-quick-start-s390x:

Automatic installation quick start for s390x
********************************************
Autoinstall quick start for s390x
=================================

This how-to provides basic instructions to perform an automatic installation
in a virtual machine (VM) on a local machine on the s390x architecture.
This guide provides instructions on how to use autoinstall with a current version of Ubuntu for the s390x architecture in a virtual machine (VM) on your computer.

This how-to is a version of :ref:`autoinstall_quickstart`.
adapted for s390x.
For older Ubuntu releases, substitute the version in the name of the ISO image. The instructions should otherwise be the same. See :ref:`<autoinstall-quick-start>` for instructions on installing on the amd64 architecture.
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Download an ISO
===============
Download the ISO
----------------

Download an ISO image of the latest release from the `release page <https://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/releases/>`_ (currently |ubuntu-latest-version| (|ubuntu-latest-codename|)).

.. parsed-literal::

wget https:\ //cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/releases/|ubuntu-latest-version|/release/ubuntu-|ubuntu-latest-version|-live-server-s390x.iso -P ~/Downloads
Download the latest release of the Ubuntu Server image (ISO) from the `Ubuntu ISO download page`_ (currently |ubuntu-latest-version| (|ubuntu-latest-codename|)).

Mount the ISO
=============
-------------

.. parsed-literal::
Make the content of the ISO image accessible from a local directory:

.. code:: none

mkdir -p ~/iso
sudo mount -r ~/Downloads/ubuntu-|ubuntu-latest-version|-live-server-s390x.iso ~/iso
sudo mount -r ~/Downloads/ubuntu-<version-number>-live-server-s390x.iso ~/iso

Change ``<version-number>`` to match the number of the release you have downloaded.

Write your autoinstall configuration
====================================
------------------------------------

Create a cloud-init configuration:

Expand All @@ -49,25 +47,29 @@ Create a cloud-init configuration:
The encrypted password is ``ubuntu``.

Serve the cloud-init configuration over HTTP
============================================
--------------------------------------------

Leave this running in a new terminal window:
Leave the HTTP server running in a terminal:

.. code-block:: none

cd ~/www
python3 -m http.server 3003

Create a target disk
====================
--------------------

Proceed with a second terminal window:
In a new terminal, install the ``qemu-img`` utility:

.. code-block:: none

sudo apt install qemu-utils
...

Create the target VM disk for the installation:

.. code-block:: none

qemu-img create -f qcow2 disk-image.qcow2 10G
Formatting 'disk-image.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=10737418240 cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16

Expand All @@ -84,7 +86,9 @@ Proceed with a second terminal window:
corrupt: false

Run the installation
====================
--------------------

Install the ``kvm`` command:

.. code-block:: none

Expand All @@ -97,26 +101,29 @@ Add the default user to the ``kvm`` group:

sudo usermod -a -G kvm ubuntu # re-login to make the changes take effect

Run the installation in a VM. Change ``<version-number>`` in the following command to match the release ISO you downloaded:

.. code-block:: none

kvm -no-reboot -name auto-inst-test -nographic -m 2048 \
-drive file=disk-image.qcow2,format=qcow2,cache=none,if=virtio \
-cdrom ~/Downloads/ubuntu-22.10-live-server-s390x.iso \
-cdrom ~/Downloads/ubuntu-<version-number>-live-server-s390x.iso \
-kernel ~/iso/boot/kernel.ubuntu \
-initrd ~/iso/boot/initrd.ubuntu \
-append 'autoinstall ds=nocloud-net;s=http://_gateway:3003/ console=ttysclp0'

The above commands boot the virtual machine, download the configuration from the server
(prepared in the previous step) and run the installation.

The installer reboots at the end. The ``-no-reboot`` flag to ``kvm`` instructs ``kvm``
to terminate on reboot. The procedure takes approximately 5 minutes.
This command boots the VM, downloads the configuration from the server (prepared in the previous step) and runs the installation. The installer reboots at the end. The ``-no-reboot`` option to the ``kvm`` command instructs ``kvm`` to exit on reboot.

Boot the installed system
=========================
-------------------------

.. code-block:: none

kvm -no-reboot -name auto-inst-test -nographic -m 2048 \
-drive file=disk-image.qcow2,format=qcow2,cache=none,if=virtio

This command boots into the installed system. Log in using ``ubuntu`` for both the user
name and password.
This command boots the installed system in the VM. Log in using ``ubuntu`` for both the user name and password.

.. LINKS

.. _Ubuntu ISO download page: https://releases.ubuntu.com/
136 changes: 62 additions & 74 deletions doc/howto/autoinstall-quickstart.rst
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.. _autoinstall_quickstart:
.. _autoinstall_quick-start:
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Autoinstall quick start
***********************
=======================

The intent of this page is to provide simple instructions to perform an
autoinstall in a VM on your machine.
This guide provides instructions on how to use autoinstall with a current version of Ubuntu for the amd64 architecture in a virtual machine (VM) on your computer.

This page assumes that you are installing a recent Ubuntu release. However,
for older releases, you can substitute the name of the ISO image but the
instructions should otherwise be the same.

This page also assumes you are on the AMD64 architecture. There is a
:ref:`version for s390x<autoinstall-quickstart-s390x>` too.
For older Ubuntu releases, substitute the version in the name of the ISO image. The instructions should otherwise be the same. See :ref:`<autoinstall-quick-start-s390x>` for instructions on installing on the s390x architecture.
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Providing the autoinstall data over the network
===============================================
-----------------------------------------------

This method is the one that generalises most easily to doing an entirely
network-based installation where a machine boots over a network and then is automatically
installed.
This method describes a network-based installation. When booting over a network, use this method to deliver autoinstall to perform the installation.

