Update black to 23.7.0

[pyup-bot]

This PR updates black from 23.3.0 to 23.7.0.

Changelog

23.7.0

Highlights

- Runtime support for Python 3.7 has been removed. Formatting 3.7 code will still be
supported until further notice (3765)

Stable style

- Fix a bug where an illegal trailing comma was added to return type annotations using
PEP 604 unions (3735)
- Fix several bugs and crashes where comments in stub files were removed or mishandled
under some circumstances (3745)
- Fix a crash with multi-line magic comments like `type: ignore` within parentheses
(3740)
- Fix error in AST validation when _Black_ removes trailing whitespace in a type comment
(3773)

Preview style

- Implicitly concatenated strings used as function args are no longer wrapped inside
parentheses (3640)
- Remove blank lines between a class definition and its docstring (3692)

Configuration

- The `--workers` argument to _Black_ can now be specified via the `BLACK_NUM_WORKERS`
environment variable (3743)
- `.pytest_cache`, `.ruff_cache` and `.vscode` are now excluded by default (3691)
- Fix _Black_ not honouring `pyproject.toml` settings when running `--stdin-filename`
and the `pyproject.toml` found isn't in the current working directory (3719)
- _Black_ will now error if `exclude` and `extend-exclude` have invalid data types in
`pyproject.toml`, instead of silently doing the wrong thing (3764)

Packaging

- Upgrade mypyc from 0.991 to 1.3 (3697)
- Remove patching of Click that mitigated errors on Python 3.6 with `LANG=C` (3768)

Parser

- Add support for the new PEP 695 syntax in Python 3.12 (3703)

Performance

- Speed up _Black_ significantly when the cache is full (3751)
- Avoid importing `IPython` in a case where we wouldn't need it (3748)

Output

- Use aware UTC datetimes internally, avoids deprecation warning on Python 3.12 (3728)
- Change verbose logging to exactly mirror _Black_'s logic for source discovery (3749)

_Blackd_

- The `blackd` argument parser now shows the default values for options in their help
text (3712)

Integrations

- Black is now tested with
[`PYTHONWARNDEFAULTENCODING = 1`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#io-encoding-warning)
(3763)
- Update GitHub Action to display black output in the job summary (3688)

Documentation

- Add a CITATION.cff file to the root of the repository, containing metadata on how to
cite this software (3723)
- Update the _classes_ and _exceptions_ documentation in Developer reference to match
the latest code base (3755)

Links

• PyPI: https://pypi.org/project/black
• Changelog: https://pyup.io/changelogs/black/

[pyup-bot]

Closing this in favor of #431