Download the ISO
----------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Go to the `Ubuntu ISO download page`_ and download the latest Ubuntu
live-server ISO.
Download the latest release of the Ubuntu Server image (ISO) from the `Ubuntu ISO download page`_ (currently |ubuntu-latest-version| (|ubuntu-latest-codename|)).

Mount the ISO
-------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Make the content of the ISO image accessible from a local directory:

.. code-block:: bash
.. code:: none

sudo mount -r ~/Downloads/ubuntu-<release-number>-live-server-amd64.iso /mnt
sudo mount -r ~/Downloads/ubuntu-<version-number>-live-server-amd64.iso /mnt

Where you should change `<release-number>` to match the number of the LTS or
release you have downloaded (e.g., `22.04.3` for Jammy or `23.04` for the Lunar
interim release).
Change ``<version-number>`` to match the number of the release you have downloaded.

Write your autoinstall configuration
------------------------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

This means creating cloud-init configuration as follows:
Create a cloud-init configuration:

.. code-block:: bash
.. code:: none

mkdir -p ~/www
cd ~/www
Expand All @@ -60,69 +51,64 @@ This means creating cloud-init configuration as follows:
The encrypted password is ``ubuntu``.

Serve the cloud-init configuration over HTTP
--------------------------------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Leave this running in one terminal window:
Leave the HTTP server running in a terminal:

.. code-block:: bash
.. code:: none

cd ~/www
python3 -m http.server 3003

Create a target disk
--------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Create the target VM disk for the installation:

.. code-block::
.. code:: none

truncate -s 10G image.img

Run the installation
--------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

As before, you will need to change `<release-number>` in the following command
to match the release ISO you downloaded.
Change ``<version-number>`` in the following command to match the release ISO you downloaded.

.. code-block:: bash
.. code:: none

kvm -no-reboot -m 2048 \
-drive file=image.img,format=raw,cache=none,if=virtio \
-cdrom ~/Downloads/ubuntu-<release-number>-live-server-amd64.iso \
-cdrom ~/Downloads/ubuntu-<version-number>-live-server-amd64.iso \
-kernel /mnt/casper/vmlinuz \
-initrd /mnt/casper/initrd \
-append 'autoinstall ds=nocloud-net;s=http://_gateway:3003/'

This will boot, download the configuration from the server (set up in the previous
step) and run the installation. The installer reboots at the end but the
``-no-reboot`` flag to ``kvm`` means that ``kvm`` will exit when this happens.
It should take about 5 minutes.
This command boots the VM, downloads the configuration from the server (prepared in the previous step) and runs the installation. The installer reboots at the end. The ``-no-reboot`` option to the ``kvm`` command instructs ``kvm`` to exit on reboot.

Boot the installed system
-------------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: bash
.. code:: none

kvm -no-reboot -m 2048 \
-drive file=image.img,format=raw,cache=none,if=virtio

This will boot into the freshly installed system and you should be able to log
in as ``ubuntu/ubuntu``.
This command boots the installed system in the VM. Log in using ``ubuntu`` for both the user name and password.

Using another volume to provide the autoinstall configuration
=============================================================
-------------------------------------------------------------

This is the method to use when you want to create media that you can just plug
into a system to have it be installed.
Use this method to create an installation medium to plug into a computer to have it be installed.

Download the live-server ISO
----------------------------
Download the ISO
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Go to the `Ubuntu ISO download page`_ and download the latest Ubuntu
live-server ISO.
Download the latest Ubuntu Server ISO from the `Ubuntu ISO download page`_.

Create your user-data and meta-data files
-----------------------------------------
Create user-data and meta-data files
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: bash
.. code:: none

mkdir -p ~/cidata
cd ~/cidata
Expand All @@ -140,52 +126,54 @@ Create your user-data and meta-data files
The encrypted password is ``ubuntu``.

Create an ISO to use as a cloud-init data source
------------------------------------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Install utilities for working with cloud images:

.. code-block:: bash
.. code:: none

sudo apt install cloud-image-utils

Create the ISO image for cloud-init:

.. code:: none

cloud-localds ~/seed.iso user-data meta-data

Create a target disk
--------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: bash
Create the target VM disk for the installation:

.. code:: none

truncate -s 10G image.img

Run the installation
--------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

As before, you will need to change `<release-number>` in the following command
to match the release ISO you downloaded.
Change ``<version-number>`` in the following command to match the release ISO you downloaded.

.. code-block:: bash
.. code:: none

kvm -no-reboot -m 2048 \
-drive file=image.img,format=raw,cache=none,if=virtio \
-drive file=~/seed.iso,format=raw,cache=none,if=virtio \
-cdrom ~/Downloads/ubuntu-<release-number>-live-server-amd64.iso

This boots the system and runs the installation. Unless you interrupt boot to add
``autoinstall`` to the kernel command line, the installer prompts for
confirmation before touching the disk.
-cdrom ~/Downloads/ubuntu-<version-number>-live-server-amd64.iso

The installer reboots at the end but the ``-no-reboot`` flag to ``kvm`` means
that ``kvm`` will exit when this happens.
This command boots the system and runs the installation. The installer prompts for a confirmation before modifying the disk. To skip the need for a confirmation, interrupt the booting process, and add the ``autoinstall`` parameter to the kernel command line.

The whole process should take about 5 minutes.
The installer reboots at the end. The ``-no-reboot`` option to the ``kvm`` command instructs ``kvm`` to exit on reboot.

Boot the installed system
-------------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: bash
.. code:: none

kvm -no-reboot -m 2048 \
-drive file=image.img,format=raw,cache=none,if=virtio

This will boot into the freshly installed system and you should be able to log
in as ``ubuntu/ubuntu``.
This command boots the installed system in the VM. Log in using ``ubuntu`` for both the user name and password.

.. LINKS

Expand Down
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